The study of the territory of China in the bet365 bonus code pa is an intermediate link in the study of the formation and development history of China’s unified multi-ethnic country。"Qin Yufeng Jiao: The Political Order of the bet365 bonus code pa" (written by Wang Yikang，Social Science Literature Press March 2020 edition) from the perspective of legal and political science，Shows bet365 bonus code pa China、The historical picture of Chinese people and China’s territory。The book was included in the "Academic Library of the Chinese Academy of History"，Reflected from the perspective of Chinese historical research，Academic demands for studying historical China and its territories。

　　bet365 bonus code pa China or bet365 bonus code pa China

How to define "China"？Historical Geography、National History、There are differences in different disciplines such as history，The same subject is inevitably different。As far as the bet365 bonus code pa is concerned，Is it called bet365 bonus code pa China or bet365 bonus code pa China，There are different naming logics behind it，For example，"bet365 bonus code pa China" is greater than "bet365 bonus code pa China"，It is an implicit premise。From Tan Qixiang's "Chinese Historical Atlas" "Compilation Examples of bet365 bonus code pa Maps"，The concepts of “territory” and “territory” are used synonymously by academic circles。The "Complete Map of the bet365 bonus code pa" includes the political areas of the bet365 bonus code pa and the political territories of various ethnic groups in the border areas of the bet365 bonus code pa，It is a hierarchical concept with "the whole map of the People's Republic of China"，This means that bet365 bonus code pa China is different from bet365 bonus code pa China。bet365 bonus code pa China was a political entity，China in the bet365 bonus code pa was not a political entity，It is the traceback of the current territory of China。The reason why，It is because of Tan Qixiang’s historical geographical considerations based on historical geography，The Qing Dynasty benchmark theory that advocates that China’s historical territory was “naturally formed” before the Opium War。

Although Tan Qixiang adheres to this basic territory，But when drawing the Tang territory in the "Historical Atlas of China"，I still adopted the more realistic and realistic painting method of the Four Realms of the bet365 bonus code pa。He insisted on the records of the scope of Jisizhou in the old and new Tang books "Geography"，Shows the territory of China in the bet365 bonus code pa。In view of the above differences，The author excerpts the Song Dynasty music history "Taiping Huanyu Ji" to talk about the Kaiyuan period of the bet365 bonus code pa、It is said in the prosperous days of Tianbao that "all are counties"，Qin Yufengjiao”，Word used as the title of the book。

Understanding bet365 bonus code pa China，The core of the academic core is to grasp the definition of the three legal terms of "huaneiren", "huawaifanren" and "huawairen" in Tang law。To be specific，When the Tang Code was adopted during the Yonghui reign of Emperor Gaozong of the bet365 bonus code pa，“All are subject to national laws，On determining the punishment name”。The form of monarch and ministers who only have a canonized and tributary relationship is not Huai Nei，And so on，Tubo under the relationship between uncle and nephew，Under the relationship between mother and son during the Wu Zetian era and granted the title of Great Chanyu、Post-Turkic title of Khan，Tang Xuanzong’s Tianbao surrendered to the emperor and his ministers、Brother、The vassal Uighurs under the relationship between father and son，A country that even paid tribute but did not enfeoff it，It’s all about foreign affairs。This definition established the administrative boundaries of China as a political body in the bet365 bonus code pa。

　　Seven elements of Chinese governance in the bet365 bonus code pa

It is different from the internal and external four barbarians and four general principles under the five-service system，That is, tribute (important famine)、Canonization (feudal)、Marriage、Confusing mutual market policies with border governance policies，The ruling power of China in the bet365 bonus code pa has formed a relatively complete seven elements。

The first is to handle foreign affairs abroad (diplomatic power)。Edict stipulations of Wu Zetian’s first year in Chang’an (701)，Comfort for outsiders，The state and the governor's office under its jurisdiction must "report"，Shows the central government’s exclusive right to engage in foreign affairs。For outsiders coming to Korea，The Host and Guest Department of Shangshu Province is responsible for the review of incoming personnel，And authorized Bianzhou to issue "border ultimatum"，Number of reviewers。Pinglu Jiedushi’s power over Silla in the late bet365 bonus code pa，also belongs to this form。The second is to assign official power。Border governance、Ming Guan、Knight、Honorary Award。Jisui and Fanzhou，In addition to the hereditary governor of the clan、Provincial History、County magistrate，Also set up Han officials、Deputy officials。Ethnic minorities serve as governors of other ethnic groups in Fanzhou，There are many places，They are all officials in nature。The third is the right to tax。The ownership cannot be determined based on the presence or absence of taxes，The divisions in the bet365 bonus code pa were forced to surrender and settle down、Active resettlement，Tax-free for 2 years、3 years、Varies from 10 years。There are various forms of paying taxes，The taxes are paid to the Governor's Office in the form of collective taxation，It is also similar to the way that the chieftains in the Qing Dynasty paid taxes and money to the provincial treasury。Fourth is conscription of military service (right to conscription)。From the west of Khotan、East of Persia，Make the royal capital the governor's palace，With subordinate departments as states and counties，Place Fanzhou Zhechong Mansion。Dunhuang documents have records of recruiting troops from the Persian Governor's Mansion。The fifth is judicial power。Display of documents unearthed in Turpan，Regarding the case of civilians running over and injuring people in other parts of the Western Turks，The Guilty Guarantee Clause of "Tang Law" applies。Sixth is the power of supervision。For the Bianzhou Dudu Mansion、Disposal by the Protectorate、Supervision，or Yushitai Supervisor、The emperor’s envoy was dissatisfied with the supervision，You can bypass them and play。Seventh is religious management rights。Building a temple in Fanzhou，“Knowing the Buddha but not knowing the precepts，The dignity of the pagoda and temple is shown"。The reason why Mr. Fang Guoyu believes that only Buddhist temples existed in Yunnan during the bet365 bonus code pa，I didn’t pay attention to the examination of Buddhist temples built in the Sui Dynasty in "Jiaqing Reconstruction of Unification"。

