Yuan Shizu Kublai Khan unified the Central Plains after the establishment of the Yuan Dynasty，Once again created a unification in Chinese history。The Yuan Dynasty inherited the Chinese political tradition，Use the central centralization system，But the management of religion is different from the previous generation。Facing the various ethnic religions that coexist in their territory，The policy of "being softened because of its vulgarity" was widely used by the Yuan Dynasty government。Although the Yuan Dynasty especially advocated Buddhism，But there is no difference in religious policy，Taoism、Buddhism、Christianity and Islam have implemented "governing by vulgarity、Compatible and stored religious policy。Basically in the form of religious management，Special agencies are set up to manage each religion，Management of Buddhism with Xuanzheng court、Jixianyuan Management Taoism、Chongfuji Management Christianity、Back to the Division of Harbin Harbin Management Islam。

The previous dynasties of the Yuan Dynasty mainly used monk's official system and duration of the basic system of managing Buddhist Taoism。The setting of the monk's official system began in the Northern and Southern Dynasties，Monk Taoist officials are mainly sealed by the emperor or selected by the court for high reputation and knowledgeable monks and priests，Folding level and quota，The sequence of the officials of the court and is mainly responsible for assisting the court to supervise the temple view and believers。Du is a certificate of identity by the government department to teach the family of Buddhism and Taoism，Mainly used for inspecting the number of monks and their qualifications。The Tang Dynasty began to implement a system of presence and regular application declaration.，The two systems of the Yuan Dynasty were relatively loose to control the monks as a whole，、The number and qualifications of Taoist monks are less。

Quan Zhendao is the first Taoist Taoist in Taoism and the royal family of the Yuan Dynasty and obtained formal recognition。In the first year of Yuanguang (1222), Qiu Chujie saw Genghis Khan，Genghis Khan Zun called the Qiu Chuji "Qiu Shi Xian"，Given Golden Tiger Character used by Gui Chen，蠲 All the assignments under the door of Quanzhen Education，Also ordered it to manage "the world of good people in the world"。This can be seen，Genghis Khan's sealing to the Qiu Chuji is excellent。Yuan Taizong period，Wo Kuotai Khan built an outlook on Taoist outlook in Hara and Linkong in the Mongolian Plateau，And the all -true Taoist priest Yin Zhiping and Li Zhichang will be given，Require them to send Taoist priests to bet365 live casino games host。With the establishment of the Yuan Dynasty，In the process of unified north and south regions，The government's understanding and management of Taoism in the Yuan Dynasty also formed a relatively systematic institution and mode through continuous adjustment。

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Song and Jin Dynasties，Generally, the famous Taoist priests are titles such as "real people"。The Yuan Dynasty effectively imitated the title of "real people" or "big real person" awarded by the former dynasty，Used to determine the legitimacy of the Pope Master of each faction。Taoist masters who have obtained the seal have autonomous rights for various affairs in teaching。

Tang and Song Dynasties，Given the monk Dao Division is the grace and glory given by the emperor，It is an important means for the imperial court to come down with monks。Gongguan Creation and Gongguan Gifts are also important contents of the government managed Buddhist Taoism in the Tang and Song dynasties，Private palace views are strictly limited。The government manages the number and scale of the temple through the management and control of the temple，to reduce the loss of the national labor and taxation population。and to Genghis Khan period，The Grand Master of Quanzhen Palm has the Taoist Division、Gongguan gives amount、The highest ruling right of various affairs in the ruling of appointment and removal palace viewing。The royal family first acknowledged and sealed the whole true palmism，Quan Zhendao actually obtained a part of the most important religious management right from the royal family。Since then，With the establishment of the Yuan Dynasty，Unification of North and South，Other Taoist Taoist Taoism such as Taiyi、The Zhengyi religion of Zhen Avenue and Jiangnan has contact and associated with the Yuan Dynasty government。Yuan Shizu Kublai Kubili seal the heavenly master、True Avenue Pope Master、True Avenue Pope Master、Taiyi Daozhu Pope Master and Xuanjiao Master Five Avenue School Master，and awarded these five avenue doors a certain religious autonomy。

