The elderly are one of the important images of literary figure galleries，They often have negative、Relators such as recession or even death。British writers in the past continued to write the elderly image with exquisite art strokes: Qiao Ji tells the story of young wives betraying the elderly husband in "The Story of the Merchant" and "The Story of the Masters"，The aging of the body and the decline of power make him difficult to really have a young and beautiful partner; Shakespeare's "King Lear" puts the aging King of Leal at the tragedy center，The king of high weights cannot get rid of the threat caused by aging and death; the 17th century metaphysics poet John Dimben asked the death of God in the poem "The Ten of the Poetry of the Sacred Fourteen"，Continuing the inquiry of death in traditional Western culture; romantic poetry often shapes the elderly into children's "ghost alchemy"; Victorian literature presents elderly discrimination in society，Display people's anxiety about getting old，For example, Miss Harveham in Dickens's novel "The Great Future" encountered a marriage change，Under the torture of hatred，Become a fearful female Gothic。

Modernist writers' anxiety about aging gradually weakened，The old man in their pen has rich experience，Can understand more complicated social changes。After the 1950s，With the aging aging of British society and more writers enter the ranks of the elderly，The image of the elderly and the topic of turning old gradually moves from the edge of the text to the center，Get more attention。Kingsley Emily、Molly Spack、Margaret Drabul and other writers have used the elderly as the main body of narrative，or describing the dark picture of the old age，or try to rewrite the negative image of the elderly。Elderly writing of contemporary British literature presents diversification、A three -dimensional and profound development trend，Affected and mapping with aging social issues。Doris Lessing，1919-2013) is a very influential writer in the contemporary British literary world，She has been paying attention to the verse group for the elderly for a long time，In the post -creation，She even integrates her aging experience and feelings into the text narrative，Bet365 app download Thinking about the process of aging means what people mean，Exploring the spiritual growth road of middle -aged and elderly people，"It is considered an important contributor to an elderly novel"。The novel "Summer before the Dark" (1973)、"Diary of Jane Summers" (1984)、"Here is again，Love "(1996) presents the experience of female aging，Reveal the survival dilemma of elderly women，Show deep humanistic care for the elderly marginal groups。In addition，Laith's short stories such as "Flying" (1957)、"Old Woman and Cat" (1967)、"Grandma" (2003), etc., also concentrated writing for the elderly。This article takes the elderly image in Ledin's novels as the overall inspection object，Comprehensive use of Lefelhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh、Foucault、Duan Yifu and others' space theory，Analyze the living space crisis of the elderly、Switching of body space, psychological space experience, etc.，Then it evokes people's humanistic care for the elderly group。

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Lexin said different races through specific space imagery、Class and gender status of the elderly for the elderly。In Africa Stories，African veterans represented by the old chief are rooted in the ancient tribal village，Represents the spirit of sacred and inviolability，condense the villagers into a community community。White girls in "Mu Shilangjia" broke into African villages，Seeing a world that is completely different from his father's farm: carefully decorated shed、The lush towering tree、The calm and calm villagers all convey the peaceful and peaceful life atmosphere，Make the village a "calm center of value determined"。The old chief and more than a dozen veterans in the village are sitting under the big tree，Like the Buddha, full of wisdom，Represents sacred and inviolable authority。African veterans can have poetic inhabiting in their own country，But the invasion of the colonial forces broke their peaceful old age。Old chiefs on behalf of the villagers negotiating with the white farm owner's negotiation village to trample on the white farm field，Negotiations ended with failure，Villagers are forced to move to a more remote and barren legal indigenous reserved place。The novel is included in the short story collection "This is the country of the old chief"，Lesith revealed the reality of white colonists invading bet365 best casino games the land of others，Demonstrate your anti -colonial position。The colonists conquer the country of the old chief with force，Disding the community community of African tribes，impacting traditional African culture，African old man is forced to wander，Lost land of mental inhabitation。

