The construction of a rural innovation and entrepreneurial development system is one of the key ways to promote rural development。The United States attaches importance to encouraging rural innovation and entrepreneurship and small -scale rural enterprises to create，Get some results。This article intends to conduct preliminary discussions on relevant measures。

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The "Rural Development Policy Law" and "Food、Agriculture、Conservation and Trade Acts "and other regulations，Promoting "rural development" to become an important consideration for American agricultural policy。To promote rural economic development，The U.S. government has continuously adjusted and improved rural innovation and entrepreneurial support policies，And adjust the rural development promotion regulations。

Many support incentive policies formulated and introduced in the US government、In the Regulations Documents，The author believes that the most significant promotion effect is three mains。"Food、Conservation and Energy Act "increased support for small and medium farms in the entrepreneurial period，helps to train professional farmers，Intergeneration of agriculture for agriculture，expanded the coverage of rural development policies，New "Small Enterprise Assistance" and "Rural Cooperation Risk Investment" project provides financing guarantees for entrepreneurs，Help them get land and capital，Carry out production and operation activities。"Food in 2014、Farm and Employment Act "further increased the support for the owner of the agricultural and pasture during the entrepreneurial period，Added education and training、Technical promotion and other budgets，Improve the guarantee loan guarantee limit and stipulate that you can provide a special small loan，Exempted time limit for direct business loans，Further reduction and exemption insurance Bet365 app download costs、Management costs，Improve the level of disaster assistance that has not participated in the insurance part，It also encourages retired farmers to transfer land to the initial period farmers，Intent to strengthen the support of the owner of the agricultural and pasture during the entrepreneurial period，Guarantee its rights and interests。"2018 Agricultural Progress Act" proposed to carry out rural business cooperation service projects、Technical assistance and training，Establish a community innovation and economic development committee in rural areas，Strengthening rural innovation economic support, etc.，It aims to promote its development by improving the vitality of rural innovation and entrepreneurship。

　Establish a rural innovation and entrepreneurial support system

To support innovation and entrepreneurship in rural areas，The United States attaches importance to professional skills training。Since the 19th century，It provides in the form of legislative training and education，For the new farmer owner、 Agricultural employment or agricultural organization, etc.，Establish different subsidy plans or fund projects，and require agricultural education institutions to carry out teaching and practical activities in accordance with regulations。Create a community college，hire university teachers and successful entrepreneurs to conduct entrepreneurial knowledge lectures，Encourage potential entrepreneurs to participate in various types of innovative and entrepreneurial courses。Community College also jointly carried out relevant educational activities with rural enterprises，and actively guide small -scale enterprises in rural areas to actively participate in self -investment and entrepreneurship competition，Autonomous formulation business development plan，Self -selection of entrepreneurial paths。

Strengthen the cultivation of innovation and entrepreneurial ability，It is also an important part of the United States to support the innovation and development of rural areas。To simulate Bet365 lotto review entrepreneurial scenes and pressure in different competitive environments，Entrepreneurship clubs have been set up in some places，Established an enterprise entrepreneurial development service center and other related institutions and service teams，Provide corresponding consulting services for small and micro enterprises，Provide training for entrepreneurial projects declared by residents in the community。The U.S. government will reserve fiscal budgets every year to fund the development center of rural cooperation organizations，Provide technical assistance、Feasibility Studies、Strategy and business plan、Leading ability training and other services; to help agricultural producers participate in processing、Marketing and other value -added activities，Improve the corresponding ability，The US Department of Agriculture also encourages agricultural producers to strive for value -added subsidy in the form of national competitions。

other，The United States also pays more attention to the establishment of rural innovation and entrepreneurship development and cooperation service platform，Provide entrepreneurial financial assistance and financial tax support。Relevant policy support includes，Accelerate the construction of rural information，Popularized network in the countryside，Create and adhere to the improvement of agricultural information network exchanges and assistance platforms for rural entrepreneurship development; provide information services for rural entrepreneurs，Then promote the development of rural innovation and entrepreneurship; through the entrepreneurial service system，Help rural entrepreneurs cultivate benign entrepreneurial partnerships。For example, the community college in Aiwa is integrated to specialize in the exchange experience of entrepreneurs、Online network platform for shared resources，Provide research institutions for rural entrepreneurs、Resource Center、Community consultation and guidance service，and share with other states。Various entrepreneurial projects of rural enterprise bet365 Play online games entrepreneurs participating in community colleges，You can get the entrepreneurial center in science and technology、Help in information technology，Solve financing channels、Introduction to incubators and other problems。other，Small Enterprise Entrepreneurship Development Service Center、Non -profit institutions such as the Rural Innovation and Development Center are also actively participating in the construction of a rural innovation and entrepreneurial ecosystem，Continue to provide consulting services to small enterprises，Provide training for entrepreneurial projects declared by the people of the community。

