Chen Shumei pointed out the shrinkage of modern Chinese vocabulary，Related to the economic principles of language use，From the perspective of psychology，This can be traced back to human inertia psychology。Shielding is slightly manifested in language activities，Just use the language unit as little as possible，Save effort、Language units with strong generalization。But，The needs of the actual information also requires us not to sacrifice the necessary content or clearly instructions as a price。So，The generation of narrowing language is contained in two basic aspects。What needs to be explained is，As long as it can meet the requirements of conveying the necessary content clearly in a concise form，Then there can be more than one thumbnail form，Specific choice is still affected by other factors。

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Unit，Indications、Group or belongs to a mechanism、Various departments of the group。Positioning of the unit name，Refers to the name of the name between the name refers to the aiming relationship between the unit。There are two different naming methods that can be accurately positioned，Naming and Naming of meaning。

meaning naming refers to naming units based on historical origin or literature classics，often with a certain meaning。For example，Tsinghua University is named because the location Bet365 lotto review of the "Tsinghua Garden" of the Garden of the Qing Dynasty was named。

Naming refers to the location of the unit、affiliated department、Open the purpose and other nature positioning naming。Most Beijing universities adopt this method。Typical name mode is: "Activity name+professional type+unit nature"。Where，The orientation name belongs to the horizontal nature (such as，Beijing and Shanghai、Guangzhou and other locations relative)，Professional types are vertical properties (such as，Different from schools from other types of schools)，Plus the nature of the college's own unit (university、College, etc.)，You can make precise positioning of the unit。

Basic narrowing methods of modern Chinese vocabulary are: interception and tightening。Different naming methods apply different shrinkage methods，Meaning Naming colleges and universities are mostly interception，Naming colleges and universities are mostly tightened。

　　Allability method

The narrowing process of the Naming Unit is relatively complicated，Generally involved the following methods。

Basic tightening method，The general step is the word "division+keyword" combination。For example，Beijing University of Science and Technology — Beijing/Technology/University -University of Science and Technology。The principle of its basic contraction is，Name the name of the college name to decompose the different nature of the positioning，Summary integrated separately，Therefore, it meets the requirements that retain the necessary information。In terms of word division，Because it is disassembly of different positioning Bet365 app download properties，The word unit unit should try to meet the requirements of the positioning nature。such as，Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics，Aerospace is the overall description of the school's professional type，So the division of words should be "Beijing/Aerospace/University"，instead of "Beijing/Aviation/Aerospace/University"。

It is worth noting that，The name obtained according to the basic tightening method cannot be clearly referred to the unit referred to as the unit or the generics produced，Frequent special modification methods，Mainly two types of extended characters and refined words。Delayed characters from the keywords of one of the words extend to the back word。For example，Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine，Words are divided into: Beijing/Chinese Medicine/University，But the combination of "North" and "China" cannot be clear，So it is postponed until the word "medicine"，constitute "North Chinese Medicine"。Refined word refers to the division of words to further refine and re -select the combination of keywords。For example，University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences，Words are divided into: China/Social Sciences/University，But "Social University" cannot convey all the contents of the school's nature elements，So the words are re -divided into words: China/Social/Sciences/University，referred to as "Chinese Social Sciences"。

Further narrowing method also uses in actual life，It is to omit some positioning keywords for some positioning keywords。For specific operations，Also consider various factors。First，bet365 Play online games This is related to modern Chinese rhythm habits。Chinese is more accustomed to using dual words。Therefore, in the typical naming mode of "horizontal positioning+vertical positioning+nature of colleges"，Meet the words that can be deflected further in the premise of the meaning of words。For example，"Renmin University of China" can be called "People's Congress"，There are not many universities named after China "people"，The popularity of Renmin University can guarantee that this abbreviation does not produce ambiguity。Next，This is also related to the number of words，Shining name Stress Avoiding lengthy。For example，"Beijing Second Foreign Language Academy" — Beijing/Second/Foreign Language/College，But the actual abbreviation is "North Erwai"，Even further referred to as "two outside"。

Various methods involve keyword selection，Select follow the "Principles of the First"，is to use the first word in the word as a keyword，But there are some exceptions。Although the first word is generally preferred to use the word，But you also need to consider whether the selected keyword can represent the full word meaning。There are many standards for judging representativeness，The correspondence of the meaning of the meaning of the keyword and the meaning of the words、Consistency of Words, etc.。A typical example is，Beijing Film Academy。The thumbnail in accordance with the principle of taking the lead is called "North Dian"。But the word "movie" is a partial structure，"Shadow" and "Movie" is bet365 Play online games consistent，The relationship is closer。，The original meaning of "electricity" is a kind of attribute of material，It is easy to associate with words such as "power" and "electrical"，So its representative shrinking name is "North Shadow"。but but，"Bei Dian" and "Beiying" can be heard in daily life，This is actually the result of the principle and representative principles from different perspectives。

　　Shin can not get rid of daily language habits

Except the above principles，There are some restricted factors，Pay attention to the composition of the thumbnail。

First is the context factor。In different language environments，The tap name of the unit name may be different。This context includes occasions、Object、History、Culture, etc.，It is possible to have an impact on the contraction result。Take Beijing Language University as an example，It is officially referred to as "Northern Language"，But many people are also used to using the "Language University" for short。This is because in the specific geographical area of ​​"Beijing"，There is no need to emphasize the obviously known word "Beijing"，To highlight the different nature of the school name，People call it "Language University"。

Rhythm factors also have important positions。The production of a narrowing word，Sometimes you also pay attention to the beauty of the rhythm。Generally speaking，The acceptance of flat matching is often higher。According to Sun Zan's point of view，The words "north", "rational" and "big" in Beijing University of Science and Technology are all snoring，Don’t go smoothly when reading，Taking the bet365 Play online games word "Gong" with Yinping as the tail，Can meet people's requirements for rhythm and beauty。

To avoid ambiguity，Semantic clear factors cannot be ignored。Take China Agricultural University as an example，Because the word "Chinese peasant" in modern Chinese，It means farmers between poor farmers and rich farmers，To avoid misunderstandings，Generally referred to as "Agricultural University"。

Also to avoid misunderstandings，Also consider field factors，That is, there are different industries in different application areas，The principle of thumbnails will also be different。For example，China University of Mining and Technology is used to "Mining University" instead of "China Mining"，Because "China Mine" is more inclined to the name of an industrial group or enterprise，It is not easy to think of universities。

Analysis of the simplicity of colleges and universities，We can find that the conventional method and basic principles of modern Chinese deflection of the unit name。At the same time，We also see the abbreviation of universities that can be widely accepted，Basically, we have achieved as much as possible at the same time as possible，This also gives how new unit institutions in the communication activity can improve the communication efficiency，Bringing useful inspiration and thinking。

　　(Author Unit: Department of Linguistics at Beijing Language University)