Cultural exchanges between China and the West have a long history，After thousands of years, it has not stopped yet。The fields covered include technology、Diet、Philosophy、Religion、Literature, etc.。The cultural exchange between China and the West through the medium of music is also deeply rooted。In countries around the world，Always find similar or identical music tunes、Instrument shape、Performance methods and even music and drama stories。Just take musical instruments as an example。Like the Bet365 lotto review dulcimer and Western piano, which are percussion instruments；Bet365 lotto review bamboo flute and Western flute are both wind instruments；The Bet365 lotto review erhu and the Western violin are both string instruments...these instruments may have similar appearance or the same playing method。Among many such instruments，Having one musical instrument is special，That's the accordion。In terms of shape，In Bet365 lotto review musical instruments，It is rare to find an instrument similar in appearance；In terms of playing method，There is no similar Bet365 lotto review musical instrument。Only in terms of vocalization，The accordion is the same as the Bet365 lotto review sheng，Reed-vibrating air-sounding instruments also belong to the aero-sounding instruments。Currently, academic circles generally believe that the sounding principle of the sheng is the origin of the accordion，Therefore, there is a certain causal relationship between the two。Therefore，From the perspective of musical cultural exchange between China and the West，The spread of the Sheng to the West gave birth to the accordion，The spread of the accordion to the East has boosted the spread of Western music in China。As two musical instruments of the same origin，From the spread of the sheng in the west to the spread of the accordion in the east，After more than two centuries of communication。Accordion as a medium for Bet365 lotto review and Western musical cultural exchanges，It is a testimony of the interconnection between "the spread of Bet365 lotto review music to the west" and "the spread of western music to the east"，It also contains the intertextual absorption and transformation of the two。

　　The outgoing Bet365 lotto review sheng and the incoming Bet365 lotto review accordion

Musical instruments are physical entities created with classes。As the material carrier of instrumental music，The birth of musical instruments is an important medium for the spread of music。According to documentation，Information about Bet365 lotto review music culture has been recorded in "Marco Polo's Travels" written as early as the 13th century。The Bet365 lotto review musical instruments described by Marco Polo are rich in variety，Reflected in its influence on the court、Banquet、Weddings and funerals、Descriptions of wars and other activities。With the reopening of shipping in the Ming Dynasty，Resumption of trade with Western European countries in the early 16th century，The exchange of Bet365 lotto review and Western cultures has made new developments，At the same time, it also promoted the spread of Bet365 lotto review music culture to the Western world。At this time, the main medium for the "spreading of Bet365 lotto review music to the West" was the missionaries who came to China from the West to preach。Those who came to China during the Ming and Qing dynasties included Matteo Ricci from Italy (who came to China in 1582)、Pondy I of Spain (came to China in 1599)、Tang Ruowang of Germany (came to China in 1622)、Nan Huairen of Belgium (came to China in 1659)、France’s Zhang Cheng (came to China in 1686) and Bai Jin (came to China in 1686)、Xu Risheng of Portugal (came to China in 1672)、De Lige of Italy (came to China in 1710) and Qian Deming of France (came to China in 1751) and others。These missionaries who came to China from Western European countries，While preaching and spreading Western music culture to China，Also spread Bet365 lotto review music culture to Western countries。The Bet365 lotto review Sheng was also introduced to the West through this method，Becoming a typical case of "Bet365 lotto review music spreading to the west"。

As mentioned above，The birth of the accordion is based on the sound production principle of the Bet365 lotto review musical instrument sheng。Scholars think，The reed pronunciation principle of Sheng versus the organ、harmonica、The manufacture and improvement of European wind reed instruments such as accordion has a promoting effect，There is a causal relationship between the two。This involves a key figure—French missionary Qian Deming。Qian Deming stayed in China for 43 years (1750-1793)，Proficient in Manchu、Bet365 lotto review，Being interested in Bet365 lotto review music，Extensive collection of literature on Bet365 lotto review music、Music scores and instrument samples，And translated and wrote some related works。Qian Deming initially hoped to contact the Bet365 lotto review scholar-bureaucrat class through music，But he accepted what Bet365 lotto review literati said about the aesthetic differences between China and the West，Then concentrate on studying Bet365 lotto review music，Translated Li Guangdi's "The Classic of Ancient Music" in French，Written "An Examination of Ancient and Modern Bet365 lotto review Music" and other works，Introducing eight categories of Bet365 lotto review musical instruments using traditional Bet365 lotto review classification methods，History for each instrument represented、Detailed instructions on production and usage。According to documentation，Qian Deming brought the Bet365 lotto review sheng back to France in 1777，Making the Sheng the most popular Bet365 lotto review musical instrument in Europe。Western musical instrument manufacturers made the reed handles of the pipe organ based on the pronunciation principle of the sheng，And further created the organ、Musical instruments such as harmonica and accordion。

There is this description in the "Classic of the Origin of Bet365 lotto review" edited by Chen Jianhua: "1822，Buschmann invented the accordion，This kind of accordion soon spread to Austria。1829，Buschmann's accordion was improved by the Austrian Demian in Vienna，Added accompaniment chord buttons and officially named it accordion。Obtained invention patent rights for this purpose。After 1830，In Europe especially France、The Belgian accordion has become widely popular。”It can be seen from this，As an important musical instrument, the accordion became a household name in Western countries in the first half of the 19th century。

