To some extent，History of the development of humanities and science psychology，is a critical history of natural science psychology。Natural Science Psychology in the concept、Theory、topic、Methods and practices exposed problems and defects，Continuous growth and development of human science psychology。Dilai and Burentano jointly created the first scientific form description of human scientific psychology psychology，Lile the basic spirit and development path of humanities and science psychology。Delai creates a description psychology in the process of strong criticism of natural science psychology，Become one of the most important sponsors and spokespersons of the early human science psychology of science psychology。Thomas Taio pointed out: "The research program that systematically challenges natural science methodology in psychology is the。"Delai's criticism of natural science psychology，The foundation affects the humanistic psychologists in the German and English context，and continue to produce effects in many contemporary human scientific psychology orientation，It provides an inexhaustible motivation for the historical development of human science psychology。

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1883，Dilai clearly distinguishes humanities and natural sciences in its "Introduction to Humanities"，I believe that the two are fundamentally different in the research content and understanding method，Produced on two different forms of knowledge。1894，​​He clearly distinguishes the description of psychology and explanation psychology in "Description and Psychology of Psychology"，and through strong criticism of psychology Bet365 lotto review through natural scientific orientation，It shows that psychology must be made into a firm position describing psychology with a humanistic orientation。Psychology Effective imitation of natural sciences formed natural science psychology，Provide perception、Lenovo、Unified Ajue、Abstract description of the laws and physiological and physical mechanisms of memory and other psychological processes。Although Dilai recognizes the importance of natural science psychology to a certain extent，But try to oppose psychology blindly imitating natural science。He and Natural Science Psychologist Ebbinhaus played a famous discussion in the history of psychology。Criticism of natural science psychology，It is an important part of Dilai's implementation of its historical rational criticism plan to lay the foundation for humanities。

The psychological life of a person is the overall and meaningful，Living land embedded in a specific society、History and cultural situations。Delai thinks，The theory characteristics of psychological life determine that psychology is inevitable as an empirical science. Natural science must be wrong，The cause and effect provided by natural sciences that the method of saying that it cannot get a satisfactory application in the field of psychological life。According to his point of view，Natural Science Psychology Association to solve the unique human quality of psychological life，Complex psychological life cannot be properly treated through experiments and measurement，Society that needs to be embedded and interacts with it、History and cultural situations describe and understand。He proposed to create a description psychology orientation of humanistic orientation with a life experience as the starting point。"If psychology wants to be a real humanistic science，It must be a description science rather than science。bet365 best casino games "Delai advocates describing and analyzing the overall instead of psychological life, not elements，Understand and explain the meaning of psychological life instead of formal laws。His description of psychology shows a strong and clear humanistic spirit，It is both the crystallization of criticism of natural science psychology and a weapon。

　Effects in the German context

Spring is one of the most famous leaders who criticize natural science psychology after Dileta who criticize natural science psychology。He believes that the biggest "scientific defect" of natural science psychology is the integrity of the meaning of psychological life，And emphasized that a psychology that repeatedly segmented psychological life is compared to a psychology that is interested in the overall psychology of nested in meaningful situations。Natural Science Psychology starts from a certain "element"，Advanced activities for psychological life cannot make in -depth inspections that meet the expectations。For this，Spring proposed a description psychology that focuses on psychological and life structure descriptions and complete meaning understanding，Make psychological life the same kind of society、Various performances of the environment and cultural constraints occur in the relationship.，This humanistic psychology program also applies to the field of personality and development psychology。

Hussels severely criticize psychological naturalization，I believe that natural science psychology gives psychology as natural ontology，Although many successful success，But it is impossible to observe and satisfy people's concerns about subjectivity，Results bring serious crisis to scientific psychology。In his opinion，"This kind of psychology imitates natural science errors，is a psychology that trys to kill the essential characteristics of psychological phenomena "。

Jacus was influenced by Dilai and Husserl，In bet365 best casino games the process of criticizing natural science psychology, advocating psychology in the direction of existentialism。He in "General Psychological pathology" (1913)，Psychology and interpretation method of psychological and interpretation methods through the theory reflection through the theory of meta -theoretical reflection psychology and adoption of natural scientific methods to explore psychological life cause and effect on psychology，and criticize psychology that psychology regards psychological diseases as a sub -phenomenon that is accompanied by physiological lesions，and advocate the use of empathy and sympathy to describe the patient's inner feelings and experience。

