October 2018，I was invited to go to Stanford University for academic lectures，I once visited the East Asia Library of Berkeley University，Approved by Zhou Xinping Pavilion，View some files，Among them, the nine academic communication letters of Zhao Yuanren and Deng Yiyu。Current，These contents are not recorded in "Zhao Yuan Ren's Chronicles" and "Zhao Yuan Ren Biography"。

Deng Yiyu (1905-1988) is a modern historian、Sinologator、Library Literature acer，Pioneering for Sinology in the United States。Many sinologists engaged in Sinology research in the United States have cooperated many times with him，Published too many influential works。

1935，Deng Yuyu graduated from the History Department of Yanjing University，Two years of teaching for two years，Starting with American sinologists、Then the director of the Department of Philosophy of Yanjing University Bo Chenuang，Joint English translation "Yan's Family Training"。1937，Deng Yiyu Ying Heng Muyi Invitation，Go to the U.S. Congress Library，Edited "The Biography of Celebrities in the Qing Dynasty"，Responsible for the writing of 33 characters during the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom period。1938，Deng Yiyu after completing his responsibility，The second batch of graduate students funded by Yanjing University，Go to Harvard University，Reading a doctorate degree。

During studying at Harvard University，Deng Yiyu joined the Harvard University Chinese Student Association，Lead and go to Harvard in 1940 to go to Harvard to study Dr. Monday，Co -responsible for the work of the Student Union。

August 1938，Zhao Yuanren went to teach for one year as a guest professor to the Oriental Research Institute of the University of Hawaii。1939-1941，He accepts invitation to Yale University again，As a visiting professor，Live in No. 644, Orange Street, New Hei, New Head, Kangzhou。

The communication between Deng Yiyu and Zhao Yuanren began in 1941。early 1941，Harvard University Student Union organized an activity，The theme of "Chinese Thought"，Invite Chinese aesthetic scholars from February to March，Several series of public lectures for international students at Harvard University。

From the 8th box of "Zhao Yuan Ren Archives", Zhao Yuanren and Deng Yiyu's correspondence letters，We can see one written on January 11, 1941、After signed by Deng Yiyu, it issued、English invitation letter from the "Harvard University Chinese Student Association"。In the text，In addition to the purpose of the bet365 best casino games invitation lecture、Content、Speech topic and last reply time (February 20)，List of the invited person。This，Scholars invited to attend the lecture have eight digits。where，We are familiar with Ye Lisui (February 5)、Zhao Yuanren (February 19)、Lin Yutang (March 12)、Hu Shi (March 25)。.

We can know from the address of the invitation letter，Zhao Yuanren lived in No. 644, Orange Street, Nurtine City, Kangzhou。During this time (1939-1941)，He is a visiting professor at Yale University, USA，and two courses at Yale University: Chinese reading and Chinese rhyme。Later，He also offers a Cantonese course。

January 2, 1941，Deng Yiyu before issuing an invitation，The name of the Chinese Student Association of Harvard University，and Monday Lianglian name given Zhao Yuanren an explanation letter，The full text of the content of the letter is as follows:

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Please forgive us first.

This time，I heard that you are too humble，I can't thank。We have a little responsibility in the Student Union，So I have explained this letter。The purpose of the lecture this time is academic，Maybe it is a promotional。We want to be in this campus that does not pay attention to China，Arisp everyone’s interest and understanding，Nothing to promote Guoguang。The topic is roughly chinese through (Chinese thought) category，Contents can also be involved。We want to，How can you discuss the characteristics of the characteristics of Chinese language and the relationship between Chinese thought，Even if you talk about pure language problems。"Realism of the Famous Man"，​​We just need to talk about the topic twist。If this lecture is full of foreign lectures，No Chinese scholar participated，It seems to be inappropriate。So we hope to consider it twelve points，Huiran promise!

Wishes, well!

Deng Yiyu, Monday Liang Remember

After receiving a letter from Deng Yiyu and Monday Liang Liang's joint letter，Presumably hesitated for a few days。but，From the perspective of a Chinese scholar's sense of responsibility，He still agrees to go to，and the content of the recently published papers "conversion" as the content of the speech，Determine the final speech is: "The rhythm and structure of Chinese words"。This reply，Zhao Yuanren was written in English，The author translates as follows。See how he explained this conversion in the letter:

    Dear Mr. Deng:

Please forgive me so late to answer your inquiries on my speech questions。I really have nothing suitable for this series，You and Mr. Zhou also asked me to "convert this topic" for me，Make everything in line with my wishes，What should I do for this career，I accepted the invitation boldly，I have，It was in the Provencence in December last year，A paper read at a meeting organized by the American Language Society，This paper is a bit technical and boring，And the promise of "Language" magazine。but but，I try to "change"，Change it to title: The rhythm and structure of Chinese words。If you think you should change，Please tell me。

