Inherit the excellent traditional culture of China，It is necessary to "live"，Because of these sweaty bulls, the literature is the most important Chinese traditional culture、Most comprehensive、The most systematic carrier。Ancient books are sorting out the basic way of "living" in ancient literature，The level and quality of the ancient books compiled，It requires a lot of professional conditions to ensure，Among them, the most basic is literature linguistics。Document Linguistics is both ancient Chinese，It is also an emerging science，With distinctive Chinese characteristics。Literature linguistics is the interpretation of the excellent traditional culture of China、Learning of inheritance，It is also the study of the root of ancient books。Vigorous development、Construction of Literature Linguistics，It is a disciplinary guarantee for the continuous development of ancient books。Construction and developing literature Linguistics is of great significance，It is worth strong support。

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Our existing ancient literature includes unearthed literature and handed down literature。The main nail bone text of the unearthed literature、Jinwen、Warring States League Book、Xi Yin、Jane、Book、Dunhuang literature, etc.。Documents obtained from these archeological excavations，Determination of the times，No changes to future generations，Very precious。According to the Statistics of the Centers for the Protection of the National Ancient Books，There are 200,000 species in existing ancient books in my country，The total amount of the word is about 20 billion words。

Since the founding of New China，We have completed a lot of large projects in the collation of ancient books。Starting in 1958，Hundreds of literary and historical experts nationwide gathered Beijing，After 20 years，Completed more than 47 million words of "Twenty -Four History" and "Draft of the Qing History".。Since then，Nearly 100 million words "China Tibetan Sutra"、Over 200 million words of "Chinese Tibetan Scriptures"、Nearly 200 million words "Tao Tibetan"、"Oracle Collection" with more than 40,000 pieces of oracle bones，and "Chinese Ancient Books", "Continuous Four Books", "Ancient Yi Series Three Editor"、All are large，All are large、Giant system with a large scale，Fully shows the style and strength of the new Chinese ancient books and publishing industry。Where，"Continued Four Books" is the largest set of ancient books in New China，5213 types of receipts。

Current，The academic forces compiled by ancient books in our country mainly come from the training of colleges and universities，Ancient Books Organization and Ancient Books Protection Bet365 app download Practitioners are distributed in colleges and universities、Press、Library and other units，and from the perspective of the publishing power of ancient books, it is a special combination。Ancient books and publishing need to solve the following main problems。

First，Form a reasonable discipline system。The downstream of ancient books is published by ancient books、Digitalization of ancient books，The upstream of the ancient books is talent training。Talent training involves many disciplines，The most critical basic discipline is literature linguistics，The subject discipline is classical literature，Disciplines of Guanxin are Chinese history and their specialized history。Current，Only in the "Literature" professional cultivation of ancient books and organizing talents，The pattern of this historical formation can no longer meet the actual needs of ancient books formed。

2，Improve ancient books and finishing、Effective supply of publishing power。If you publish 800 calculations in the book publishing books in academic ancient books every year，Single of 160,000 ancient books (excluding unearthed documents) that has not been sorted out in any form，Do not talk about repeated finishing，It takes 200 years。Even if one -third of the 160,000 ancient books books are selected and published first，It also takes about 70 years，Moreover, there are constant unearthed documents。Obviously，Such progress and unearthed literature、The requirements for "living" in the handed down literature are extremely disproportionate。So，Ancient Books Collection、Ancient book publishing forces need to be enhanced urgently，Urgent need to increase the effective supply of talents。

third，Improving planning methods and ideas。Develop a book publishing plan for ancient books，This system can ensure the orderly and quality of ancient books and publishing。The basic way to formulate the plan now is，Directed by the National Ancient Books Compiled and Publishing Planning Group，Relying on the publishing institutions of various places，Invite experts from all parties to discuss，Draft formed on the basis of summoning meetings in the sub -region，Further soliciting expert opinions，Formation of planning。Based on this method，The planned books listed in the planned ancient books are prone to lack of discipline overall consciousness，Therefore, it cannot be included in the scientific track of the disciplinary needs from the nationwide，Lead of repeated publishing，Waste publishing resources。For this，It can be summoned by the disciplinary category to propose the book planning opinions of ancient books，Supplement as an existing plan formulation method。

Fourth，Increase the amplitude and speed of "living" in ancient books。Ancient books published in accordance with modern ancient books and using literature linguistics Bet365 lotto review knowledge are not many，Classic、Large -scale ancient books are mostly photocopied and published。and in line with modern scientific research and modern sorting books required by the people's reading，All subjects who need to have the special knowledge of literature and linguistics are devoted to energy，Perform refined finishing，This is the effective form of "living" in ancient books。

　　Document Linguistics is the root of the ancient books

Whether it is unearthed literature，Still handed down literature，All cultural products of a specific era。These literatures write in the text of a specific era to write a specific period of the language，Real preservation of a generation culture。Inheritance and Development of Chinese Excellent Traditional Culture，It is necessary to study and discover these treasures。First of all, you must read them，This requires the study of the language and text of the dynasties。This kind of learning based on ancient literature，is literature linguistics。

