A subject history as a discipline in science，The core content of the study of astronomical history is mainly around human beings、History of Knowledge and Research，Historically world model、astronomical instrument、Astronomical Observation、Astronomical Theory、Astronomical method、Astronomical figures、astronomical institutions, etc. as research objects，Analysis of the development of the scientific level and the gradual improvement process。But the facts proof，If only from the perspective of the history of knowledge development，Putting the research goals of astronomy history on the excavation and argumentation of "scientificity" of astronomy knowledge in history，Then it will make the work in this field generate great limitations，It is difficult to produce greater knowledge effect。Actually，Like the general science category，Astronomy is also an important part of the human knowledge system，Play a very important role in the history of human civilization。So，It seems necessary to discuss the history of astronomy from the perspective of civilization。History of astronomy is an important area of ​​the history of civilization，It can be understood from the following aspects。

First，Astronomy is one of the earliest natural knowledge categories in the development of civilization，Naturally, it will become Bet365 app download an important content of early civilization research。When talking about "study the development of the order of various departments of natural sciences"，Engels used astronomy as the earliest natural science department: "First of all, astronomy -alone for the season，Nomadic and agricultural nations definitely need it。"Although Engels only cited the example of" fixed season "here，and from this perspective, the importance of astronomy to the nomadic and agricultural nations that are highly dependent on season，But his judgment of the natural knowledge of astronomy knowledge is reasonable。Because，Some basic order and laws of time and space，Arrange your own various activities，This is undoubtedly a very basic problem that needs to be solved in early civilization development。It's hard to imagine，No distinction at the year, month, month and day、In the case of not discerning east -west, north and south，How a civilization will organize and manage your social activities。Ancient，It can solve this problem for humans in the most significant and reliable way，There are only about those hanging on it、Understand the obvious body and celestial phenomenon。The movement cycle of the sun, moon and stars provides the most convenient time label ruler for humans，Their outlets have become the most intuitive directional guidelines。

Of course，On the one hand，Due to the height of celestial body and celestial phenomenon，Overall gives a magnificent impression，On the other hand，They also solved the most basic time and space knowledge Bet365 app download for the ancestors，So astronomy often naturally integrates into the original myth and belief，In most cases，There will even be a completely incompetent situation。

Second，Although the word Astronomy mentioned today comes from the combination of the Greek noun "star" and "rule" or "cognition"，But this is not to say that there is no astronomy before the Greeks，Not to say that there is no astronomy outside Greece。Due to its importance，Astronomy has been developed in the world's major civilizations，So as an important subject in the research of these history of civilization。Egypt、Two River Basin、India、China，In ancient times, there were knowledge areas corresponding to this，It's just that they are names、Form、Methods and Focus on the focus may be different。Different similarity，The password of civilization is often hidden。and the diversification and complex development of social activities in various civilizations，The requirements for systemic and refinedness of time and space knowledge will continue to increase，From this promoting the sustainable development of astronomy。At the same time，Astronomy and other society、More complex fusion and interaction between culture and knowledge units，From this, more problems worthy of serious research。

Last，Astronomy is still very active and even guided knowledge door category in cross -civilized communication，Therefore, the history of astronomy exchanges is often Bet365 app download an important content of the study of the history of civilization。For example，Ancient Greece Bet365 lotto review absorbed a lot of content in the two river basins and Egyptian astronomy，Astronomy also belongs to the field of knowledge that is prioritized in the translation of translation in the large communication from Greece to Arabia and later.。Of course，and China and India、Arabic and European civilizations such as Arab and Europe。Exchange and spread with astronomy hardcore content，Often there are a lot of soft cultural content。instead of whether it is a hard kernel or a soft attachment，will produce further deformation and development in the collision and fusion of local knowledge，Become a fascinating complex academic problem。

Astronomy was one of the most developed natural knowledge areas in ancient China，It is completely unique in the astronomy of ancient civilizations，Is the biggest representative of the so -called "Oriental Astronomy"。Start from the era of history can be tested，Astronomy has created close contact with the authority of Heaven and Regime，The official also has special officials and institutions to organize and manage the organization，thus becoming an authentic "official learning"。From the visible historical materials，This tradition continues until the Qing Dynasty，Basically no interruption is seen。Starting from the Western Han Dynasty，The development of this "official science" was still recorded in the history of the official correction in the development of the "official studies"，Become the "Astronomy" (also known as "Heavenly Guan Book" and "Tianshi") and "Licer" (based on the corresponding concepts bet365 Play online games of Lizhu and Tian Shi，"Han Book" to "Sui Shu" will merge the law of law and life，Captured "Law Calendar")。until this time，The official system of ancient Chinese astronomy has basically formed。Although there are many researchers，But basically the official system is guided。

The division of the chapter of Zhengshi actually represents the two core branches of the official astronomy system in ancient China，The so -called "astronomy" and "calendar"。"Astronomy" content mainly includes the body of heaven、Sky Elephant Monitoring、Time service and astronomical instrument，and "Calendar" (also known as "Spell") cover the research、Calendar calculation and celestial forecast。In addition to these contents that belong to the scientific category today，"astronomy" also includes astronomical occupation，"Calendar" contains the arrangement of daily gods and Yiyi。These contents are completely non -scientific today，But it is an important content in the ancient official astronomy system。

Most of the research on the history of Chinese astronomical history is mostly developed from the history of pure knowledge，So far the most achievements have also been the most。Relatively speaking，Research from the perspective of civilization is relatively small，Among them, the most systematic masterpiece is the "astronomy volume" in Li Joseph's "History of Chinese Science and Technology"。Where，Li Joseph puts ancient Chinese astronomy in the context of the history of civilization，With the development of western astronomy as the Bet365 lotto review reference system，Discuss the development of ancient Chinese astronomy from the origin，Until the efforts of the Jesuit of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, they are in accordance with European astronomy，In the end, the process of universal characteristics of modern astronomy。Unfortunately，"Astronomical Volume" is too short，It is far from being fully covered in history、A rich ancient Chinese astronomy。and，His historical method of writing the end point of modern science is also a typical Hugg history.。

Study the history of Chinese astronomy from the perspective of civilization，The most important thing is to break through simple knowledge history，Discussion on the history of astronomy knowledge in the large framework of Chinese civilization。Research on astronomical social history is a good attempt in this area，At present, it has also achieved rich results。Another series of works that have emerged in the field of astronomy and archeology in recent years，In the early development of astronomical knowledge and their cultural roles, many new revelations。Another astronomical image、Research on the direction of cross -cultural astronomy exchange，It is currently in the ascendant stage，Vitality。The next，It should be a further integrated research，Explore new research paradigm，Pioneering new research direction，Further promote the deep integration of the history of astronomy and the history of civilization。

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(The author is the director of the Department of Science and Technology and Science and Technology of the University of Science and Technology of China、Professor)