Traditional cognitive science believes that physical and mental is two independent systems,But,Embodied Cognition theory denies the dual cognitive outlook on body and cognition。More and more empirical research evidence shows that the experience and perception experience includes in the process of cognition,Our body is not only a sense of cognitive and a conductor,It is also part of the cognitive formation process。Language exchanges in real life rarely rely on a single listening model,Instead of integrating vision、Moving Astrology、Multiple modes such as touch perception,Therefore, language learning should also be essentially multimodal。Therefore, multi -modal teaching encourages integration of different sensory modes,instead of excessive dependence on listening and speaking like traditional foreign language teaching。
bet365 best casino games "Experience Cognition" or "Experience Learning Paradigm" Based on such a theoretical framework in the two -character voice training: the rhythm of language (rhythm、Expenses、Sentences, etc.) In the voice and consignment levels, the body movements are closely linked with gestures,Therefore, the combination of physical and discourse can effectively promote the learning of voice。Multi -mode voice teaching has extensive cognitive resources to be mobilized,For example, the graphic voice spectrum and audio high curve (vision)、Gesture (moving)、touch (touch), etc.。Where,Gestation has a wide range of applications in practice because of integrating visual and moving information without designing special teaching aids。In research practice,Visual voice information requires computer -assisted teaching,There are requirements for teaching equipment but not high participation in the conscious system,Therefore, many scholars use it as a separate research branch,Multi -mode teaching under the cognitive framework generally use gestures、Touch, etc. Teaching strategy involved in the perceptual system。
Because the relationship between body and cognition is inseparable,Talk is the most important expression tool for cognition,The gesture generated under the domination of the body's motion system appears in discourse、At the junction point of cognitive and sports senses。So,Human gesture and language are under the same cognitive system,Share the same communication system。So,Gestures play a role that cannot be ignored in individual cognitive development and language learning。For this,Many scholars have proposed a series of models and hypotheses to explain gestures in language processing、The role of cognition and learning。
In terms of discourse output,r. Krauss and others established the "Lexical Gesture Process Model" in 2000,It is believed that using gestures can help vocabulary extraction,This is conducive to discourse output。2003,s. Kita and A.? 魻 Zyürek proposed "Interface Hypothesis",This bet365 Play online games hypothesis believes that the gesture can help the spatial information contained in the speaker's organization's discourse,Then optimize discounted output。2017,Kita et al. Promote the hypothesis as "GESTURE-For-Conceptualization Hypothesis", I believe that all symbolic (iconic) gestures are meaningful,Both are conducive to language and thinking activities,Because symbolic gestures can be graphics (schematize),Convenient for people to form concepts (Conceptualization)。
In terms of discourse perception,j. P. De Ruiter proposed "Asymmetric Redundance Hypothesis" in 2017。This bet365 Play online games hypothesis believes that gesture provides additional visual information for language exchange,These visual information can assist the two parties perception and understanding dialogue,Therefore, the gesture is not only auxiliary communication,It can also improve communication quality。
In terms of cognition and learning,Most studies believe that gestures can reduce cognitive burden,meaningful gestures can significantly reduce the occupation of work memory、Reduce cognitive pressure and consolidate knowledge and memory。Of course,Some studies have shown that excessive use of gestures will pass redundant information to increase students' cognitive burden,Bring a negative learning effect。This prompts us in multi -mode teaching,Sensory stimuli for students should be appropriate、Practical principles。Based on the above understanding,Multi -mode teaching fully combines the body and cognition,Maximum the role of experience cognition in the teaching process。
Multi -mode teaching has a positive effect on foreign language voice learning.Specific to the study of foreign language voice,According to the nature of the learning object, it can be divided into teaching and teaching at the level of the audio level。Under the framework of multi -mode teaching, the following means are used to connect the body's sensory sensory sensory and cognition,And there have been a large number of empirical research evidence indicating its effectiveness。First,Beat GESTURE (Beat GESTURE) and the part of the stream of the stream,To improve the accent of foreign language learners and assist words memory。2,Use gestures to describe the height features (such as drawing the upper right to the upper right) to help the study of the tone tone。third,Gesture of using horizontal movement to describe the long characteristics of the sound,This move can be used to teach the pronunciation of long vowels。Fourth,Use the method of shooting to fit the rhythm characteristics of the language,Make students' discourse output more in line with the rhythmic rhythm of the purpose language,to improve the overall pronunciation quality。Except rhythm,Existing studies,Shooting is helpful to master the time of time (Mora-Timed) language (such as Japanese) and syllables (Syllable-Timed) long voice (such as French).。Recently, some studies have also studied the rhythm characteristics of the purpose of the purpose of the purpose of the purpose of the purpose of the purpose of the purpose of the purpose of the purpose in the way of stepping on the knot or the finger.,and achieved positive training effect。