Literature unearthed，Especially the unearthed literature of the two Han Dynasty，The text is rich and colorful，Conteristometer variety、Gui Guo，Only by literature linguistics experts, especially ancient text experts, identify and interpretation，can you know and read these oracle bones、Jinwen、Literature written by ancient texts such as Jane。The continuous cracking of the problems in the unearthed literature，It is the result of the unremitting efforts of a generation of literature linguistics experts and ancient text experts。Like an unearthed literature、Ancient text needs experts to do special research，More a lot of handed down literature (that is, ancient books)，Experts who also need literature linguistics disciplines have made unremitting efforts。

Take the simplest "one" in Chinese as an example，As Chinese characters，Naturally, no test interpretation，Even in Oracle、The literature written by ancient texts such as Jinwen can also be recognized at a glance，But this does not mean that "one" in ancient literature really understands everyone。Actually，If the hard work of the literature linguist，Many "one" in the ancient books really cannot accurately understand its meaning。Lu Ji "Sighing Fu": "Gu Lan must be in relics，Eleven to thousands of。"Eleven" if it is used as "11", it is very wrong。This Fu is Lu Ji emotion "，Destroyer; Make a close friend，Written in half "and write，The meaning of this sentence is: Looking back at the surviving and old friends，I have no more than a hundred people。So，The "eleven" in this sentence refers to "one tenth"。Many times，"One" in the ancient document has completely not seen what is related to the number，This kind of discovery is also from literature linguist。"Yan Zi Chunqiu · Ask Eighteen": "The ancients were a hundred miles and a different study，Thousands of miles of vulgar，Therefore, King of Ming Dynasty，Yimin bet365 Play online games Tong Custom。"" This sentence is about the issue of governing the country and governing the country，The "one" in it does not represent numbers。"The King of the King of Ming Dynasty，One folk common customs "means: Shengming's monarchy 饬 饬 饬，Make ordinary people、The same customs are the same。Visible，The meaning of "one" and "the same" in which is very similar，Use verbs，Is the use method。

Look at the "Tao" in the book "The Analects"。Road，Is the original meaning of "Tao"，such as "the way is far away";、Method; "Although trail，The "Tao" that must be considerate "refers to technology、Skills; "Chao Wen Tao，The "Tao" of the death of death refers to the truth、Law; "The Tao" of "My Tao" refers to thoughts、Scholars、Proficiency; "Tao" of "Master's Self -Tao" means describing the saying; "Tao" of "Gentleman Tao" means "Tao"; The meaning of the "Tao" of the world "means a good political situation; the" Tao "that" has not changed to the father's way in three years "refers to a reasonable behavior;，There is such a rich and complicated meaning，If you can’t tell clearly one by one，Naturally, you cannot accurately understand the meaning of the original text。

The seemingly simple "one" and "Tao"，It's so not easy，Besides, there are still a large number of rare words and complicated words in ancient literature、Semantic。Correct interpretation of such words，Then depend on literature linguistics。Document Linguistics plays an irreplaceable role in the interpretation and inheritance of Chinese classics，It is the study of the root of ancient books。

　　Literature linguistics has distinctive Chinese characteristics

Ancient language，Including records of their Oracle and various ancient words，Is the activated stone of Chinese civilization，It is also a historical treasure that Chinese culture can inherit and carry forward。Pay attention to language research，Place language and text in a lofty status，is an excellent tradition of the Chinese nation。As early as the pre -Qin period，The ancients already knew that language and words were development，The coming of any new era "will definitely follow the old name，There are new names "; Han Dynasty people realized that their predecessors could" hang back "、The text that can be "known" after generation is "the basis of Jingyi，Wang Zheng's beginning "。Around the classic interpretation，Focus on text analysis、Training 诂 test、Chinese traditional language and text in Chinese language research，Stretching for more than 2000 years，The results are extremely good。

100 years ago，Chinese language research on Chinese language has embarked on the road of moving forward under the leadership of Western Linguistics，Although many results have been achieved，In particular, a lot of achievements have been achieved，But the exploration of Chinese language and the internal laws of Chinese language and the construction of the theoretical system Bet365 lotto review have always been solved。Western Xue Kejian，But after all, there is its limitations。Reading of literature problems in ancient Chinese books and language、Explanation Question，They have nothing to do after all。Practice proof，Incorporate Chinese language research into the analysis system of Western linguistics，After all, it is Fang Xun Yuanchian、Treatment of Silkiba。Even grammar research，It is also out of the way to "Yi Xing the West"。