In the early Yuan Dynasty，The government of the Yuan Dynasty adopted religious management methods different from the Southern Song government，It belongs to its understanding of Taoism management。After the Yuan Shizu Kublai Khan entered the middle of the Central Plains, the understanding of Taoism gradually deepened，Some of the religious management right obtained by Taoist factions such as Quanzhen Dao is gradually reduced and eventually returned to the Central Government of the Yuan Dynasty。

　North and South Division: Yuan Shizu's mid -term adjustment of Taoism management

Yuan Shizu south after the unified Jiangnan，There is a full true Tao in the scope of Taoist management of the Yuan Dynasty、Taiyi Jiao、True Avenue and Jiangnan Zhengyi Teaching、Maoshan Shangqing School、Pavilion Saizong、Emerging Xuanjiao and many other Taoism。Taoism is unique from the northern Quanzhen Bet365 lotto review Tao，The development trend of the Zhengyi faction with the south of Longhu Mountain in the south and the all -true roads is balanced。Facing a new situation，Yu Kublai, ancestor of the Yuan Dynasty, began to adjust and formulate new policies for Taoism management policies，Taoist management of the Yuan Dynasty entered a period of adjustment。

First，Yuan Shizu divided the Taoist affairs management area。Yuan Shizu before the unified Jiangnan，Quan Zhenzhuang Zhang Zhixian was first named the title of "Get in charge of the Taoist Turban Office of the Lu" or "Managing the Lord of the Road"。This position was established from the Yuan Dynasty ancestor and continued to the end of the Yuan Dynasty，As the successor of Quanzhen Palm。According to the author's research，Yuan Shizu before the unified Jiangnan，The scope of the Guanzhen Dao Dao Church should be the northern political district under the jurisdiction of the Yuan Dynasty at that time。

Thirteen years to Yuan (1276)，Longhu Mountain Taoist Zhang Liun Sun with the 36th generation of heavenly masters Zhang Zong as the Yuan Dynasty ancestor。Fourteen years of Yuan，Yuan Shizu's 36th generation of heavenly master Zhang Zong as "Leading Jiangnan Zhuhu Road Teaching"。"(Zhang Tianshi) Give Sanpin Silver Seal，Lord Jiangnan Taoism，You have to get a person who is a Taoist priest。Zhu Lu Lao Division、State Taoist Tao、The county set up Weiyi，All belong to。""，37th to 41st generation Zhang Tianshi is all by the Yuan Dynasty government.。

Longhu Mountain Taoist Zhang Liun Sun Suitian Zhang Zong, Zhang Zong, entered the DPRK，was appreciated and reused by Yuan Shizu。May Fifteenth Year May，Yuan Shizu first appointed Zhang Liusun as "Jiangnan Zhu Road Highway Education"。September of the same year，Yuan Shizu also ordered Zhang Liun to "control Jiangbei、Huaidong、Huaixi、Jingxiang and other roads Xinzhou City Taoism "。In the same year, November，Yuan Shizu awarded the title of "Xuanpo Master" of Zhang Liusun。July of the 25th year of the Yuan Dynasty，Yuan Shizu Ge went to Zhang Liusun's "Jiangnan Zhu Road Highway Tutoring Du"，In addition to Zhang Liun Sun's "Master Xuan Pope、General Photographed JAC Jingxiang and other road education all mentioned the same Xixianyuan to discuss the teaching of Taoism "。From the 15th to the Yuan Dynasty to the 25th year，Heavenly Master Zhang Zong as the head of Jiangnan Taoist affairs，Zhang Liun Sun served as Zhang Tianshi's assistant as the "Jiangnan Zhu Road Highway Education"。Yuan Shizu after recovering Huaidong Huaixi Jingxiang and other places，No appointment Zhang Tianshi or Quan Zhenjiao to jurisdiction，Instead, the Taoist priest Zhang Liun, President Zhang Liu, took a picture of Jianghuai Jingxiang and other roads。Wu Quanjie, Master of Xuanfu, who has since succeeded later、Xia Wenyong and others are always taking pictures of Taoist religion in Bet365 app download JAC Jingxiang and others。Xuanjiao is a Taoist School that has gradually emerged in the support of the royal family of the Yuan Dynasty，until the end of the Yuan Dynasty，Master Xuanjiao has been in control of Taoist affairs in regions such as Jianghuai Jingxiang。