other,Also research on the basis of motion information added music and melody,To help youth or children learn the pronunciation of new words。This method has been proved to not only effectively help students remember new words,The pronunciation of the acquired words is more accurate than the pronunciation learned through traditional teaching methods。
In terms of audio level,The current research is still in the preliminary stage,It is mainly concentrated in the error correction of specific pronunciation features。For example, quickly open the tightly -clenched fist to describe the strong air flow when depicting the gas -to -sound sound and resistance; Size。
other,DICTIC gesture to guide students to observe the teacher's mouth、Movement of the pronunciation organs and obvious tuning movements (such as lip sound、Lip tooth sound and inter -teeth tone) is confirmed to be simple and easy to use and significant effect。
Except for specific gestures,Touch information can also help students master the pronunciation features。Typical as if you feel the state of the tongue in the teeth with your fingers to train the pronunciation of the tone of the teeth,Put your hands near the Bet365 app download vocal cords and feel the vocal cord vibration when the vinyin pronunciations are pronounced,Put your hand in front of your lips and feel the airflow of the air.。What needs to be pointed out is,At the level of the sound section,The above multi -modal teaching methods can better improve students' pronunciation ability,But the improvement of perception ability is limited。
Discover the application prospects of multimodal voice teaching.It is not difficult to see,Multi -mode voice teaching has broad application prospects。On the basis of existing research,Trial examples are as follows。
The existing research has confirmed from many aspects that multi -modal teaching has a positive role in words and sentence pronunciation,In practice, you can try to promote it to the session level。The ultimate purpose of voice teaching is to cultivate students' ability to produce independently at the session level,and the popular communication teaching method nowadays is not corrected by pronunciation errors。In the future classroom, you can try to combine multi -modal voice teaching methods with communication teaching methods,Flows the bonus effect。
Audio level and rhythm characteristics have a relationship of mutual restraint,Now sporadic studies have shown that training on rhythm may help the acoustic sound level。and the meta -analysis data in the field of two -character habit,"Implicit Training" has a certain advantage in maintaining the stability of students' self -speaking capacity。Let the body participate in the acquisition of rhythm characteristics,The accuracy of the pronunciation of the overall pronunciation level and the audio level of the audio segment is a application scenario that is an application scenario。
In terms of foreign language teaching in primary and secondary schools,Multi -mode teaching method is worth promoting。More and more small language has entered the classroom bet365 Play online games of primary and secondary schools,For children and adolescents,Traditional listening training method is not only boring and inefficient; for the school,Voice training experience accumulated in English classroom may not be able to migrate in other foreign language classrooms。Multi -mode voice teaching is not only vivid and interesting,and have achieved a lot of research results in the small language acquisition,For reference。
Multi -mode voice teaching method is still blank to fill in Chinese voice teaching。At present, only the study of tones and pumping sounds in this field,But in fact, there are a large number of sound segments and rhythm phenomena in foreign Chinese,It is difficult for overseas Chinese learners,These can be included in the research scope of multi -modal voice teaching。Teachers can design a multi -mode teaching plan based on existing research,and gradually try to conduct empirical research with the advantages and disadvantages of various teaching solutions with quantitative assessment。In view of the huge Chinese learning crowd overseas,This topic has better application prospects。
Empirical research of the terminal more,The theoretical summary is less。Since this field is newer,Most studies are still in the assumptions -verification assumptions -the stage of derived the specific conclusion,It is effective when solving specific problems,But the system of research has not been seen yet,No meta analysis to quantify the effect of comparing various training methods and summarize the theoretical model。This may become a key topic in the next few years。
Except for traditional evaluation methods,Many laboratory has begun to introduce neuroscience,Including event -related potentials (Event Related Potential,ERP)、ECG、Eye Instrument, etc.。From the perspective of psychology Bet365 lotto review and psychological linguistics, the impact of multi -modal teaching on voice acquisition is imperative,Research in this area will promote the development of teaching research。
(Author Unit: Department of Translation and Linguistics of Pompeius Fabra University in Pompeii)
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