Linguists have already insight into this point。Mr. Wang Li keenly discovered this problem in the 1930s，and "demonstrated the establishment of a Chinese grammar system to establish a Chinese grammar system with a lot of disadvantages"; Mr. Luo Changpei also pointed out in the early 1950s，"Ma's Wendong" "Fifty years later，The stage of stagnation at the stage of 'Latin Grammar Certificate' or the Latin Grammar Certificate "。and，Chinese generation scholars silently work，Contents of concentration of ancient learning，constantly explore the road of discipline that is based on the actual situation of China but can absorb the essence of Western science。The early 1960s to the 1980s，Mr. Lu Zongda and his disciple Mr. Wang Ning，Absorption of Mr. Huang Jigang's ideological essence，Proposed "Literature Linguistics"。This important proposition has attracted widespread attention in the academic community in recent years，Beginning to be pushed and carried forward。

Mr. Liu Junhui has warned Men's students: The fundamental carrier of national culture is national language、National Text、National history; language and text are the essential elements of national characteristics，Language learning has a special national style、Special research methods and special historical development roads。Inheritance traditional，Integration Modern，Literary linguistics proposed in combination with the actual situation of ancient literature，It is such a discipline with Chinese characteristics，It is the interpretation of the excellent traditional culture of China、Learning of inheritance，It is also the study of the root of ancient books。The reason why Western linguistics in China has always been dissatisfied with water and water，The fundamental reason is that it cannot adapt to the profound humanistic characteristics of Chinese language。Literature Linguistics Promoting Reference、absorption、digesting all advanced linguistic theories and methods in the world，Its root is always based on local、Focus on literature、Pay attention to humanities; especially emphasize the tradition of carrying forward the synthesis of ancient China，In particular, paying attention to the use of multi -disciplinary support to make subtle scientific analysis of materials，Correctly understand the language facts in the material，Then explore the rules。This is a clear Chinese characteristics with literature linguistics。

　　Vigorously build and develop literature linguistics

Whether it is general literature and science，Still specializing in Bet365 lotto review historical literature，The common basic discipline is literature linguistics。In addition to simply photographing，Other forms of modern ancient books are inseparable from the scientific interpretation of literature language and words。So，You need to clarify the subject status of literature linguistics in the current subject system，and incorporate it into the talent training system of ancient books。

Literature Linguistics has distinctive Chinese characteristics，But in the current discipline classification system under the profound influence of westernization，Whether it is the national standard discipline classification system，Still degree awarding discipline classification system，There is no location for literature linguistics，This ancient and Chinese characteristics are eliminated in "Linguistics and Application Linguistics", "Chinese Language and Text", "Chinese Classical Literature", "Chinese Ethnic Language Literature", "Ancient Chinese Characterism", "Archeology" and so on. Discipline。This fundamentally restricts the theoretical construction and scientific application of literature linguistics，It also fundamentally hindered its development。In terms of talent training，This problem looks particularly prominent。

January 13, 2020，"Opinions of the Ministry of Education on the Pilot Reform of the Enrollment Reform of the Basic Discipline in some universities" issued，Decided to carry out the pilot reform of basic discipline enrollment reform in some universities since 2020，Among them, sort out ancient books、China Excellent Cultural Inheritance and Development is closely related to the "Ancient Text" Qiangji Class。The current enrollment is，Peking University、Chinese Language and Literature of Tsinghua University (direction of ancient literature)，Renmin University of China、Fudan University、East China Normal University、Nanjing University、Wuhan University、Shandong University、Wuhan University、Huazhong University of Science and Technology、Sun Yat -sen University、Sichuan University、Chinese Language and Literature of Lanzhou University (direction of ancient literature)，The Chinese Minority Language and Literature of the Central University for Nationalities (direction of ancient literature), etc.。

Ancient Chinese characters are a cross -disciplinary discipline，Involved in language and words、Archeology、Ancient Literature、History and other disciplines，It uses ancient text and various ancient text materials as research objects，Play an important role in exploring the ancient history and culture of ancient China。Discovery of ancient text materials、Sorting and protecting the work，Need to rely on modern archeology; identification and interpretation of ancient text，Need to be based on the overall understanding of the history and laws of the development of the pre -Qin language，That is the foundation of ancient Chinese knowledge and text; the sorting and research of ancient Bet365 app download text materials，Theoretical and methods involved in ancient literature; the combination of ancient text materials and handed down literature，opened new areas and prospects for historical research。but，This name has its specific connotation and extension。For example，The upper limit of the text is limited to the ancient text，It is used to the text that mainly refers to the text before the change，Therefore, the main information of the literature will inevitably be limited to unearthed literature，The handed down literature of the vast sea of ​​smoke did not get the demeanor。So，Need to integrate reasonably，Moderate expansion of connotation and extension including ancient text，so that it can include all ancient literatures in our country，This is a wide diameter that can achieve talent training，can also provide a thick and sufficient talent basis for the training of masterpieces。If the ancient Chinese characters are expanded into literature linguistics，This can solve the lack of insufficient diameter of ancient text，Can integrate classical literature，Then meet colleges and universities、Scientific Institute、Press、Library、Museum and various ancient books digital companies such as ancient books for the cause of relevant talents。

　　(This article is the National Social Science Fund's major project "Ancient Chinese Dialect Literature Integration" (16zda202) phase results)

(Author Unit: Institute of Literature and Linguistics of Beijing Language University)