Cheng Xian and Qihou: Han Yu, who stands at the turning point of the history of thought
January 12, 2021 09:28 Source: "Chinese Social Sciences" January 12, 2021, No. 2088, Issue 2088

About Han Yu's position in the history of thought,Chen Yinque once had such an evaluation: "Those who retreat,In the history of the Tang Dynasty culture and academic history, the characters who turned the old to the new customs were also。"The meaning of Chen's" On Han Yu ",The key point is not "inheritance",and care about "Qi Qi",It is said that Han Yu is the pioneer of opening Zhao Song to surrender the new Confucianism。Uniqueness,Qian Mu is also referred to in "The Academic History of China Nearles 300 Years",Fanzhi Song scholars must start in Tang,and Changli Han's Rate ",More clearly the historical positioning of Han Yu's "after the opening"。、Qian's knowledge and influence,This view is quickly accepted for the academic community、Agreement,Become an endless theory。Since then, there are people who talk about the title of Song and Ming Dynasty,Most of them take Han Yu as the starting point,Chen Lai's "Song Ming Li"、Yang Lihua's "The Fifteenth Lecture of Song and Ming Confucianism" can be represented by the representative。However, the author thinks,To make such an interpretation and judgment,You need to accurately grasp the basic appearance of Han Yu's doctrine,and carefully examine the specific situation accepted by Song Ru,If you have lost your inspection,Fear of misunderstanding。

Han Yu's ideological doctrine is not complicated,The main thing is to have Bet365 app download three points: Zun Mencius、Tree Tonglong、Elder Buddha。Mencius learning is the theoretical source of Han Yu's thought,Tree Tonglong、The Elder Buddha comes from the reference from Meng Xue。"Mencius" has outlined a Yao、Shun、Yu、Tang Zhiwen、Wu、Zhou Gong to Confucianism from Confucius to Confucius,Han Yu take it directly as its own use,Mencius attach Mencius to its tail,Called "The Confucius Biography Mencius,Death,Can't pass on ",Powerful to continue Mencius,The bloodline of orthodox Confucianism that continues the long -term interruption,"Taoism" theory has a prototype。Mencius,"Yang Zhu、Mo Zhai's words Ying the World ",Confucianism is not Chang,Han Yu in Japan,Therefore, Mencius takes "from Yang Mo" as its responsibility。Han Yu in Japan,"The harm of the elderly,Too Yang Mo ",The feudal ruler believes in the Buddha's elderly leading to the chaos of Chaogang,and the temple's economic expansion and increase the burden of the people,Confucian concept and ideological dominance of the country are severely invaded。This situation is unbearable with the authentic and self -demeanor of Confucianism,Therefore, he takes "the old Buddha" as a business for life。Following Yang Mo and the Elementary Buddha are always things that have similar natures in different historical eras,All the measures of Confucianism at the moment of crisis survival,And Meng Xue once again provided Yin Jian for Han Yu。

Due to Han Yu’s respect,Mencius's status gradually increases,From the Tang Dynasty to the two Song Dynasty,continued a "upgrade" process,Especially in bet365 Play online games the second journey、Where Zhu Xi,Meng Xue has attracted much attention,The theoretical origin and ideological core of becoming a science,"Mencius" is also upgraded from the sub -book to "Jing"。From this perspective,It is said that Han Yu affected Song Xue self -esteem。but,If we do a little deeper inspection,So things do not seem so simple。

One,Although Han Yu and Cheng Zhudu Chongmeng,But its focus is very different。As mentioned earlier,Han Yu's draw on Meng Xue is mainly reflected in the establishment of Taoism、Rejects the difference between the difference,I don't deliberately intend to be in other theoretical views of Meng Xue。For example, Mencius claimed to be sexual good theory,Han Yu does not agree with,Instead of advocating the three -product of sex; but in Cheng Zhu,,Sexuality Theory is the core of the ideology of science。Visible,Han Yu's Chong Meng,It is intended to make a historical reference for the handling of the current real affairs through Mencius、Provide solutions。In this sense,Meng Xue is not a purpose but a means for Han Yu。Chong Meng of a scientist is different,They almost accepted Mencius’s doctrine,Establish a new Confucian ideological system on the basis of mental nature,Meng Xue is its foundation and kernel。

Its two,Although Cheng Zhu consolidated from Han Yu, he took the "Tao Tong" big banner,But in the end it excluded Han Yu outside。Han Yuyan "Mitigation",Only at Mencius,Xun Qing after Mencius、Yangxiong people must not be listed in the door wall,The history of Confucianism is not consistent,Most of the later generations Bet365 lotto review will not say it,As Mencius in the early Song Dynasty、Xunzi、Yangxiong、Wang Tong、Han Yu is "Five Sages"。迨 to Zhu Xi's words,Fu from Han said,Mencius as a truncated midflow,Two -way as a continuation,Called Han Yu but "vaguely like a slightly ears",There is a meaning of negligence。Zhu Xi learned like Huang Qian, "the way of Confucius and Mencius,Week、Cheng、Zhang Zi successively; Zhou、Cheng、Zhang Zi's way,Mr. Wen Gong Zhu successively,Biography of this Taoism,Can test in the world ",Directly eliminate Han Yu,Inheritance of Confucius and Mencius,"Dao Tong" said that fixation。