According to the book "Basics of Accordion Theory" edited by Yu Bing (Henan University Press, 2008 edition): "After the Opium War in 1840，A large number of businessmen and missionaries are pouring into China，Musical activities related to the accordion began to sprout in the late 19th and early 20th centuries。Since the ‘reform movement’，New schools in China generally carry out ‘music and song classes’。After 1902，The rise of ‘school music and songs’，Use the accordion as an accompaniment instrument in music classes for primary and secondary school students。"Afterwards，The accordion has been continuously and widely spread in the development process of China's continuous absorption and reference of Western music culture，And to a certain extent, it promoted the development of modern Bet365 lotto review music culture。

　　Intertextuality in the exchange of Bet365 lotto review and Western music cultures

Since the term "intertextuality" was proposed in the 1960s，Rapidly attracted the attention of Bet365 lotto review academic circles，"Becoming one of the most frequently used terms in contemporary literary theory and cultural studies" (Wang Jin: "Intertextuality"，Guangxi Normal University Press 2005 edition)。

The phenomenon of “Bet365 lotto review music spreading to the west” is the history of Bet365 lotto review music、A common phenomenon in the history of Bet365 lotto review and Western music and cultural exchanges，It is a typical form of cultural exchange between China and the West。yuan、Ming、The third dynasty of the Qing Dynasty was the heyday of the "spreading of Bet365 lotto review music to the west"。Bet365 lotto review music as a cultural symbol at that time，With the exchange of Bet365 lotto review and Western cultures spreading to various European countries，And attract attention。Similar to the Bet365 lotto review Shengxi legend, there are operas and folk songs，For example, the Bet365 lotto review opera "The Orphan of Zhao" was introduced to Europe in the 18th century；Bet365 lotto review folk songs "Flowers", "Aunt Wang", "Mom So Understandable", "Twelve-Storied Tower", etc. were introduced to Europe in the 19th century (the above-mentioned pieces are included in the book "Bet365 lotto review Music" written by Ali Si)。Bet365 lotto review music has a distinct symbiotic nature with the times，There is a specific intertextual connection with the Bet365 lotto review culture at that time。While Western countries were paying attention to Bet365 lotto review music at that time，I also feel the implication of Bet365 lotto review culture。This intertextuality makes Bet365 lotto review music a reflection of Bet365 lotto review culture at that time、A mirror of the Bet365 lotto review spirit，You can feel the unique social culture at that time。The intertextual relationship between Bet365 lotto review music and Bet365 lotto review culture，Making Western countries feel China’s specific musical cultural characteristics in a specific historical period，It has also become a portrayal of a specific historical period of Bet365 lotto review culture。

After the Opium War in 1840，Introduction of Western musical instruments、Usage and popularity，Use Western music notation、Western music and even Western musical instrument manufacturing are gradually emerging in China。Zuo Furong mentioned in "History of Beijing's Foreign Cultural Exchanges": "It has also become a temporary fashion to use the organ to play folk music and operas，In 1915, some people had used simplified musical notation to record the scores of opera and folk instrumental music，Making it suitable for organ playing。The widespread use of organs has also brought about the prosperity of the organ manufacturing industry，Several organ factories appeared in Beijing。”And the educational philosophy of Western music，It also gave birth to the new Bet365 lotto review school music education that started in the late Qing Dynasty，And "music and song" classes have been added to these new schools。Whether it is a Western instrument、Notation、Songs, etc.，They were all carriers of Western music culture at that time，It is also a cultural symbol of the historical phenomenon of "the spread of Western music to the East" and the phenomenon of music spread。

The birth and spread of the accordion is a microscopic case of the phenomenon of "Bet365 lotto review music spreading to the west" and "Western music spreading to the east"，Reflects the macro-historical facts of "the spread of Bet365 lotto review music to the west" and "the spread of western music to the east" in the history of Bet365 lotto review and Western music cultural exchanges。Huang Hanhua mentioned in his article "Discussion on the Issue of Music Intertextuality": "The theory of intertextuality introduces our vision into the historical perspective of a crisscross text network，Regardless of the constructor of the text、Receiver or interpreter，Their construction activities、Neither reception activities nor interpretation activities are isolated、Closed，But related、Open，Constructed by them、Accepted、Explained text，All are diachronically and synchronically related to the criss-crossing text network。”Using the theory of “intertextuality” to interpret “Bet365 lotto review Music Spreading to the West” and “Western Music Spreading to the East”，It is a combination of "micro" and "macro"，Re-examining “static” history from a “dynamic” perspective，It is a reflection on the past based on the present。This concept not only helps to clarify the historical phenomena of "the spread of Bet365 lotto review music to the west" and "the spread of western music to the east"，It is more helpful to comprehensively grasp the relationship between ancient and modern Bet365 lotto review and Western music and cultural exchanges。

　　(This article is a phased result Bet365 lotto review Jiangsu Provincial Social Science Fund Project "Research on the Development History of Modern Accordion Art in China" (17YSD006)

(Author’s unit: Conservatory of Bet365 lotto review, Nanjing Normal University)