The white veterans in the London city in Laicin also encountered the crisis of living space。African veterans are rooted in the rural community，The love and respect of the villagers，Urban veteran is located in a more private and indifferent urban space，More inclined to "tie self -" tie "in the private home world。Home is a archives for storing memory and emotions，Elderly people hope to have an emotional link with the dead life in the familiar home world，Construct a sense of security。The old woman in "Old Woman and Cat" Heti hard pursued his life and set his life，But it is impossible to obtain a living corner that can be called "home"; the place where Modi lives in "Jane Sammers's Diary" is dying，But she still needs to use her life to guard this precarious living space。The pursuit of the old people at the bottom of the city is often decreed in the space crisis of the unspoken office，The tragic encounters of Hetie and Modi revealed the hypocrisy of the welfare society。

When the ruined home cannot be the spiritual inhabiting place of the elderly，Can they have a poetic inhabiting in the nursing home where the welfare society is planned for the elderly? Non also。Foucault believes that the nursing home is the power space of "between the point between the crisis and the place where the difference is deviated"。Elderly people who are regarded as "useless people" are often "exiled" to the edge of society，to ensure the "normal operation" of the mainstream world of capitalism。The elderly in the writing of Ledin continue to resist such power manipulation space，Seeking more free and more dignified elderly life in the escape。Elderly people may be able to escape from the "imprisonment" of the nursing home space through their own efforts and the "transformation" of society，But the physical function that appears in the age of age is declining, but it is difficult to avoid related to the hospital。From the perspective of Foucault，The hospital is "similar to prison"，Power conducts obvious or hidden rules on the body through the hospital。The arrival of an aging society highlights the importance of the hospital。bet365 Play online games With the help of a doctor，The elderly examine the self's body，Make sure good health，Complete the physical rules of the individual。Lexin's encounters that are materialized and objective in the hospital through the elderly，Display the operation of social power institutions，Highlight the passive life situation of the elderly。Non -humanized home space and an institutionalized nursing home、Hospital and other specific space forms say that the survival space of modern elderly people，Highlight Laisin's deep care of the elderly group。

　The physical space of the elderly

The body is the foundation of life，The marks of the years are always engraved on the body，Highlight the difference between the elderly and young people。Aging of the face、Functional degradation、Body discourse such as diseases and other physical discourse all shows the decline of the elderly、Passive life situation。Liefelh believes that "all (society) space begins to the body"，Laith focuses on the physical discourse of the elderly，Highlight the unique life experience of the elderly，Reveal the secret of social and cultural discourse on the physical rules of the elderly。Western civilization's respect for youth and beauty makes people anxious about the aging and body shape caused by the old age，Elderly people pass makeup、Hair dye、Beauty and other forms are dressed as "young people"，But in a society where age discrimination prevails，The rhetoric of the body cannot make the elderly get rid of the predicament of the marginal survival。The elderly dress narrative caused by physical anxiety is the main way to worship the youthful worship prevailed in Western culture。In the short story "Two Old Women and a Young Lady" (1992)，Two late old women try to dress up to sell their memoirs to the publishers，But young publishers alien them into two body symbols of "silver hair" and "golden head"。The aging women are not competitive compared to the young girl next to the seat，The age discrimination in the workplace is full of challenges for the elderly。

From Ledin's view，Hugging to aging is the first step for the elderly to construct a self -identity。Middle -aged female Kate in "Summer Before the Dark" is questioning the role of the wife and mother who is questioning society for women.，Also slowly accept the status quo of physical aging，She refuses her hair、Give up exquisite hairstyles bet365 Play online games and elegant clothing，Then resist men's gaze，By resist the aging of the body through spiritual growth。Mainstream thoughts believe that the elderly not only means the aging of the face，It also includes the decline of passion。Dellez regards the body as a huge desire machine，But only the young body will spill passion，The elderly body is often regarded as static、weak space，The "significance" of becoming old is that it is no longer troubled by passion and desire。Ledin actively challenges the elderly stereotypes that prevail in society，Emphasize that the elderly have the power to pursue love。In the novel "I'm here，Love，Ledin tells the story of Bill, the actor Bill, who is younger than herself,。This love story that spans the age is exciting，But it is also covered with thorns、Unwilling。Sara's love story eventually ended in failure，She gradually accepts her elderly identity，But the process of pursuing love makes Sara's old life more colorful。

