From the first 1920s of the 1920s of the concept of "World Literature" in the 1920s，In the past 200 years，This concept that carries the ideal of human literature Datong and the ideal of national literature.。Especially since the 21st century，Accelerate with the process of globalization，China's comprehensive national strength is continuously improved，Strictly changes in the world literature pattern，The concept of "World Literature" has triggered a long -lasting discussion in China，Become an important academic cutting -edge topic。At the same time，The construction of foreign literary textbooks in China has also continuously tried to absorb new concepts of world literature、New method，Strive for thinking、architecture and content, innovation。

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From 1949 to 1979，Formal publishing in China、There are only a few textbooks used for foreign literary courses for the Chinese Department of University in the Department of Chinese Department，Among them, "Foreign Literature Reference Data" compiled by the Chinese Department of Beijing Normal University (seven volumes，Higher Education Press 1958-1959 version)，"Selection of Foreign Literature Works" edited by Zhou Yiliang (four volumes，Shanghai Translation Press 1961-1964 The first edition，The second edition of 1979)，Yang Zhouhan、Wu Dayuan、"History of European Literature (Part、Book) "(People's Literature Publishing House, 1964 Volume 1，The first edition of the next version of 1979), etc.。Comparison of comparison，Various oil prints written during this period、There are many lectures on lead prints，Foreign literature textbooks officially published in the 1980s are mostly printed with these oils、Leading Book Lecture Based。Unified View，There are three modes of the historical architecture of foreign literature in these 30 years，It can be summarized as "two major sectors", "three -legged" and "one line"。

The so -called "two major sectors"，Refers to Europe (or European and American) literature and Russia and Soviet literature (or Soviet literature) in parallel。In the early 1950s，Europe (or Europe and the United States) literature and Russia and the Soviet Union (or Soviet) literature usually teaches separately，Textbooks are also written bet365 live casino games separately、​​Do not include each other，This forms two major sections of European (or European and American) literature and Russia and Soviet (or Soviet) literature、Paper -heavy situation。This is the result of the foreign literature teaching of the Chinese Department of the Chinese University in the 1950s.。

The so -called "three -legged Dingli"，Refers to literature in Europe and the United States、In addition to Russian and Soviet literature, add oriental literature。In the late 1950s，Oriental Literature gradually entered the Chinese Department of Chinese Department of Foreign Literature Teaching System。1958 Printing "Beijing Normal University Foreign Literature Teaching Outline (First Draft)"，Among them, "Foreign Literature" is divided into two parts: "European and American Literature" and "Oriental Literature"。The same year，"The Department of Chinese Department of Beijing Normal University in the 19th Century Russian Literature and Soviet Literature Teaching Outline (First Draft)" separates。This marks the Chinese and American literature、Russian and Soviet Literature、The three major sections of Oriental Literature have been formed。Beijing Normal University Chinese Department of bet365 Play online games foreign literature and Teaching and Research Group in 1963 wrote "Foreign Literature Lecture (Asian and African Literature)" (lead print)。In the 1960s，There are also many universities who have written oriental literature lectures that have written oil printed and lead.。

The so -called "one line"，Refers to Europe and the United States、Russia and Su、The three major sections of the East are combined into one，Unified summary into the development sequence of a foreign literature history。1949-1979，The only textbook that adopts the "one line" system includes the history of foreign literature is the "Selection of Foreign Literature Works" edited by Zhou Yiliang。4 volumes for this work，Divided into ancient parts、Modern part、Modern part、Modern part，"Homer Epic"，Below to the 1920s，European and American literature、Oriental Literature、The three major sections of the Russian and Soviet literature are in one time sequence。Although the textbook is limited to the system，"History" clues cannot be discussed in detail，But the basic framework and staging it provided by it is undoubtedly the most reasonable in that era、The most advanced。

