The end of 2021，The Academic Degrees Committee of the State Council in "About the Treatment of Doctoral Degrees"、Letter for soliciting opinions on the Catalog of Master's Degree Awarding and Talent Training Subjects and its Management Measures，Increase the first-level discipline of philosophy from the original one (philosophy) to two: philosophy and applied bet365 new customer offer。Added applied bet365 new customer offer as a first-level discipline in philosophy，It seems to be beyond the expectation of most educators in the philosophical field，If you think about it carefully, it makes sense。

　　Two "long legs" for the future development of bet365 new customer offer

I was instructed by the old leader of the Philosophy Department of Peking University，While visiting Harvard University from 1993 to 1994, I conducted a general survey on the philosophy departments (institutes) and philosophy teaching and research situations of Ivy League universities in the United States，It turns out that most philosophy departments exhibit what I would describe as a “bipolar effort”—or focus on analytic philosophy and classical metaphysical theory，Maybe use political philosophy、A practical field of philosophy that focuses on bet365 new customer offer (especially applied bet365 new customer offer)。For example，At that time, the philosophy department of Harvard University had only 17 teachers，More than half of the teachers are engaged in political philosophy and applied bet365 new customer offer research。After returning to China，I particularly emphasized one point in my report: in the current and future philosophy teaching and research，Philosophy, an ancient and abstract discipline, has at least two growth points full of vitality，Political Philosophy and Applied bet365 new customer offer。Yi Yan，Applied practical wisdom and real-life applications，will be the two "long legs" for philosophy to base itself on the present and move towards the future。

　　　　，A few years later, I inspected the humanities and social sciences subject groups of 15 top universities in the United States，The situation in the discipline of philosophy once again confirms my above judgment。And more than ten years later，When I returned to the Philosophy Department of Harvard University for the third time as a Fulbright Visiting Professor，This kind of "bipolar force" situation is even worse。Here，I want to talk about applied bet365 new customer offer and how it works，The topic comes from a group of brave, lively and witty young bet365 new customer offer scholars from the "Frontier Issues Workshop on Applied bet365 new customer offer" at Nanjing Normal University。Their extraordinary work and the way they work，Inspiring me to think again about the universal significance of applied bet365 new customer offer to the current situation in contemporary China，And the “workshop” they focus on highlighting，It prompted me to pay more attention to the working methods of applied bet365 new customer offer，The latter is precisely an important issue that has not attracted enough attention from the academic community so far。

　Applied bet365 new customer offer is a modern concept

As everyone knows，Everyday application is the fundamental characteristic ("status") of bet365 new customer offer as a characteristic of philosophical practical wisdom.，That is, the so-called "identity"，Why is it necessary to separate another concept of applied bet365 new customer offer？So-called applied bet365 new customer offer，Of course it refers to the specific application of the basic principles (principles) of bet365 new customer offer。It is a modern concept，or，Applied bet365 new customer offer itself is a product of modern society，The main reason for its establishment is that its principles or specific applications of principles have at least two basic characteristics: one is the differentiation of professional fields，The second is the application of professional technology。In other words，Applied bet365 new customer offer as a concept or even an event of modernity，Not only a general expression of the practical wisdom character of bet365 new customer offer，And more fundamentally，Practical Application of bet365 new customer offer as Practical Wisdom，With the multi-stratification and multi-field differentiation of modern social life itself，This results in the division of fields, and different fields show reliance on and reference to different or special professional scientific and technological knowledge。These two characteristics together constitute the basic academic style and working methods of modern applied bet365 new customer offer and its cutting-edge development。In a sense，The closer to the frontier，These two characteristics are becoming more and more prominent。For that matter，It is not only timely to label the “Workshop on Frontier Issues in Applied bet365 new customer offer”，It also demonstrates the advanced cutting-edge academic consciousness and keen awareness of cutting-edge issues of the founders and participants of this workshop，Deserves encouragement and likes。