In terms of entrepreneurial financial assistance and financial tax support，Mainly through the country、Regional and community guarantee systems provide monetary financial guarantee for rural entrepreneurs，Community banking provides convenience for the financing of rural entrepreneurs。The US government commissioned the Economic Development Administration of the Ministry of Commerce to supervise the fund subsidies provided by the people's entrepreneurship to support rural and townships;，Help rural enterprises to obtain financing; the Small Enterprise Management Bureau focuses on helping specific entrepreneurs raising funds，Started the "Rural Entrepreneur Priority Loan Guarantee Plan" and actively promoted the "Community Fast Action Plan"，Small enterprise technology innovation research and development projects and technology conversion projects for small enterprises in rural areas，Also funded rural science and technology enterprises。

　Scores and deficiencies

With long -term effort in all aspects，The construction of a rural innovation and entrepreneurial support system in the United States has achieved certain results。First，The rural innovation and entrepreneurial service system is developed。Many social institutions organize support for the education and training of various types of entrepreneurial knowledge and skills for the founders of rural enterprises; the construction of rural Internet facilities is better，Broadband access Bet365 app download rates are high; entrepreneurs can get financing services from various ways。Since 2009，The United States has passed the business and cooperative project，Provide financial assistance for nearly 75,000 rural enterprises，Reserved and created more than 375,000 rural employment opportunities。At the same time, the US government has also established a special team to collect、Integration and study rural development information，Formulate and implement various plans。other，The agricultural market service department also provides agricultural enterprises with tools and services to create marketing opportunities，Help farmers connecting enterprises and resources at home and abroad。

2，The enthusiasm and ability of the people in rural areas are improved。The continuous development of the rural innovation and entrepreneurial support system，Make the people's enthusiasm for entrepreneurship in rural areas to a certain extent，Guide by innovation and entrepreneurial training and service support agency，The enthusiasm and ability of residents in rural areas to open small and micro enterprises are enhanced。At the same time，Large production information company、Banks and credit cooperatives providing credit for farmers、Construction of various agricultural service organizations such as cooperatives and associations formed by the government，Attract multi -party resources to participate in rural innovation and entrepreneurs，It also helps to enhance enthusiasm for entrepreneurship in rural areas。

third，The results of rural innovation and entrepreneurs gradually appear。Rural residents' entrepreneurial active and high success rates have increased the productivity of American agricultural labor、output and export volume of agricultural products。The scale of many entrepreneurs is expanded，The operating effect improves year by year。For nearly ten years，With agricultural business model and technological innovation，Some private farms have expanded and gradually integrate cross -regional integration，Improving the level of professional and large bet365 live casino games -scale operation。The pre -tax profit of the American farm is generally rising，The proportion of profit before tax also increases，Unpacking profit (net profit) changes from negative value to positive value，This means that rural entrepreneurship activities have achieved certain economic results。The increase in the number of rural entrepreneurs and the development of the agricultural economy not only bring more employment opportunities and jobs，Promoting the development of the rural economy in the United States，It also improved the rural living environment。

But，There are still some shortcomings in the country's rural innovation and entrepreneurial policy and support system。First，The policy system needs to be further improved。Under the background of the large -scale development of large farms，Many small -scale farms and rural companies in the United States are survived in the gaps，Full competitiveness; the relevant incentive mechanism is still lacking。Second，Insufficient enthusiasm and potential release of entrepreneurs。At present, the entrepreneurial enthusiasm of rural innovation entrepreneurs in the United States mainly stays on breadth，In -depth improvement limited。Insufficient development of entrepreneurs，Entrepreneurship activities、Method is more traditional，To a certain extent hinders the development of innovation and entrepreneurship in the United States。But，Innovative entrepreneurship and output results are not high enough。The ultimate purpose of rural innovation and entrepreneurship is to increase output results、Improve production capacity。But，In the development of the American rural industry，New Technology R & D and use and data analysis capabilities、Organizational structure、Scales and other problems all problems，This restricts the improvement of benefits。Last，There are phenomena such as duplicate construction and vicious competition。In the development of innovation and entrepreneurship in rural areas，The repetitive construction of infrastructure bet365 Play online games has increased the fiscal burden of the US federal government，It also brings adverse effects to the development of rural areas。other，The vicious competition among interbank personnel has affected the enthusiasm of rural innovation entrepreneurs，Caused resource loss。

(This article is the research project of “Rural Rejuvenation Strategy in Rural Rejuvenation Strategy” (2020-kyywf-0978) phased results)

(Author Unit: School of Entrepreneurship Education, Heilongjiang University)