For more than 40 years of reform and opening up，The construction of bet365 Play online games foreign literature and textbooks in China has entered a new stage of prosperity and development。According to incomplete statistics，There are more than 100 kinds of foreign literary history textbooks published in China，There are more than 70 types of foreign literary works in various history categories。The framework structure of these textbooks roughly two modes: "East and West Two points" and "combination as one"。The so -called "East and West Two points"，Refers to the historical structure of foreign literature formed by the two major sections of the East and West，The most representative is the "Book of Foreign Literature" edited by Zheng Cru's "History of Foreign Literature" and Zhu Weizhi and other edited by Zhu Weizhi and the "European and American" and "Asian and Africa parts" of "History of Foreign Literature"。The so -called "combination is one"，Merge East and West Literature，Follow a historical clue to run down。There are a lot of such textbooks，For example, "Comparison of World Literature History" compiled by a number of teachers from Beijing Normal University comparative literature、"The History of World Literature" edited by Fang Hanwen、Nie Zhenzhao's editor -in -chief "History of Foreign Literature", etc.。The textbooks of these two modes are suitable for the needs of different levels of foreign literary courses in Chinese University of China。The model of "East and West" highlights the status of Oriental Literature，It is more convenient to teach at this stage; the "combination is one" mode is stronger overall，The historical context is clearer，It is also better to reflect Goethe's world literature ideal。

　　World literature architecture based on Chinese literature

Any history of world literature，Its writers will present or observe the status and significance of domestic literature in different ways，This is the same at home and abroad。Some textbooks will directly include national literature into it，Like the "History of World Literature" compiled by the Institute of World Literature of the Russian Gorky Institute, it contains Russian literature，"Norton World Literature Selection" and "Selection of Norton World Literature" in the United States contain American literature，Zheng Zhenduo's "Literature Outline"、Yang Lie's "History of World Literature" contains Chinese literature。Some textbooks do not involve Chinese literature，But it will highlight the status and meaning of national literature through bet365 Play online games the form of metaphor，The most prominent example is the "two -point" literary history framework structure。This structural pattern is considered to help break the Western center theory for a long time、Emphasizing the status of Oriental Literature，Upgrade the status of Chinese literature as an oriental country。

Since the 21st century，Various domestic literary history and selection textbooks in bet365 Play online games foreign literature and works are endless。Emphasizing China's main position、Highlight the world's significance of Chinese literature，The most prominent is the "World Literature History Course" edited by Fang Hanwen and "World Literature Classic" edited by "Fang Huawen"。These two textbooks position innovation in "Diverse Civilization"。The editor -in -chief divides world civilization into "eight major systems"，I believe that world literature is the continuous intersection and integration of national and regional literature represented by these eight civilization systems。This worldwide view of world literature broke the world -centered world literary history model，Give various major civilized body literature with an equal status。At the same time，Fang Hanwen also gives important or even special status to Chinese literature in "History of World Literature"，In the content of its five edits，Only Chinese literature and the traditional European and American literature from ancient Greece and Roman always presented in the volume of special chapters，Reservation has integrity and coherent。

Observe the presence of Chinese literature in the above textbooks，Both have both excellent length and insufficiency。Contains Chinese literature in it，It can highlight its position in world literature，But the structure of the history of the world's literature itself determines that it cannot occupy too much space。Writing of world literature history must pursue the common law of literary development，But when Chinese literature is placed with other Chinese literature in the description of the specific history of literature，Inquiry of the same and influencing relationships often hurts the specificity and uniqueness of Chinese literature。The structure of the "East and West" itself，To a large extent still reflects the dual -opposing thinking，What is prominent is confrontation、Comparison、Equality。Think about it carefully，Is this still the most effective history bet365 live casino games of world literature history，Think about it carefully。

