70 years since the founding of the People's Republic of China，Chinese History Flowers Flower，All historical disciplines are fruitful。World Modern History Discipline is no exception，But it is a emerging discipline，Often not familiar with readers，Even its research goals and discipline functions remain to be discussed by professional scholars。The author is an old scholar in this discipline，May talk about the development and innovation of the discipline。

　　bet365 Play online games

Human society has entered the era of economic globalization，All parts of all countries，You have me，I have you in me，People’s clothing, food, housing and transportation are associated with the outside world。This requires that each resident must have world knowledge，Not only must you know now，Also know the past，Do you have to have world history，Especially the recent world history knowledge。World Modern History is the latest stage of world history，is the last part of the history of the world，Usually starting from the early 20th century。Take 1945 as the dividing line，Scholars usually divide them into two stages，The last stage is usually called contemporary world history。This，Modern History、Contemporary history is closely related to the current situation of international affairs。But it is different from studying international politics、Economy、Disciplines of the current status of military and international relations。The difference is，Modern history of the world focus on history，Mainly study the historical facts that have been condensed bet365 Play online games and the international figures that have been covered with coffin。The discipline of the research status focuses on the events and characters in the event。

Although world history is telling foreign history，But it is different from the discipline of the country's other countries that specialize in a country。World History is not a list of history of various countries，It is characterized by macro vision、Comprehensive research，Big events and characters that pay attention to worldwide，Incidents of various countries、The characters must also be interpreted from a global perspective。Some graduate and young scholars often choose micro -topics，It can be understood by this，but never stop here，Otherwise, I can see the forests without seeing the trees，This is not the requirement of the subject of the history of the world。World history is not equal to foreign history，Because it not only describes foreign history，Tell the history of China，Among them, it mainly talks about Chinese and foreign relations，The status of Chinese history in the world、Function、Impact and meaning，It must help expbet365 Play online games and the international vision of Chinese readers，Need to go abroad、Need to go abroad。

　　The World Modern History Discipline was established

1756，French Enlightenment thinker Voltaic Published "On the Customs and Spirit of the World" (Chinese translation for abbreviation "Customs Theory")，It marks the birth of world history。mid -late 19th century，With the development of the Western European Industrial Revolution and the expansion of the world capital market，The Discipline of World History formed in the West，A German scholar Niber Lanke, known as the "Father of Modern History" and "History of the World" by its editor -in -chief。Then，British France and other countries also have many volumes of "History of the World".。The characteristics Bet365 app download of these world history are: first，Permination of Western European Center theory，Lanke has clearly stated that it is necessary to compile "History of the World" with the theme of Latin and Germans.。Second，Guide world history research with the theoretical of comparative cultural morphology，Therefore, the Western Advanced West、The conclusion of leading the world。third，No modern history，Not even this name。

After the October Revolution，Soviet scholars began to use Marxist historical materialism to write history，So as to change the above situation。1946，Some teachers in the Senior Party School of the Soviet Union will independent the third part of the world's modern history (that is, the World War and the World History of the October Revolution)，Become a new discipline，Called "recent history"，Chinese is translated as "Modern History"。

early 20th century，my country begins to introduce Western world history，Generally known as "Western History"。Before the establishment of the People's Republic of China，It is a main lesson of college history department。but，There is no modern part in this course，Individual teachers talk about a little modern knowledge，but also very casual，No system。1952，Adjustment of the Department of hospitals in my country。The following year，Call relevant experts to determine the courses of various subjects，Historically in the field of imitation of the Soviet Union，Determining "World Modern History" as one of the basic courses，Start training relevant teachers。Therefore，my country's World Modern History Discipline was officially established in 1953。

After 1956，The two parties of China and the Soviet Union began to have differences on many issues，The development of the 60s into a big argument，The relationship between the two countries worsen，This affects the re -interpretation of bet365 Play online games many historical issues。This situation forces Chinese scholars to have their own characteristics in the teaching and research of world modern history，Emphasizing the guiding ideology of Mao Zedong Thought as a discipline teaching and research。1962，From Monday Liang、4 volumes of "World General History" edited by Wu Yuyu，This is the first world -wide history of world -led history guided by Marxism。I wrote a modern history part at the time，But because many problems are still in research，Published inaccurate publicly。Therefore，This general history lacks modern history，Is a big regret and defect。