January 14, 1941

In the "Zhao Yuan Ren Chronicles" published in the 2001 Commercial Printing Library，We can understand: December 30-31, 1940，Zhao Yuan's couple went to Provedenus，Meeting of the American Language Society (LSA)。will be on it，The topic read out is word concept (concept of the word)。From the dissertation ("Concept of Words")，To the content of the speech "The Rhythm and Structure of Chinese Words"，This conversion method is indeed relatively large。

About 1941 content，Just from April，Zhao Yuanren decided to accept Harvard University hire，Leaving Yale University Start Record，There is no record of the content of the content of academic speaking activities on Harvard University from January to February。From this，Many books written by biographies in "Zhao Yuan Ren"，No record of this academic activity is seen。

April 1941，Director of the Department of Language Department of Harvard University，and Harvard Yanjing Academy President, Professor Ye Lisui, has invited Zhao Yuan as an editor dictionary of Harvard University，One year。August 1943，Zhao Yuanren began to be responsible for the course of the US Army Special Training Course。So，July 1941，Zhao Yuanren left Yale University，Go to Boston, where Harvard University is located，Check in No. 27, Cambridge Pedestrian Street, Massachusetts，Starting work and life at Harvard University，and live here for six years，Here is the activity center of Chinese people。where，Hu Shi、Jin Yuelin、Fei Xiaotong、Lin Yutang、Qian Xuesen、Zhou Peiyuan and others，I have come here all the time。Harvard China Student Association、Tsinghua Student Association and other student organizations have held a meeting at Zhao Yuan Ren's house。

1942-1944，Due to Deng Yiyu and Zhao Yuanren at the University of Chicago、Harvard University host the course of the US Army Special Training Class，Two people explore the teaching methods of the teaching methods，Save it，Two seals collected in "Zhao Yuan Ren Archives"。

December 1941，The outbreak of the Pacific War，U.S. after the war against Japan，The U.S. Army's need for foreign war，At Harvard University、Stanford University、The University of Chicago and other 25 well -known universities have launched the "Army Special Training Class" Bet365 app download course，English name Army Special Training Program (referred to as ASTP)。If the Chinese teaching method of various universities before the war，It will not be able to meet actual needs。For this，Chinese scholars who undertake teaching tasks have to improve Chinese teaching methods。They try to strengthen language training for students，Pay attention to the listening and spoken expression of modern Chinese in teaching。Before the Pacific War，Chinese teaching content in many universities in the United States，It is mainly an ancient Chinese opened to cultivate sinologists，Pay attention to the reading and grammar analysis of ancient Chinese，Ignore its application in life。

June 1942，The University of Chicago is commissioned by the US Army，Established Oriental Research Institute，Executive Dean is Deng Yiyu (also the director of the Far East Library)。Course started at the University of Chicago，It was called "Chinese Language and History Special Training Class" at the time，Training starts from August 1942，End in March 1944，One year earlier than Harvard University，Deng Yiyu is responsible for and worked as a class teacher，Gu Liya, an American sinologist in Zhida University, also participated in the lecture。Purpose of training，It is a trainee who asked for training to understand Chinese culture and customs，Can read Chinese newspapers，and can speak in Chinese，so as to better work in the future。Special training courses are divided into two parts，First, language learning course，The second is regional research course。Language Study Course 17 hours of lessons per week，The textbook adopted by Deng Yiyu and Gu Liya jointly wrote，For example, "Chinese Newspapers and Press", "Translation and Selection Exercise of Chinese Newspapers and Press"。Textbooks on spoken language，It is also a textbook made by Deng Yiyu。Based on this，In 1947, he was based on the special training course of the special training class，Sencing and publishing the sixth textbook "Social Chinese and Grammar Note"，Published by the University of Chicago。

August 1943，Harvard University holds Chinese、Two special training courses in Japanese，End of December 1944。Zhao Yuanren was responsible for hosted the work of Chinese special training class，The combination of listening and speaking methods in teaching，Think of ways to make students contact more language learned，Listen more。Yang Liansheng, who is studying for a doctorate degree, was particularly appreciated due to his outstanding performance，Among the more than 20 teaching assistants of the Chinese Department，Specially applied bet365 Play online games for a lecturer's position。Later，Yang Lian Sheng also assisted Zhao Yuan Ren to write a popular book "Getting Started by Mandarin"。According to the record of "Zhao Yuan Ren"，After a few months of training，Although the students' scores are good or bad，But you can speak Chinese。as exercise，Students edited their own short dramas; some students learned to write Chinese characters。They said that there is a "Dagong" in China，So I held a "Big Private News"。

1943，Yale University established the Far East Chinese Research Institute，The founder and the first dean are Jin Shouzhuo。Teaching uses pinyin method，The first textbook Speak Chinese used ("Chinese Word") was from Jin Shouzhuo、Hedman edited，Published by Henry Holt Press in 1944，Fang Zhaoyi, a beauty scholar who studied a beautiful scholar, wrote a preface for the book。After publishing the textbook of the training session, Chinese Dialogue ("Chinese Dialogue")，The system of Chinese textbooks for Yale University is developed based on these two books。