　　"Concentric Circles" world literature view and its application

Higher Education Press will publish the newly published "Selection of World Literature Works"，It is based on the world literary view of "concentric circle"，Strive for innovation in the selection architecture。"Concentric Circle" is a mathematical concept，Here is extended to a world literature architecture centered on Chinese literature。The center of the place here is not the center of the meaning of "leader"，but based on the relationship with China，and use this relationship as the structural order of "concentric circles" based on this relationship。In this "concentric circle" architecture，Chinese literary works as the center are not selected，But is the hub of this relationship structure、Standard、scale，Therefore, everywhere。

In the long historical development，Chinese literature and out -of -domain literature have gradually established a long -lasting、Diversity contact，And this kind of connection is mainly determined by the distance of geographical space: first as Asia，Then Europe、America、Africa and Oceania，Finally, the intercontinental literature in the era of globalization。This is generally consistent with the historical process of the origin and development of world literature。Under this frame，New version of "Selection of World Literature" divided into five volumes，Using the "continent" and "intercontinental" of geographical units as the largest bay unit，with Chinese literature、Cultivation is strong and weak、Factors such as the overall structure and development prospects of world literature are sorting standards。These five volumes are: Asian Literature Volume、European Literature Volume、American Literature Volume、African Literature and Oceania Literature Volume，and ethnic minority literature、Literature Literature、Post -colonial literature volume。

The specific basis for selection of this set of books is: first volume: Asian literature。Asia is the earliest region to produce world literature，Also connect with Chinese literature、The earliest area that affects each other，Geographically with China。Literature in other countries in Asia share more the same or similar cultural value，The first lap of "concentric circle" should be lived。

Volume 2: European Literature。European literature starts from the 8th century BC, bet365 best casino games the Homer epic generated，There is about 2800 years of history。European countries、humans、Language、Culture、The same or similar history，Overall "European Literature"，Grand achievements。Since modern times，European literature is at the forefront of the development of world literature，an important impact on Chinese literature，The second lap of "concentric circle" should be lived。

Volume III: American Literature。The Americas are far from China，Literary influence each other。The generation of American literature is later than Asian literature and European literature，Only in the second half of the 20th century, the momentum was formed。merged North American literature and Latin American literature into "American Literature"，It is considered based on its commonality than differences。American literature is therefore lived in the third lap of "concentric circle"。

Volume 4: African Literature、Oceania Literature。African Literature and Oceania Literature are not a whole，Because of its short modern history、The degree of interaction with Chinese literature is lower than that of other three continents literature，So merge it in the fourth circle of "concentric circle"。But since the second half of the 20th century，African literature and Oceania literature have undergone profound changes，With the construction of the “Belt and Road” in Africa, great success，Chinese literature and African literature、The connection of the literature of Oceania gradually strengthened，It deserves more attention。

Volume 5: Little minority literature、Literature Literature、Post colonial literature。Since the 1990s，Ethical Literature、Literature Literature、Post -colonial literature and other literary groups or types or types of rapid development。The common feature of these three literature is cross -border，Shut between different cultures、Flowing or scattered between intercontinental and nations、Seek dialogue and identification between mainstream culture and marginal culture。The national and intercontinental characteristics of their writers are often blurred，Full of mixedness。Increased income will be the work of this type of writer since the late 1990s。Based on the above reasons，This book uses these three categories of literature as the most peripheral of the world literature "concentric circular system"。

For contemporary China，The world literature knowledge bet365 Play online games system of more than 70 years is very different from Europe and the United States。We have a long -term study of world literature with the pursuit of modernization of enlightenment education，Breeding in the process、Develop a huge world literary knowledge system，formed a unique view of world literature。Since the 21st century，The pattern of world literature and the global mission of Chinese literature have undergone tremendous changes。People are getting more and more realized，There is no unchanged in 10 %、Set in a world literary concept。The world literature concept of "concentric circle" and the newly compiled "Selection of World Literature Works"，Can establish a strong bond between China and the world，Weaving World Literature and Chinese Literature into a community of Communist Community，So as to present the world's world literature vision in the new era，Meeting the growing global ambitions and demand of Chinese literature。

(Author Unit: School of Literature, Beijing Normal University)