As of October 2021，Social Media Platform Facebook (Facebook) has more than 2.9 billion people around the world，accounting for 37.18%of the global total population，On average, one person uses Facebook every 2.7 people。If you are unable to use the communication tools, children and middle -aged and elderly groups，Facebook's global user ratio will be higher。At the same time，According to the financial report of Facebook Company，The company's advertising revenue reached 54 billion U.S. dollars in the first six months of 2021，The growth rate is amazing。Simply look at the number of users and profitability，This social media platform established in 2004，Miracle created in just 17 years，It has made many long -standing and well -known traditional news media institutions in the same way。The rapid rise of Facebook，A vivid example shows the turbulent changes brought about by the "meta technology" revolution for the spread of human society。

　　Bet365 app download

From the perspective of information communication，The so -called "Yuan Technology"，refers to the basic position in many information communication technology、Technical form that plays the foundation role。During the evolution of the history of human communication，There have been too many communication technologies，Whether it is "Book in Bamboo"，Still "cast it with a replacement"，Technical devices with different technical links and forms，Often interdependence，No technology has achieved an absolute advantageous position，and decide with your own special status and other technical links。But the emergence of digital technology，Change all this。Contemporary Communication Activities，All other information communication technology creation、Replace，All need to be based on digital technology，Leave it，Not only other information communication technology may be unable to survive，Corresponding communication activities are also difficult to achieve。In other words，Digital technology is "State in many information communication technologies、Placing the foundation role "。

Digital technology as "meta technology" is "technology in technology"，Unique position with foundation，Creation of other information communication technology、Expansion and social effects，It cannot be separated from it。But digital technology status is important，Not to say that the "meta technology" revolution is the digital technology revolution。The "Yuan Technology" Revolution is the process of continuously accumulated and superimposed technology system based on digital technology。It is during this continuous expansion of the technical system，The social effect of the "Yuan Technology" revolution has continued to emerge，Human communication pattern continues to mutate。

For the news industry，"Yuan Technology" revolution has made the news industry from "closed" to "open"。The emergence of "meta technology" and the advent of the digital age，A stream of media forms with different Bet365 lotto review forms appear，"Media Jungle" based on digital technology deeply embedded in information life of social life, especially social individuals。Final，This continuous process of digital technology embedded in social life broke the closed system of traditional journalism，New news industry came into being。and a newspaper industry、Magazine、Traditional journalisms based on radio and television, etc.，Today's headline、Facebook、The new journalism represented by the Herfenton Post, etc., started in "Yuan Technology"，Bring "Digital Gene" when starting。The importance of traditional journalism，It is the core position of myself in the entire information dissemination process and the specification of the entire information process。Because of this，It especially emphasizes the authority of information producers，Very emphasis on the unique social status in the social system，Intentionally or unintentionally reject the public on its own communication practice activities，This is a very prominent "media center view"。New Journalism is different，It is an open information communication system，Relying on the logic of "scattered dots" in the online society，From the date of establishment，Incorporate information users into their own communication process。The evolution of the media logic from the "Media Center" to the open interactive scattered point spread，It indicates that the end of the traditional journalism industry is the end，New News is joining all aspects of news spread at the unimaginable speed and endless new appearance，Deeply changed and will continue to change the communication ecology of the journalism。

For the individual，New Patterns of Communication brought by "Yuan Technology"，Make them no longer the "onlookers" and passive information receivers in the traditional journalist，But the new news industry will do everything possible to attract users (not only "use" information products spread or produced by other users present in the new news industry，Also produced and spread information products that other users are interested in)。So far，Information individual is no longer an object rejected by traditional journalism，Through "meta technology", it becomes an indispensable part of the new news industry; the new news industry has also built its own platform with "meta technology"，褫 褫 褫 褫 褫 褫 褫 褫 褫 褫 褫 褫。

　　Traditional journalist faces structural crisis

The advantages of traditional journalism and the dilemma they are facing now，All related to the evolution of the communication structure，can be described as "Chengye Structure，Loss also structure "。According to Sociologist Anthony Gadenus，The structure is "the rules and resources used repeatedly in the process of social system reproduction"。For the social subsystem of traditional journalism，There are two more prominent configuration resources it depends on the configuration resources: one is the propagation technology device; the other is to receive the public public of its news products。Since the 19th century，Volkswagen Communication becomes a common state of traditional journalism，This requires the preparators of traditional news institutions to have ample capital bet365 live casino games purchase technology devices，can meet the minimum requirements of news production in the mass communication environment。This high threshold formed a solid and abnormal industry barriers，While excluding the general public，Let the traditional journalist have a substantial monopoly advantage，It also forms a relatively closed、Communication system with obvious exclusive characteristics。

