Influenced by humanism，Since modern times, people have always regarded agency as an ability unique to humans，And will be conscious、Human attributes such as intentionality and free will as prerequisites for agency。So，Agent and matter are often regarded as two opposing concepts，The former means the ability of a subject to make autonomous choices and actions，The latter is more equivalent to being dominated by the subject、Intervention、Objects of manipulation and transformation。This binary opposition between non-human matter and human agency，Presupposes an anthropocentrism，It has also become the default concept in modern social science。Many sociologists such as Anthony Giddens believe that，Only human individuals have real agency。However，Over the past thirty years，Systematic reflection on anthropocentrism has begun in social sciences and humanities，The study of non-human agency or bet365 offer agency is becoming a trend。This trend can be roughly traced to two main clues，The first is the study of the active role of non-human agents in scientific practice in science studies；The second is the concern in anthropology and archeology about how artifacts affect human society and cultural forms。

In order to overcome the sociology of scientific knowledge (SSK)’s neglect of bet365 offer factors in scientific practice，Post-scientific sociology of knowledge (post-SSK) opposes treating scientific knowledge only as a social and cultural construction，Re-extension of instruments in scientific practice、Equipment、The positive effect of bet365 offer factors such as research objects。Latour、Callon and Law jointly developed an Actor Network Theory (ANT)，Believe that people and things together constitute an action network，Sociological research should not only focus on human beings and their activities，Instead, we should focus on how actors, including people and things, are related to each other in this action network、Entangle and transform。mainly through the work of Latour，ANT has had a huge and comprehensive impact in the humanities and social sciences。Latour in his ethnographic study of the laboratory，Noted in the explanation of scientific knowledge production，Pure society has hegemony over nature。In his opinion，Nature and society initially existed in the form of a hybrid or quasi-object，Just through a purification strategy，This original hybrid was gradually defined as a subject and object with clear boundaries，Ultimately presents the opposing landscape of people and objects。Latour attempts to describe this ontology，Argument that action and agency are symmetrically distributed among humans and things，All entities participating in the actor network have equal importance，Thus dissolving the primacy of human actors over non-human actors。Except ANT，Pickering and Ballard in the field of Scientology also developed their own theories of bet365 offer agency。Pickering’s research based on research practices in high energy physics，Point out in scientific practice，Human agents and bet365 offer agents operate in parallel and intertwine in a bidirectional and instantaneous manner。Scientists are actively building machines，However, it is passively watching how bet365 offer agents are captured by machines。If human constructs effectively capture anticipated non-human agents，Model plan will be adopted；If not，The model will be modified by human agents。Here，Scientific practice is described as emerging from the interaction of human and non-human agency。After ANT and Pickering，Ballard’s philosophical interpretation of quantum mechanics，Re-emphasis on bet365 offer agency and its relationship to human agency。Ballard proposed an agentic realism，It focuses on the entangled relationship between matter and discourse。In her opinion，Regardless of matter or words，They are not independent existences，It exists as a bet365 offer-discourse，In other words，The two do not exist as external objects to each other，But as an inner activity generated and entangled with each other。Based on this ontology，You can define agency as an attribute of the relationship between people and things，Instead of thinking that it comes only from human intentionality。

Another clue to the study of bet365 offer agency comes from the study of bet365 offer culture in disciplines such as anthropology and archaeology。This clue may be traced back to the methodological fetishism proposed by the anthropologist Appadurai。He uses this concept to illustrate the social life of things，And try to discover the spirit of things from their matter。It was the artistic anthropologist Gale who really started the wave of research on bet365 offer agency，He no longer only focuses on the symbols and meanings of works of art，No longer regard it as the encoding of a certain concept，And believe that a work of art should be regarded as a system of action，In other words，Art objects can be considered as human equivalents，Act as an agent in social processes。But Gale also believes that art objects and products are not the primary agents，But the agent of the second nature，In other words，They themselves do not have agency，But only an intermediary of human agency。However，Later archaeologists who emphasized bet365 offer agency，For example, Olson and Witmer, etc.，Begin to emphasize more and more the symmetry between human agency and non-human agency。They advocate，bet365 offer culture can no longer be regarded as just an instrument or representation of human culture，Opposite，People and things are symmetrically entangled with each other，There are various kinds of agency including people and things，We should act、Purpose and power are attributed to more agents than human agents。

In recent years，Some archaeologists have begun to introduce the extended mind topic in cognitive science，To further develop the theory of bet365 offer agency。The extended mind thesis asserts that our cognition and mind are not limited to the brain，But it has been extended to things like notepad、Among cognitive tools such as mobile phones。Boivin therefore believes that the mind should be regarded as embodied、bet365 offer，Reintegrating matter into thinking about mind and meaning，Pay special attention to the physical properties of matter。For example，Neolithic intervention in the soil fostered bet365 offer culture such as containers and dwellings，These changes have fostered new forms of social and ritual interaction。The more well-known bet365 offer agency theory in recent years is the bet365 offer engagement theory proposed by Malaforis，It strives to bring materiality into thinking about cognitive processes，Reformulate people and things、Mind and Body、Complementarity between bet365 offer and culture，Focus on examining the relationship between bet365 offer objects among human individuals、Use and status in the mediating process between humans and the environment。Malaforius believes that bet365 offer intervention involves a mind from the brain、The collaborative process emerging from bodies and things，Cognition must therefore be regarded as extended、Generated、Embodied、Distributed、Mediated and situational，In other words，Ontologically，Mind and cognition are inseparable from our actions in the world。Malaforis brings this understanding of the mind to the inquiry into agency，He believes that just like other dimensions of the human psyche，Agency and intentionality should be understood as distributed、Emergent and interactive phenomena，Rather than experience as a subject。He is the maker of pottery、An example of the interaction between pottery tools and clay，State that the clay on the potter's wheel should not be viewed as a negative object external to the potter's intentional state，It should be regarded as a functional substantive component of the intentional character of the pottery experience。

The two research clues on the activity of matter summarized above，In fact, they all belong to an important part of the bet365 offer turn in contemporary humanities and social sciences。The bet365 offer turn subverted the social constructionist and conceptualist traditions that gradually became dominant in the 1960s，The latter will either turn matter、Reality and truth as human thoughts、The result of practice or cultural construction，Either consider bet365 offer entities as a kind of text，You can read human thoughts from it、Faith and belief。Under the influence of bet365 offer diversion，Matters are no longer considered symbols、Empty container of words and meaning，Opposite，The indelible materiality of the object itself begins to be placed at the center of analysis。This is a wide-ranging ideological trend in the past thirty years，In philosophy (speculative realism、New materialism)、Cultural Studies (Posthumanism)、Literary criticism (theory of things、bet365 offer Ecocriticism)、Anthropology (Ontological Anthropology)、Reflected in geography (hybrid geography) and other fields。Together they indicate a trend，We are increasingly turning our attention away from language、Words、Text、Society、Culture、symbol、Form、The subject and other fields have turned to matter、Entity、Real、Natural、bet365 offer、Non-humans and objects，And tends to discover its own positive essence and initiative from the latter。This is a fundamental change in research vision and even worldview，Bringing a radical paradigm change to the entire humanities and social sciences。

(This article is a phased result of the Guangdong Provincial Social Science Planning Discipline Co-construction Project "Research on the bet365 offer Agency in the Extended Mind" (GD16XZX03)

(Author’s affiliation: Institute of bet365 offer, Technology and Society, South China Normal University)