Its three,from Tang to Song,Confucian and Buddha、The relationship between Dao Erjiao also moves from mutual rejection to mutual integration,"Old Buddha Old" lost the meaning of the times。Han Yu's "Old Buddha Old" has its profound history and practical reasons,In particular, the East Biography of Buddhism has triggered a fierce conflict in the field of ideology,also brought politics、Comprehensive changes in various fields of economy and society,The contradiction reaches the peak of the peak.。But with the establishment of the Song Dynasty,Buddhism has completed the localization process,No longer with Confucianism,Three religions have maintained long -term stable balance。What's more,Song Ru attacked Buddha、The way of thinking and theoretical resources of Dao Erjiao,In the construction of the new Confucian system,"Old Buddha Lao" changes as "Rong Buddha Lao",Han Yuzhizhi couldn't talk about it。

To sum up,From the surface, it seems that Han Yu inspired Song Xue,But Bet365 lotto review there is a huge gap between each other in essence。The same Zun Meng,Song Ru and Han Yu focus on it; Tongshu Tun,Song Ru drove Han Yu out of the door wall;,Attitude is judged to cloud mud。Han Yuzhi in Song Ru,Rather than being accepted,It is better to be abandoned。

This difference between Han Yu and Song Ru, especially Cheng Zhuxue,Show the fundamental change of the concept of Confucianism between the Tang and Song dynasties。Qian Mu talked about,"Han Tang Confucianism is seeking 'good rule',This is the same in the early days of Song Confucianism。and a scientist Xing,Zhanshi is as a "True Confucian" "。Han Yuzhizhi Meng、preach、Volume Buddha,Pointing to real politics and economic problems,Do not care about the theory of building a tree and the denominations,The doctrine of Mencius can only be used as what you can use、It can be dependent on the reference,instead of paying attention to its overall overall situation。Song agent is different,They use Mencius to learn the new Confucian ideological system,Seeking metaphysical theoretical construction,Deliven "Inner Saint",slightly wider at the actual political level。From Han Yu to Cheng Zhu,Actually it is a big steering of the history of Chinese thought, especially the history of Confucianism,,From the perspective of the dominance of Confucianism,It has shifted from political realism to moral idealism,Among them, accompanied by the process of Meng Xue's promotion and derogation。

Meng and Yan are the masters of the pre -Qin Confucianism after Confucius,Its ideology advocates homologous and different bet365 Play online games flow,Quite,Ru Mencius Master Good、Independent King's Tao and Xunzi Lord、Wang Ba also uses, etc.。From the perspective of historical development,Xue Xue is close to the needs of the times,Seeking new and changing,Not restricted in original dogma,For the reality,,It can be regarded as a pulse of Confucian political realism,The Confucianism since the Han and Tang Dynasties is mostly consistent with Xue Xue,Therefore, Kang Youwei is called "Tang before the Tang Dynasty"。Mengxue's internalization of rituals,Directly pointing to human heart,Emphasize moral transcendence,Adhere to the critical position of reality,It can be regarded as a pulse of Confucian moral idealism,After the interpretation of the two Song Dynasty scientists,Finally became the official doctrine in the late Song and early Yuan and early Yuan,Leading for hundreds of years of atmosphere。What is meaningful is,From Sima Qian "Biography of Mencius",Meng Yi's Qi number follows the practice,Only Han Yu,Mencius "Alcohol"、Xunzi's "Geterol and Small defects" is evaluated,So the origin of the Yang Meng Mengzhuan Movement,Although there are objections in later generations,But Cheng Zhu was completely sitting on the position of Meng You's inferiority,Xue Xue Yue is obscure。

In fact,Han Yu suppressed 荀 荀,But I still regard Xunzi as the Confucianism of "Big Alcohol",Called "Fresh and Fresh with Confucius",also known as Meng、荀 荀 荀,Denesty and praise,Never see Xue Xue without any place。In terms of spiritual temperament,Han Yu asked for "good rule",Follow the political reality,bet365 best casino games I am adhering to the style of the Confucian of the Han Dynasty,Essentially consistent with the characteristics of Xue Xue。The so -called "Raising Mengqi、Xingxue Xue "said,It seems to be the most suitable on Han Yu。Therefore,Han Yu, standing at the turning point of the history of thought,"After the opening", the place to be capable or has,and "inheritance" is also considerable,Do not loses the whole leopard in one gossip。

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