　　Disciplinary development ushered in spring

Reform and opening up has ushered in China to usher in "scientific spring"。May 1979，The first academic seminar of the world's modern historical discipline was held at Anhui Normal University，Discuss the issue of the first academic organization in the field of world history -China World Modern History Research Association。August of the same year，The Research Association was officially established。，Domestic research activities mainly conduct two aspects of work: First, chaos anyway，Clean up the "extreme left" thought that affects the development of disciplines，Continue to clear the adverse effects of Soviet history。Second, the discipline construction，Discuss the topics of "World War II", "Cold War" and "History of the 20th Century"，Writing various textbooks、Teaching Tools and Compilation Information。From the mid -1980s，Wu Yuyu and Qi Shirong organized 6 volumes of "World History"，Where 5、Volume 6 is modern history，This is the first world modern history of world modern history in my country。This book is the beginning of modern history at the beginning of the 20th century，Highlight the formation of historical Bet365 lotto review overallization。After entering the 21st century，Qi Shirong edited 4 volumes of "History of the World"。

Since the 1960s and 1970s，"Global History" and "Contemporary History" upsurge in the West，Change the world history of "Western Europe as the center" in the past。From 2000，The International History Conference also proposes the concept and method of studying "global history"。This is the progress of history，Its achievements and information are also worthy of our absorption。But must be pointed out，This is essentially different from the teaching research of world history, especially world modern history。They have not fundamentally changed the purpose and characteristics of Western traditional history。For example，They focus on the inheritance and communication of civilization，But does not pay attention to the role of its internal development，This is the end of the concept of our economic foundation that determines the upper -level building。They continue to tell the comparison of various cultural forms，Although the proportion of Oriental History has been added，But I still think that Western Advanced、East behind、East belongs to the West。The "New Global History" edited by Jerer Benteli, editor -in -chief of "World History" magazine in the United States.，It has always been a best -selling textbook。This book has 7 parts from ancient times to the present，Modern history after 1914 accounted for only 1/7。In the 6 volumes of "World History" edited by Wu Yuyu and Qi Shirong，Modern history accounts for 1/3; in the 4 volumes of "World History" edited by Qi Shirong，Modern history accounts for 1/2。Simple number comparison，Reflects the differences in the concept of Chinese and foreign scholars。

　　Continue to strengthen discipline construction

The rise and development of the world modern history discipline，It is one of the countless achievements bet365 live casino games in New China in 70 years。Its subject construction must continue to work，Continue to move forward。Research Objective to the Discipline of World Modern History，It is to persist in guiding teaching and research with the basic concepts of Marxism and socialism with Chinese characteristics。At the same time, we must give full play to the characteristics of general history research，Display the laws and trends of modern history evolution，For the foreign policy of building a community of human destiny。

Current，There are many topics in the world modern history that need to be strengthened。such as: 1. Science and technology problems。Technology is the first productive force，It is even more prominent to modern times。2. Modern capitalist problem，It entered the monopoly stage in the 20th century，Its decay leaders leads to two world wars，But capitalist promotes modernization and globalization，Then the financial crisis and trade protectionism will be generated，Need a comprehensive analysis of history。3. Socialism from theoretical to practice issues，The inevitability of the October Revolution and the summary of the need for the Soviet Union need to be realistic，The concept of the primary stage of socialism requires the combination of historical theory。4. Revival road issues in developing countries，Research by combining colonial rule。5. International relations，The task of modern history research is not to chase the change of international affairs，but interpret its background、Clear direction。6. Cultural Question，The nation is also the world's，The prosperity of international cultural exchanges is a major feature of modern history，The evolution of Western culture must have historical analysis。7. Ecological environment problems，Although this problem occurs in modern bet365 Play online games times，But the modern contemporary is more serious，It is necessary to write as a new problem into modern history。

In short，Modern History of the World as a new seedling in Shilin，Its growth will be far away，Need to work hard for the scholars。

　　(The author is a professor at the School of History of Nankai University)