Time never knows the past of the starting point to a distant future，No beginning or end。Extremely important dimension as the real world，Time shaping people's thoughts、Feeling and behavior。Although we cannot find any feeling organs corresponding to it，But we can clearly feel the existence of time。From waiting to the webpage to load to it when someone will fall into traffic jams，No one can be separated from the perception of time。Time as an objective attribute，Its speed of passing should be the same for everyone。But for a period of time with the same length，Why do some people feel like a year -old life，Some people feel that time is flying?

Time is objective，But time perception is subjective。Time Perception refers to the perception of the persistent and sequential perception of the individual's directly acting on the objective event of sensory organs。It is the basis of all human cognitive activities and action skills。Objective time is independent of objects and can be measured relatively accurately; subjective time has certain elasticity，A subjective time perception is not the same as objective time。Therefore，For the same objective time，Different people feel different about their lengths。

People’s subjective time will receive multiple factors (such as age、Personality traits、Environment, etc.Bet365 lotto review ) Impact。Among many factors，Emotional may be one of the most important factor。Everyone may have such a feeling，When you are fully focused on something, you will feel that time is like a white horse passing a gap，and when I am bored, I feel that time is slow。As early as 1890，William James mentioned，The feeling of time is consistent with our different psychological emotions。A large number of studies are found，Emotion will affect time perception。Studies indicate，The more people's negative emotional experience，The slower the time I feel; some studies have discovered，​​Establishment of patients' perception of time is overestimated。Research in recent years uses standardized emotional stimulus materials to explore the influence of emotions on time perception。Studies discovered，Compared with neutral faces，The test of the exam for anger and fear will generate time distance overvaluation effect; some research indicates，Happy and sad faces also induced the time distance overvaluation effect，But the amount of this effect is relatively angry and fearful, the face will be smaller。2014，Fayolle and others，Compared with the low wake -up expression than static，The examiner has an overestimation of the emotional face of dynamic dynamics。Sweet、Luo Yuejia and Zhang Zhijie Use Positive — High Awakening、Positive -Wake up、Negative -High Awakening、Negative -low wake -up and neutral situation pictures are studied for materials for materials and found，bet365 best casino games The time for the subject to perceive the emotional perception is significantly longer than the time that is perceived in low awakening emotions。Not difficult to discover the past research，Awakening (the degree of excitement that stimulation materials bring to the test) and pleasure (the degree of pleasure that stimulus materials bring to the test) play an important role in the emotional influence of time perception。

How does awakening and pleasure act on time perception? What is its psychological mechanism?。This model is mainly clock、Memory and decision -making three stages of composition。At the clock stage，When the stimulus starts to present，The pacemaker generates pulse at a certain rate，The switch device is closed，Cumulative addrator starts collecting pulses (the number of collected pulses indicates how much duration)。When the event stops，The switch is turned on and stopped transporting the pulse。In the memory stage，The time information in the accumulator is stored in the work memory，The time -distance information of pre -memory (such as standard timing) of individuals is stored in long -term memory。During the decision -making stage，Compare the time stored in the work memory with the time stored in the memory，To determine that the current time is short compared to the standard time、Is it long or equal。

The changes in the three stages of three stages may affect the perception of time，But the researchers believe that the pulse rate and switch plays bet365 Play online games the most important role in them。Generally speaking，The pulse rate is related to the awakening strength，When there is a high awakening stimulus presentation，The pulse rate of the pacemaker in people will be accelerated，Moving pulse rate will make the accumulator collect more pulse，Learning to feel longer。At the same time，Switching and paying closely related，In this process，The switch is adjusted to the pulse of the accumulator according to the opening and closing state，Attention to the assignment of time -related tasks determines the length of time it perceives。When less attention is assigned to time -related tasks，The frequency of the opening and closing is slow，It means that the number of pulses into the accumulator becomes less，Time to feel shorter。On the contrary，When more attention is assigned to time -related tasks，The rate of opening and closing becomes faster，This also means that it allows more pulse to pass，Makes the accumulator accumulated more pulse number，Leading time is overestimated。When the emotional stimulus and time -related tasks with high awakening appear at the same time，Emotional stimulus disperses the attention of the test of the time -distance estimation，Let people focus more on emotional stimulation，This leads to underestimation of time。

The impact of pleasure on time perception also has a study。Some researchers have inspected the impact of facial emotions on children's time perception，bet365 best casino games The result shows that the subjective time distance in negative emotions is longer than the subjective time distance under positive emotions。Some studies have found that the time distance estimation of negative sounds is expected to be longer than the time distance under positive sound。A large number of studies are proof，Positive stimulation (such as laughter、pleasant music, etc.) will be known to be shorter，It indicates that pleasant stimulation can slow down the speed of the pacemaker inside the individual，Leading to underestimate the time。This is consistent with our daily life experience，If when we hear pleasant music，I will feel that time is passing fast，When you are in a boring scene, you will feel like sitting on a needle felt。Analysis from the perspective of evolution，People will have a positive tendency，It will point more attention to events that make themselves more beneficial; pleasant stimulus will attract people more attention，Let people pay more attention to resources into emotional events，Then lead to a decrease in attention to time，This is another reason for people to underestimate time。

Accurate perception of time is a smooth prediction of human beings、Organization and planning a series of activities for a series of activities，It is closely related to our normal life and many advanced cognitive functions。Emotions will affect time perception，This impact will endanger life when it is serious，As in tension、Drivers in the fear will estimate Bet365 lotto review the deviation of the time when the dangerous scene is coming during driving。In order to regulate the effects of emotion on time perception，A large number of studies have been explored for this，Discover，Anti -thoughtful intervention、Cognitive review strategies, etc., will adjust the impact of emotions on time perception。But the impact of emotional perception on time is not all harmful，When people feel bored and bored，pleasant stimulus can make it feel more comfortable。

Large evidence indicates，Human judgment of time depends on the external environment。Therefore，People can affect their time perception by changing external environmental stimuli。For example，Studies discovered，Some of the inherent attributes of music will induce different pleasure and awakening of individuals，Then affect people’s time perception。A cheerful concert will make people more pleasant，People will pay more attention to the music scenario without paying attention to the time dimension。In short，The study of emotions on time perception has a long history，This will also be the theme of continuous exploration of researchers in the future。Although emotion will affect our perception of time，But we should take it correctly and use this effect reasonably。

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(Author Unit: School of Psychology, Northwest Normal University)