my country’s applied bet365 new customer offer research began as early as the late 20th century。The beginning of the 1980s，bet365 new customer offer teaching and research resumed。At that time，With Peking University、Renmin University of China、East China Normal University、Establishment of bet365 new customer offer Teaching and Research Section in Philosophy Department of Hunan Normal University and other universities and bet365 new customer offer Research Section of Institute of Philosophy, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences，And the establishment of the Chinese bet365 new customer offer Society as the basic symbol。Afterwards，Nanjing University、Wuhan University、Sun Yat-sen University、Nanjing Normal University、Shandong University and other universities and research institutions have successively established bet365 new customer offer teaching and research institutions and opened bet365 new customer offer course systems。A few years later，Applied bet365 new customer offer is beginning to enter philosophy in many universities、bet365 new customer offer curriculum system，And a group of bet365 new customer offer scholars have emerged who focus on applied bet365 new customer offer research，There are even specialized applied bet365 new customer offer research centers，For example, Institute of Philosophy, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences、The Department of Philosophy of Renmin University of China and the Department of Philosophy of Peking University have successively established applied bet365 new customer offer research centers。To this day，Academic research institution of applied bet365 new customer offer、The academic team and academic achievements have taken shape，Initial prosperity。But speaking truthfully，Directly highlight academic workshops targeting cutting-edge issues，Nanjing Normal University can be said to be the first among hundreds of rivals。

　　Applied bet365 new customer offer research does not need to be conclusive

Carefully read "Workshop on Frontier Issues in Applied bet365 new customer offer" (Editor-in-Chief Wang Lulu)，The themes and contents of ten workshops compiled in the first volume of Jiangsu People's Publishing House, October 2022 edition，I am deeply impressed by its keen awareness of issues captured at the forefront，The intensity and breadth of research conducted by the host and participants is also quite outstanding，Everything from verbal logic to argumentative analysis is impressive。For example，Confusion surrounding Qiu Ju’s lawsuit，Carry out an in-depth and multi-dimensional theoretical analysis of the disputes over etiquette and law in the governance of rural society in China today；Taking "The Lonely Minister" as the topic，Initiating ethical discussions on today’s virtual (network) society and group loneliness；About surrogacy、Nursing robot、Ethical diagnosis of the latest life and health ethical issues such as euthanasia；Special discussion on the happy life of the elderly under the trend of population aging；Animal bet365 new customer offer discussion through the case of "live bear bile harvesting"；Analysis of bet365 new customer offer and privacy issues in today’s big data era and analysis of moral and ethical risks that autonomous driving may bring；etc.。Workshop’s dedicated discussion of these issues，Almost all show the new characteristics of today's applied bet365 new customer offer: or focus on a special field of life and the cutting-edge "problem domain" of applied bet365 new customer offer to develop in-depth、Detailed and professional discussion，Or quote cutting-edge knowledge resources of contemporary science and technology，In "bet365 new customer offer +" interdisciplinary、In the field of open integration across fields，Discuss technological ethical issues with higher technical connotations，To fully demonstrate the special professional fieldization and highly complex technical characteristics of today's applied bet365 new customer offer frontier。

As for the host、Views of speakers and participants、What’s your position，Is it correct，I think these are not the most important。In fact，Because of the cutting-edge nature of the issue，So that the answers to these questions are open and uncertain，It is difficult to reach a consensus through one or even multiple discussions with one or more people。Quite the opposite，No final conclusion，Only a moral and ethical consensus based on relative rationality，This is probably the normal situation for such cutting-edge applied bet365 new customer offer issues and their exploration。Because of my job，What we need to pay attention to is not some conclusions given or implied by each workshop，It is not even the value preference or basis for judgment stated by them in the debate，But the reasons and academic information they cited。More importantly，They rely on analysis and judgment、Express your respective opinions、Methods used when giving opinions，They form their own views on these issues and integrate academic work methods to express these views。

　　Researchers should have two major qualifications: bet365 new customer offer differentiation and scientific and technological equipment

Take this opportunity，I would like to particularly emphasize the academic working methods of modern applied bet365 new customer offer，Because this issue is not only directly related to how cutting-edge research in contemporary applied bet365 new customer offer is possible，To what extent possible？It is also related to the updating of knowledge of contemporary bet365 new customer offer scholars or even the preparation of academic qualifications，On a larger scale，This problem is also an interdisciplinary or interdisciplinary knowledge integration problem。

