■ Ilin Manning respondent/Figure

■ Louis de Miranda respondents/confession

■ Dana Helikson respondents/confession

Later humanism, also known as post -humanism，It is a high -frequency keyword in the achievements of humanities and social science research at home and abroad in recent years，But readers still do not know the understanding of its meaning。How should you understand the concept of humanism after the humanism? What are the academic significance and social significance of later humanist ideology?，This reporter interviewed experts and scholars in this field。

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Erin Manning, a professor at the School of Art at the University of Art at the University of Art at the University of Art of Canada, introduced to reporters，Starting from the latest self -enlightenment，The tendency to put people on all things has appeared，and this tendency is more obvious in Western society。To the global capitalist society，The plundering of Earth resources is largely driven by this concept。But，bet365 live casino games Under the perspective of later humanist perspectives or surpassing human categories，People start to know the world from an ecological perspective。This means，Talk about culture、Philosophy、Environmental problems，We are not discussed from the perspective of man -made，Instead, it takes a dynamic environment as the starting point。

Louis de Miranda, a scholar of the history of scientific and ideological history of Upsala, Sweden, told reporters，Later humanism is postmodernism、Post Bet365 lotto review -structuralism and other "post -certain doctrine" academic discourse systems newer members，A replacement vocabulary that is more accurate to describe its universal meaning is post -human centerism。Humanism is usually associated with the European Renaissance and the construction of scientific engineering，and convey such a thought: human ability，and technical control beyond natural forces，Make humans live high in the position of controller with privileges，Different from the non -human world。Later humanism is discovered by the following facts at the ethical level: humans and non -human entities (including creatures other than humans，Also includes machine、Network、Mixed entities such as thought)，All are only part of the development of the earth。From the view of Miranda，If you use the two major ideas and traditions of China，Humanism is closer to Confucianism，Later humanisticism is the same as Taoist thought。

Danah Henriksen, an associate professor of leadership and innovation of Arizona State University in the United States, also mentioned that later humanism's reflection on humanism and transcendence of humanism。She said in an interview，We can regard post -humanisticism as a way of thinking beyond the concept of traditional humanism。Humanism as a worldview，Think that humans are the central character of the world。This view has been for history for a long time、Art、The development of culture and how humans can obtain knowledge to play the leading role。Later humanism is understanding knowledge、There is different ways to know the world。bet365 live casino games Under the perspective of later humanism，Human beings are part of the world，but not necessarily the center of the world，Because there are many other entities in this world。Later humanisticism breaks human beings、The boundary between the relationship between the relationship between animals and technology，Remind us to realize the existence of various entities in the world and in fear of their power。We used to instinctively default the top layer of human beings on this planet level system，But later humanism is in a flat way，It advocates incorporating all creatures and entities into consideration。

　　Understand after understanding from the perspective of creativity

Henrikson told reporters，Later humanism plays an important role in stimulating creativity，Because in the world view of post -humanism，Creativity is not the field of human beings，It happened in humans、Animals、In the interaction between different elements such as technology。Traditionally，The understanding of creativity in psychology is mostly focused on human beings，Especially research on individuals with talent or special ideology。But taking art creation as an example，In post -humanisticism，Art works can be regarded as the common product of human artists and non -human subjects。In terms of technology，Later humanism usually focuses on the intercourse of humans and machines。When we think about what creativity is and how it produces，I will find that humans have always obtained inspiration from nature，or use objects in the material world、Tools and Technology。So，Later humanistic believes，These non -human elements Bet365 app download are also part of the creative process。Under this view，Creativity is no longer just a characteristic of human beings，but the combination of human and non -human elements，to create and stimulate new ideas or products。Henrikson mentioned，In many indigenous beliefs，Creation has always been considered an interaction between humans and non -human elements，In the invention、Especially in artistic creation and other contexts。So，Later culturalism has similarity in terms of philosophical positions，is a more inclusive understanding of creativity。This makes many descriptions about creativity in European and American literature lost the previous glory，Also reminds people to open up new ideas，Beyond traditional understanding。

Manning proposed in an interview，Under the real context of the current ecological environment,，How to position human beings is a key question，Later humanism can help people transcend the inherent thinking of human beings as the center of the world，So，From the ethical perspective，Later humanism is very important。In this process，Given that art always has the function of promoting innovation of thinking methods，Art can also play unique value。

Miranda told reporters，He believes，In Spearza、Hegel、White Black De、Bergson and other processes of philosophers can find the source of the thought of humanism in the discussion of the post -humanisticism。The above philosophers agree that creativity is the ultimate core of comprehensive development，instead of presenting the presentation of human intelligence,。It is necessary bet365 best casino games to realize that the actual creation process of the real world is more complicated than the pass description in the scientific perspective after refined，Because of some factors that have been effective in collective historical construction, it has been omitted。Miranda emphasized，To achieve a more ecological lifestyle，For the philosophical sense of human society, it is healthier，We need to abandon the blind human centralist thinking mode，Interactive networks outside human care and cognitive practice。The world is an all -encompassing creative process，We need to respect peers other than humans，and face up to the complexity of avoiding the world。

　　Follow the theoretical dynamics of the humanist field after attention

Miranda mentioned in an interview，Later culturalist research fields try to describe such a process: in this process，Human beings are not the only entity with energy，For all forms of energy with certain forms of mobility，Including animals、Plants、Human Robotics, etc.，can compare and evaluate its energy。A specific ecosystem will intertwine each other with a variety of entities of humans and non -humans，and in the flow state of "creation reality"。He proposed，Each of the characters and devices in which shows its own possibility in different ways。Later culturalism represents a sustainable、Updated thinking method，It trys to consider the overall balance，Follow all nature or human beings in the system、macro or micro、Rich and diverse or separate entities。Miranda recommends understanding that all kinds of entities in the system are showing Bet365 lotto review some possibility。The possibility of a person may originate from the realization of value、There are targets、Healthy life in the philosophical meaning。The possibility of animals or plants may mean that they can breed as much as possible within the limited range of their species，and start this process at a natural rather than being forced to be forced。The possibility of the machine is reflected by its ability to replace the ability and mechanical system freedom。

Under this view，A good system is a system that can maximize the possibility of all entities，This，The system can recycle regeneration as a whole。If we are limited to the long -term inherent thinking of the industrial revolution for a long time，Only in humans (even some groups of humans) and maximum possibilities in machines，From the long run，Human will face a natural crisis，and trigger an unfavorable situation related to non -human factors that are unpredictable。

About how to re -understand art creation from the perspective of humanism，Manning said，In the concept of artistic interaction，There is still a tendency to use humans as an arbiter。If you want to avoid this tendency，Give non -human elements more share，We need to pay attention to the energy of the environment itself to maintain complex systems。From the view of Manning，This provides an avant -garde point: even if a job is dominated by artificial action，It is not only the energy of human beings that can be played and played.。This is not to deny the role of human beings in artistic creation，Instead, to understand the expression function of other elements，Discuss the collective bet365 Play online games force generated by this common composition。