Austrian psychologist Trodor Erisman criticized the natural science psychology by creating a psychology of psychology (Psychology of Insight)，Think of a real psychology that is generally known for people，Inner insight into the meaning of people's psychological processes，and natural science psychology seems to have achieved great success，It is using atomic and mechanical theory thinking to explore unspeakable research themes and content。

In the 1960s, a critical psychology movement in Germany based on criticism of natural science psychology。It takes Marxism and Frankfurt School as the basis of philosophy，By promoting the subjectivity of people and emphasizing people and society、The relationship between history and culture，Criticism and reconstruction of traditional natural science psychology from the level of knowledge and ideology。

　　Effects in the English context

Ol Potter pioneered the special law research law and general law research law，And the special law of exploring people’s psychological life is alone。He was surprised by the respect of physics and its corresponding models in psychology，I think psychology is a discipline that studies the meaning of psychological bet365 Play online games life，Should not only use the abstraction law and rational logic simply to reason by，It should follow a research procedure of humanistic psychology, which is unique and behavioral that seeks people with a degenerate humanistic psychology。Natural Science Psychology is committed to passing experiments、Measurement and statistical analysis to explore the general laws of people's psychology and behavior，The uniqueness and complexity of ignoring individual psychological experience，Even the individual psychology is expelled from psychology。For this，Olport believes that a special law psychology that focuses on exploring the unique psychological characteristics。

Maslow criticized natural science psychology from the perspective of humanism。He is extremely annoyed by the provincial law and elemental theory of Tieqinner's structuralism，Study of Wahona behaviorism is extremely disappointed by studying the practice of voyeurizing the human nature by studying the mouse。He criticized natural science psychology to reduce and restore people into mice，Think that the mouse is just a little white mouse，Can't replace people’s "true body" at all。He criticized natural science psychology to put the empiricalist methodology and strict experimental design in a more preferred position than a problem，Only bystanders who can only produce the opposite knowledge of experience，It seems that "drawings are more real than houses"。A batch of psychologists represented by Maruslo，Look at the nature of people，Follow the dignity of people、Value、Responsibility and potential，Corresponding research on the problem as the center，Finally formed a trend of humanistic psychology。

George's "Psychology as a Humanities" explicitly expressed，Psychology should not become a natural science，should become a humanistic science，Humanities can make it more reflected in science。Natural science psychology reveals serious problems: lack of internal bet365 Play online games unity and integration，Indifferent and respecting the nature of people，Study does not carry out in a meaningful way，Serious disconnection with life。George thinks，This is the "climbing" natural sciences for psychology to advertise their own science，Blind adopting the standards of natural science and the results of the perspective。In natural science psychology，Experiment and measurement exist first，Psychological phenomena that cannot be experimented and measured difficult to enter the scope and discourse system。George believes that the scientific and strictness of psychology should be reflected as the problem and content selection method。He actively builds a humanistic psychology，and develop into a phenomenology psychology。

　　Effect of Contemporary

Delai's criticism of natural science psychology，Continue to produce effects in many contemporary human scientific psychology orientation，Their hegemony of natural science psychology constitutes a challenge。Post -modern psychology generated in the mid -to -late 1980s，Is a typical representative of this contemporary effect。It is based on the basic proposition of criticism and dissolution of natural science psychology，and the scientific outlook of review and reconstruction of psychology from post -modern vision、Object Theory、Methodology and specific views are the main features。Most of the postmodern psychologists tend to draw psychology to the humanistic science camp，Advocate overall quality research on a wider psychological theme，It advocates the pursuit of the truth to promote the unique human nature。Post -modern psychology is in bet365 best casino games the process of criticizing natural science psychology，shows the rich and strong spirit of humanities。

　(This article is the "Description Psychology" (17FZX045)、"Jiangsu Social Sciences Youqing" scientific research funding project "New Era" Jiangsu 'A Adjustable' Sales System Construction Research Research "in the staged results)

(Author Unit: Nanjing Xiaozhuang College Psychological Health Research Institute、Nanjing Institute of Psychological Health Research)