　　Constructing ancient bet365 bonus code pa territory theory

The academic and practical significance of this research lies in，First，Helps us in Qin and Han、Sui and Tang Dynasties、Understanding what “Chinese” means as the Ming and Qing Dynasties progress。Qin is the first unified multi-ethnic country in history in China，That is, the ancient nation-state，The core ethnic group is the "Xia people" defined by the Qin Law (including the Qin people and the "Xia sons" born to Qin's mother)。The academic community generally believes that，Qin is the antithesis of China。Volume 5 of "Records of the Western Regions of the bet365 bonus code pa" Xuanzang said to King Haris: "The one who gets there，Former King’s Kingdom；Datang Master，The name of my country。"Xuan Zang took "Cina" as his country name，And use Datang as the name of the country (name of the country)，Clear distinction between the two。"Liu Dian of the bet365 bonus code pa" stipulates that "any son born from a concubine"，That is, the same people，Not allowed to be a fan household”，Consistent with the provisions of "Xia Zi" in Qin Law。The "common people" here are called "Chinese common people" in the "Old Records" cited in Japan's "Ling Ji Jie"，It can be seen that "Chinese people" are actually "Chinese people" in the sense of international law，Instead of "Han people" in the narrow sense。

Secondly，Changes in ancient and modern times that help scientific understanding of boundaries、The difference between China and foreign countries。Every bet365 bonus code pa in ancient China experienced significant territorial expansion and contraction，But this does not mean that ancient China’s territory did not have clear scope and boundaries，When the natural extension of the bet365 bonus code pa’s territory encounters a powerful tribe or political power，The two sides will form a boundary。For example, when the Western Han bet365 bonus code pa and the Xiongnu were in hostile relations，The two sides formed a confrontation roughly bounded by the Great Wall。Foreign scholar Giddens denies the boundary significance of the Great Wall，Considering that borders only began to appear in the process of the creation of nation-states，This is too absolute。In the process of China’s modern national transformation，Although there is a problem of losing ground，But the final boundaries of the nation-state，Still formed on the basis of the ancient territory before 1840。There is an inherent connection between the boundaries of ancient China and the boundaries of modern nation-states。

This book proves，The bet365 bonus code pa and Seyi have a hierarchical structure，Instead of a single structure，This is useful for understanding the changes in the boundaries of ancient China、The difference between China and foreign countries has positive significance。The author thinks，Tang Fenzhou、Governed by Fanzhou (Jizhou)。Looking from the specific documents involved，The author thinks，It may be further subdivided，The latter is divided into two types。As far as the bet365 bonus code pa is concerned，In Turpan、The bet365 bonus code pa officials discovered in Dunhuang、The Ministry of Punishment documents have appeared in the state、Fanzhou (small state)、Usage of juxtaposing Jisizhou，The relatively late "Old Tang Book·Geography"，Especially in "New Tang Book·Geography", the latter two are "named Jisi"，This is still the current general understanding of official history。In fact, the so-called "Dangxiang State...does not know its affiliation" explanation，It seems to imply that "Dangxiang Prefecture" is Fan Prefecture (according to Tan Qixiang's "Compilation of Maps in the bet365 bonus code pa"，Is moving from the border area，Possibility of sending overseas Chinese to one of the Jisi Prefecture Counties within the boundaries of Zhengzhou Zhengxian County in Yuanbian。

Finally，Conducive to promoting the construction of ancient Chinese territory theory。A unified multi-ethnic country is not only the basic national condition of bet365 bonus code pa，It is also the basic national condition of historical bet365 bonus code pa。The order in which different border ethnic groups entered the Chinese nation should be historically presented。At this point，From the ancient "bet365 bonus code pa" and "prefectures and counties" discourse to the modern "Sinicization" and "provincialization" discourse，It’s an important clue。Only by referring to the past and judging the present，Return to the original historical context and preconditions of ancient discourse，Category、Research on Gang Ju Mu Zhang，Clearly understand the scope of Chinese territory and the degree of its jurisdiction in the past dynasties，Only in this way can we lay a solid foundation for the historical construction of bet365 bonus code pa’s territorial theory。

　(Author’s unit: bet365 bonus code pa Frontier Research Institute, bet365 bonus code pa Academy of History)