This exclusion，It is also reflected in the creation and adherence of the traditional journalist's professional concept system。"Journal of Journalism" with "authenticity", "objectiveness" and "publicity" built the professional concept system of traditional journalism。From the perspective of structured and reproduction,，The professional concept system has "duality"。First，It is a traditional journalist to win public trust、Get the authoritative resources of the "legitimacy" of the society。Through it，Traditional journalism can enhance your position in the social system，Winning the persistent trust of the public。Second，It is also the industry rule that traditional news industry maintains its own reappearance。For individual news practitioners，Only upholds such a journalistic professional concept，Only to win respect in personal career; for news institutions，This kind of journalism concept is to gather professional spirit、Zhang Yang career ideal、Important pointers to guide news practice; for the entire industry of traditional journalism，The professional concept system finally determines its position in the entire social system and the sustainability of future development。

"Yuan Technology" revolution breaks the relatively stable structured logic logic of traditional journalism。From the perspective of structural resources，In the previous communication technology changes，Traditional journalism can not only compete for opportunity，And can completely place those new communication technology devices under your own control。Correspondingly，The public as another kind of allocated resource，It is still a system reproduction resource that traditional journalism can allocate。The emergence of digital technology，Change all this。For traditional journalism，The original technical monopoly advantage also created the self -self -thinking inertia of this industry，It seems to be numb for the advent of the "meta technology" revolution based on digital technology，Not actively view。Very different from it，The tide of the new news industry is at the fastest speed、The most full enthusiasm embraced "Yuan Technology"，And in a short time in a few years or even more than ten years, it has achieved the achievements that traditional journalism spent for decades or even a hundred years.。For information dissemination，"Yuan Technology" has compressed the cost and cost of information production。1922，Silvia Bicci Publishing James Joyce's "Ulisis"，Almost exhausted all home，Joyce changes every word，Almost all of the workflows must be adjusted; news production in newspapers and radio and television industry in the 1980s，Although greatly improved the effectiveness，But the production process of "leading the whole body" brought about by the subtle modification still has the information production of traditional Bet365 lotto review journalism。Since the 21st century，Digital new communication technology with neither material nor energy，Free correction of information products in a very short time、Splicing and combination，You can spread the speed of light。No doubt，The new journalism of the "Yuan Technology" at the beginning of the establishment of the self -founding，In the new communication environment, not only has the opportunity to develop its own development，It has even triggered the structured reproduction crisis of traditional journalism。

"Turnover Not Spiritual"，It is also an important manifestation of the structural and reproduction crisis of traditional journalism。The rules and resources of as news production，Vocational concept establishes its own social status in the traditional journalist、In the process of continuing reproduction, it can be described as "the meritorious"，But the new news industry does not take these ideas as the necessary condition for its own operation，They value the configuration resource that has long -term retaining advantages in traditional journalism -the public。So，They are innovative with "meta technology"，Provide a variety of information products including news including news，In just a few years, it has "eaten" the "public site" of traditional journalism。

　　Hybrid journalism is emerging

Innovative pace of digital technology，This is a dazzling "Digital Technology Star Cluster"，As a "meta -technology" revolution as a technical system, a wave is higher than one wave，Continue to move forward。This leads to the synchronization of the two social phenomena。One is the "technicalization of technology" and "media"。Emerging media with different forms of different forms have become increasingly becoming the "component" of modern people，Human beings are no longer the subject of "pure and pure" in the previous concept，Just as Langdon Winner said，"Humans are becoming more and more like an electronic man in a science fiction novel -computer -based organic body"。Human beings seem to be the leader (subject) who are conducive to all things (objects) and above all things，From a certain extent,，Human beings are becoming "extension of technology" and "media extension"。The second is the "humanization" and "intelligent" of technology。In human history，Technology (device) was originally replaced by some human (or animal) physical work、Tools that make humans get rid of the dilemma of physical labor，But since the 20th century，The development of artificial intelligence has gradually enabled technology to gain intelligence and self -consciousness。Even more，2021，Schola Tibbit, a scholar at MIT, pointed out in its new Things Fall Together，Things that get consciousness and intelligence can be combined by yourself，Real -reappearance of human participation。Actually，such vision，It has long been realized in the field of information communication，The "intelligent" and "humanization" of future information production will also be greatly expanded。The actual situation of the global journalism industry，We can also find，A new form of journalism based on the technical "humanization", "intelligent" Bet365 app download and "technical" and "media" -hybrid news industry is emerging。

Different from the previous news format，The most prominent feature of the hybrid news industry is，It is no longer a journalist under the dominance of human subjects，Its operating process will no longer be transferred by human will，The "Digital Technology Star Cluster" as a non -human element is fully penetrated into the capillaries and fine branches of the news industry，Human elements and non -human elements are "symmetrical" terrain shaping the movement and pattern of the future journalist。Scientific Socialist Bruno Latour believes，for a long time，Humans have an illusion -regarding society as the existence of the simple operation of human subjects。In fact，Humans are not in the "society of society"，but "connected society"，The latter requires the role and status of "non -human entities" elements in practice。Therefore，The birth of modern people，is the result of the United，But they thought they were born because of "purification" (emphasizing human factor)! In other words，Modernization of modern people、Absolute，In fact, it does not exist。If it is said before the 20th century，The mechanism of technology and its device on human society is often hidden and failed，Therefore, it is ignored by humans，So today in the 21st century，The so -called "non -human entity" element of Latur's status and role in contemporary society, especially in the field of information communication, is increasingly open。