August 19, 1943，At this time, Deng Yiyu has presided over the US special training class at the University of Chicago.。Before，He has borrowed a book of a traditional Roman word Pinyin method from Zhao Yuanren。During the teaching process，Especially encountering some problems in spoken teaching methods，He found that this method is not suitable for learning。So，His letter from the linguist Zhao Yuanren，Ask for advice and teaching，The content of the English letter is now translated as follows:

　　Dear Professor Zhao:

Subtracts for Chinese characters used by the Chinese Communists，Thank you for your generosity,Allow me for a long time，I'm sorry we have not returned。

Current，I am opening a Chinese session enhancement course for 45 service personnel。I find it difficult to clearly explain the grammatical structure of Chinese spoken language。Unfortunate is，Your Chinese grammar book is not collected in this library。You are willing to lend us，or sell it to your copy of this theme book，Or recommend some other similar books written in Western Chinese?

Another，You can tell me frankly，Do you think of Professor C.H. Kennedy's teaching method of the Romanization system? Obviously，He has been working hard to promote his system nationwide。I know you are busy，but but，We really need your help，We will definitely thank you for your help。

   Professor C.H. Kennedy described by Deng Yiyu in the letter is Jin Shouzhuo。Zhao Yuanren came to Harvard University，I was engaged in language teaching at Yale University，Learn more about the situation of Jin Shouzhuo。Draf Draft from Zhao Yuan Ren Renxun，Bet365 lotto review English handwriting is written in the blank space of Deng Yingyu's letter，The handwriting is very scribble，We can't accurately identify it for a while，The official printing letter is not saved at present。but，We can know from the records of "Zhao Yuan Ren's Chronicles"，Harvard University uses the combination of listening and speaking and direct methods。He does not agree with the traditional Roman word pinyin method to teach。

The language teaching method used in this kind of war training，enable Americans to at least grasp the ability of the lowest level in the short time in a short time，This has an important impact on Chinese teaching in the United States after the war。Post -war，Harvard University、Yale University、University of Chicago、Colombia University has broken the existing Chinese teaching mode，Try to absorb the advantages of language teaching methods during war，and incorporate it into a regular university classroom teaching。More important thing is，Chinese training during wartime breaks through the inherent concept of Americans for Chinese。For a long time，Americans once regarded Chinese as the most fearful language in the world。But，Short -term Chinese training course in wartime，Make a large number of Americans speak Chinese，This undoubtedly greatly enhances the confidence of American learning Chinese。For most American youths，Chinese is no longer an irreplaceable obstacle。So，The number of students who rushed to Chinese classrooms after the war increased significantly compared to before。

March 23, 1962，Deng Yuyu, then director of the Department of History of the University of Indiana，Zhao Yuanren，Ask the second chapter of "Teaching Children" related questions。Zhao Yuanren quickly wrote a reply，and directly、No reservation point out that it is not rigorous enough。At the end，He also specially attached: "I realize，No one sought my opinion，I will give them suggestions。But as an old man，I can't help saying what I really think will be helpful。”

1966，English translation "Yan's Family Training" was published by the British E.J. Brill Press，1968、Repecked in 1969，and added related content。Deng Yiyu in the "Translation Statement" section，Introduction to this translation of twists and turns、The hard translation process，Only translates the manuscript revision、Printing procedures，I have experienced more than seven times before and after，It takes a few years to complete each time，It is not too much called "Thirty Years of Sword"。

1966，After the first version of the book is published，Deng Yiyu according to the requirements of the reader，To strengthen the understanding of Western Bet365 app download readers' understanding of words in the book，At the same time, it is convenient to find the relevant information in the book，Translator on the basis of the original，Another three appendix content -abbreviation word list、Reference Bibliography、Supplementary index，Added translation from the original 228 pages to 245 pages，and published again in 1968。Current，The version of 1966 is only collected in the library of the "Chinese Academy of China"，More Chinese and foreign readers understand and checked the 1968 version。

In the list of thanks，We can see some historical celebrities who are active in the Chinese aesthetics，Not only the famous scholar Hu Shi、Zhao Yuanren，Mei Yibao, the principal of Yanjing University,、Education Changhong，Gu Liya, Director of the Department of East Asian Literature at the University of Chicago、East Asia Library Library Terminal Money Storage Training; also Dong Zuobin、Chen Rongjie、Zhang Zhongyuan and other well -known scholars。It can be said，At that time, there were many Chinese auxiliary scholars translated from the English translation "Yan's Family Training" from different levels、Publishing has made contributions，Have played a positive role in promoting。

　(This article is the phased achievement of the National Publishing Fund Funding Project "Deng Yiyu's Complete Works")

(The author is a guest professor at the Hong Kong International Business School、Editor -in -chief of the National Publishing Fund Funding Project "Complete Works of Deng Yiyu"、Professor -level senior engineering)