The elderly body is not only considered to lack passion，and is often tag on fragile and disease。In the last stage of life，The elderly often lose their ability to control their bodies，Facing the body's betrayal is caught in boundless fear。"Jane Sammers's Diary" in detail describes the drowning of the elderly、incontinence and other physical disorder，reveals the shame brought to the elderly in the body crisis，Call on people to respond to the elderly to express more care。Body space is a way to reveal the survival dilemma of the elderly，The physical crisis caused by aging troubles the elderly group，They may be able to resist the body's recession through spiritual growth。

　　Psychological space of the elderly

Space includes both material dimensions and mental dimensions，The exploration of the psychological space of middle -aged and elderly people can present more three -dimensional and dynamic elderly space map。Jung Psychology and Sophieism and other theories provide theoretical basis for exploring the psychological space of the elderly，Lexin comprehensively uses memories during the narrative process、Diary and Dreams and other narrative methods，The journey of the old -fashioned women's old -age minds and complex elderly psychology，Emphasize the road of constructing the identity of the elderly。

Memories narrative is the elderly visiting life，A kind of important way to look back at the dead scenery。It provides a bet365 Play online games long -distance aesthetic photo，Effectively connect history and the present，Not only is it conducive to the elderly for self -healing and identity reconstruction，And can provide life inspiration for young audiences。In "Jane Sammer's Diary"，Modi's memory to Jian presents a process of generating a stubborn old woman who strives to defend the dignity of life，Emphasize the dynamic construction of the elderly identity，At the same time, it also enlighten the self -rendext self -life。The novel is created in the form of a diary，But subverting the strict labeling of the traditional diary on the date，Memories of Modi and Jane's work in the magazine，Use the past alternately、At the time of the current and the future。This unique narrative method is settled in various life stages while deconstructing the linear time。Life is an endless river，Everyone cannot avoid the arrival of aging，Jane continuously reviews history in the present description，Looking forward to the future，Get the mental strength facing the old age in the process of taking care of Modi。

Dreams are also an important way to show the psychological world of the middle -aged and elderly people。From the view of Jung，Dreamland is a portrayal of the inner self of the dreamer。"Seal) dreams that appear repeatedly in" Summer Before the Dark "symbolize the protagonist Kate's exploration of self -unconsciousness。Summer before going out of the family，Kate was closed (Sealed) on the role of the wife and mother of the traditional society for women and mothers。Kate's journey of departure from home is echoing with the dreams of repeated saving seals，The injured seal represents the true self of Sealed，When Kate sent the seal back to the embrace of the sea，She also gains the power of growth，Hug the new self that is moving towards aging。

The image of the elderly runs through the long way of creation of Ledin。The African elderly in the African story she created in the early days symbolized the traditional African culture and historical memory，The invasion of colonial forces makes it difficult for it to realize the wish of "old -fashioned"，Lauxin's survival space of African veterans Criticize the destructive of colonial forces。Under the influence of the "fear of the old" culture in the capitalist society，The living space of the elderly in the city is severely squeezed。Ledin expresses deep sympathy for the old man on the Bet365 lotto review edge of the society。She integrates her old experience into the story of her middle -aged and elderly people，Emphasize that middle -aged and elderly people should face the age challenge，Realize the transcendence from paying attention to the body to attention，Pursuing a rich spirit to construct a different old age landscape。Elderly life has been sublimated in Risins: "Here，Love "old man pursues romantic love，Add poetic colors to the life of the elderly; Modi in "Jane Sammers's Diary" gets brief care，The common body bond across the family warms his old age; the old man in "Flying" bravely face reality，The intergenerational link built by the family prompts the elderly to gain spiritual growth。The writing of the elderly in Ledin is rich in a variety of elderly life pictures，Constructing a variety of possibilities of life in old age。

　　(Author is an associate professor at the School of Foreign Language of Foreign Languages ​​of Fujian Normal University)