New format of news that plays an important role as a non -human entity，Hybrid journalism shows the following more prominent features。First，Is an infinite connection。Social individuals and groups that previous journalism are connected are limited、It can be known。Even the user's extensive authoritative news media，Objects it touched，With the support of the tools such as statistics and market surveys，Its appearance is roughly clear and distinguished。Hybrid news industry presents a combination of "human medium" and "intelligent technology"、Dynamic network that penetrates human entities and non -human entities，What kind of individual will be in where will it be、In what method to join and participate in this dynamic network，It is unknown; intelligent technology，To what extent will it change the operating status of this network，I often can't catch it。Second，is open。In terms of the relationship between the journalism and technology and its device，In the past, the journalist had the ability to completely place the technology and its device under its own control，Place the entire information transmission process in its own control，Therefore, a relatively closed communication system was formed。The emergence of "Digital Technology Star"，Change this situation: The news industry can no longer maintain its own media center status through technology and its device，The initiative of the public and the influence that can be exerted greatly reduced; it allows individuals to have the possibility of connecting information to the dynamic network through technology and their devices，Hybrid journalism has become an unprecedented open space。Last，Is process。Past news production passed Bet365 app download through a series of standardized links，In the end, it will create a news product in a state of "completion"。but in the hybrid news industry，More news products will be in a "unfinished" state。The emergence of this situation，Related to non -professional journalist producers of "technical" and "media"，It is also added with "humanized" and "intelligent" technology (device) to the news information "production -dissemination" network.。

The connection and fusion of people and non -human elements，Rise of the news industry of hybrids，Therefore, the boundary between traditional journalism and new journalism is more blurred。"Digital Technology Star Cluster", a non -human entity element, will become the bridge of traditional journalism and new journalism in the future，will also further promote the weakening of the two，Jointly promote the expansion of the news industry of hybrids。

　　Future news industry is facing uncertainty

"Yuan Technology" revolution has led to the in -depth connection of the journalist and social systems，It also led to the "liquefaction" of the journalism of the social subsystem and the weakening of its boundary。Social medium、The two -way penetration of the media socialization、Interacting with each other、The trend of mutual shaping is getting more and more obvious。In this process，New human entities and non -human entities are constantly constructed，The production of these elements further forms a broader、More complex social relations network，Then expands the combination and connection method between different entities。Actionmen who were originally on the edge of news interaction，It may go to the core area of ​​information dissemination; while in the past and now in the leader of news practice，It is possible to become marginalized in the relationship network。

Structural reproduction of existing news industry，It is also facing a new communication pattern due to the "meta technology" revolution。For traditional journalism，It has been controlled by proud communication technology and its device，It is difficult to continue to maintain unique communication advantages in future news communication activities。A century ago，The "professional concept system" that traditional journalism establishes an authoritative position in the society has also become stormy in the new environment of "meta technology"。In particular, it is worth noting that，This is the foundation of the traditional news industry，In the case of unprecedented dilemma in traditional journalism，Actually abandoned by some traditional news institutions "Speed ​​Conditions"，This is actually a move of "drinking and quenching thirst"，Further weakened rather than strengthening the advantages of traditional journalism。It has the rules and resource advantages of the scenery.，Its status is not as good as before。Different，The new journalist that conforms to the "meta -technology" revolution trend will attack the city，Existing technical advantages，There is no "restraint" of the traditional journalism concept system，They are invincible，Enter the site of the traditional journalist in a very short period of time。The formation of this situation of the world，In the two attitudes and use of the "meta technology" of "digital technology bet365 best casino games stars"。Although the traditional journalism industry swept the society in the "meta technology" revolution，Slowly shoot，But it is currently passively stepped into this new field; the new journalism industry is advancing at high songs，It is also often separated from career specifications，Multi -questioned question。Development of the future news industry，Except for traditional journalism and new journalism, it grows up and supplements each other，When a new network of social relations that integrates into non -human entities，Both also need to pay attention to the "uncertainty" of information dissemination -this "uncertainty" is the inherent attribute of the hybrid journalist，It will also have an impact on traditional journalism and new journalisms that are blurred by borders。

In the future news industry，Another important issue worthy of close attention，is the monopoly phenomenon of platform enterprises。Look objectively，Platform enterprise as an important institution for news production and distribution，Its social influence and penetration of the public have surpassed traditional news agencies to some extent。At the same time，Platform enterprise and the inherent "meta technology" advantage，Many giant platforms have formed a natural monopoly。As shown in this article，Facebook that conforms to the "Yuan Technology" Revolution，The structural advantage and monopoly position of information reproduction have been formed，But it also brings potential threats to information dissemination including news。From this perspective，Platform advantage in the future news industry、Platform monopoly and its consequences，Especially need to be given continuous research。

　　(This article is the Study of the National Social Science Foundation Project "Research on the rise of the journal crisis and hybrid journalism" (21bxw107) phased achievement)

(The author is a researcher at the School of Journalism of Fudan University; Executive Dean of the School of Journalism of Fudan University、Professor)