As mentioned above，The special features of contemporary applied bet365 new customer offer，First of all, it lies in the diversification of its professional fields and the many complex equipment and supports of professional scientific and technological knowledge。This is multi-layered by the modern social life itself、Determined by the rapid differentiation in many fields and the increasing technologicalization of each differentiated life field。Morality is based on life，From life。Moral and ethical challenges brought about by the modern evolution of human life practices，is structural、Fundamentally significant。Among them，The two major trends of professionalization and technological modernization are becoming increasingly strong，Proposed two basic requirements for professional differentiation and scientific and technological equipment for the specific research of applied bet365 new customer offer，And increasingly obvious and strict。Hard to imagine，A person who does not have the most basic knowledge of modern biological sciences and modern medicine and modern public health management，Able to engage in research or management of bioethics and public health bet365 new customer offer。Same，A person who lacks basic understanding of modern computer science or information network technology，It is impossible to truly engage in research on ethical issues such as intelligent robots；Even rural folk bet365 new customer offer、Economic Management bet365 new customer offer、Ecological and environmental bet365 new customer offer、Animal bet365 new customer offer... This seemingly less "technical" field of applied bet365 new customer offer，If you lack the necessary technical knowledge and equipment in the professional field or professional working methods，Such as field anthropological investigation，Econometrics、Institutional Economics、Statistical methods，Geophysical knowledge，Zoological or botanical knowledge，etc.，Relevant specialized applied bet365 new customer offer research is also impossible。This seems to be a needless argument、Undoubted contemporary academic qualifications。

I understand this，It will not be difficult for us to understand and admit it，For all those engaged in or aspiring to engage in applied bet365 new customer offer，Learn and master one or more related professional knowledge in addition to general ethical knowledge principles，Learn to use interdisciplinary or multidisciplinary methods，To study and answer (solve) various special and specific applied bet365 new customer offer issues that will arise in the present and even in the future，Even if it is not a necessary and sufficient academic condition (qualification)，It is also the most basic necessary academic condition (qualification)，Otherwise, it is not enough to enter the technical and specialized fields of modern applied bet365 new customer offer，Not to mention establishing interdisciplinary or multidisciplinary integrated vision and cross-cutting methods。Should say，The editor-in-chief and all participants of this book have long been aware of the working methods of cutting-edge research in modern applied bet365 new customer offer，Also made great efforts，Achieved convincing academic results。Collected as the first batch of research results of this workshop，The results shown in this book cover many fields、Multidimensional、Multiple approaches or methods、Many new features。“The first step to success is better than the half way。”As the earliest workshop on cutting-edge issues in applied bet365 new customer offer in the country，Extraordinary original intention，Initial integrity，First battle successful，This is undoubtedly worth celebrating。“First” is called the beginning、Start、Initial or earliest、Wait first，Also read as "first"。I would like to explain the meaning of this "pun" as a message，Given to all bet365 new customer offer colleagues in the workshop on cutting-edge issues in applied bet365 new customer offer，To express my respect and congratulations！

Admittedly，As with any exploratory study，There are still some unfinished works and regrets in the book。For example，In my personal understanding，bet365 new customer offer colleagues from the School of Public Administration of Nanjing Normal University, especially the Department of Philosophy，Has always been a pioneer in domestic economic bet365 new customer offer research，The academic team and academic achievements are very rich，The main features of its ethical research，But what surprised me，Frontier issues in economic bet365 new customer offer have not been included in the subject catalog of the first batch of workshops on cutting-edge issues in applied bet365 new customer offer。In addition，Of participants who have completed ten workshops，Experts or technical professionals other than bet365 new customer offer，Especially those with special specialized scientific and technological education，There are still relatively few interdisciplinary or “amphibious/multi-dwelling” experts and scholars with strong humanistic and ethical concerns，If you pay attention to make up for it in subsequent workshop activities，Definitely more perfect。

　(Author’s affiliation: School of Humanities, Tsinghua bet365 new customer offer)