After the ancestor of the Yuan Dynasty, the Song Dynasty was destroyed，Taoism in the Southern Song Dynasty has not intersects the Taoist affairs of the Southern Song Dynasty with the Summary Taoist Trump，In the fifteenth year of the Yuan Dynasty, the three Taoist affairs management areas are re -regulated by the region as the boundary，That is, in charge of the northern roads of the northern road with Quanzhen Road，Xuanjiao Master Division Guan Jiangbei、Huaidong、Huaixi、Jingxiang Taoism，Zhang Tianshi is in charge of Jiangnan Zhuhu Houzhong。You can see，After the unified Jiangnan of the Yuan Dynasty, Yuan Shizu did not allow Quanzhen Tao to obtain jurisdiction over Southern Taoism，Instead, it has adopted a strategy to support the southern Taoism to restrain the whole truth。Yuan Shizu did not let Zhang Tianshi get the power to fully control Southern Taoism，Instead, the Longhu Mountain Taoist Zhang Liusun，It also laid the foundation for the development of the forces under Zhang Liusun and its mate。

Next，After the Yuan Shizu re -assigned three Taoist affairs management areas in the territory，Make an important adjustment of the management of Taoism。Twenty -two years to Yuan，The Yuan Dynasty began to set up Jixianyuan in the Central Government，The management of various Taoist factions across the country is taken in Jixianyuan。Compared with the Tang and Song dynasties，The functions of the institutions of Jixianyuan of the Yuan Dynasty，Guozi Supervisory、Calling Xianliang、Management Taoism、Yin and Yang Sacrifice、Divination and other affairs all under their jurisdiction。In terms of managing Taoist affairs，Jixian Hospital has the position of "Taoism Taoism in Tongxian Xianxian"。This position is mainly selected by the court to serve as the head of the Taoist school，Consultation and suggestions for how to manage Taoist affairs for Jixianyuan，Participate in the management of the entire court for the entire Taoism。Yuandai Literature Record，Quanzhen Road Palm Promotion、The Master of the Taoist Master and Xuanjiao Master San Avenue sent the Master of the Third Avenue of Xuanjiao.，Its management of Taoist affairs also mainly absorbs the whole true Tao、Longhu Mountain Zhang Tianshi and Xuanjiao three Taoist participation in it。

With the establishment of Jixianyuan，The religious autonomy rights owned by each Taoist school before，Especially some religious management rights obtained during Genghis Khan's period of Genghis Khan gradually reduced and was returned to the court。For example，From the 22nd year of Yuanxianyuan，Quan Zhendao coincides with the retirement of Qi Zhicheng, Zhang Zhixian,bet365 best casino games 。This time the full -length doctrine is more than the middle，Qi Zhicheng recommends the new Pope Master, you need to play from Jixian Hospital。At this time, Jixian Hospital has become a central institution for Taoist affairs in the country，Quan Zhendao is also completely under the jurisdiction of Jixianyuan，and the Great Master of Xuanjiao Zhang Liu Sun played a key role in the establishment of Jixianyuan，Twenty -five years of Yuan Dynasty ancestor ancestor ancestor ancestor ancestor ancestor of "predicting Jixianyuan"，Xuanjiao Palm Teachers Starting to hold positions in Jixianyuan。Xuanjiao Master Wu Quanjie is also deeply trusted by the Emperor of the Yuan Dynasty，He and Zhang Liusun can not only participate in the Taoist affairs of Jixianyuan，Also filled the "Jixian University Scholars" and then took charge of the entire collection of Jixian Hospital。From Yuanwuzong to Yuan Shun Shun period，Zhang Wu is in charge of the entire Jixianyuan affairs as Taoist priests。

　　Central Unified Land: Yuan Dynasty's TaoismManagement is mature

Yuan Shizu re -adjusted the management policies and methods of Taoism，Taoist management of the Yuan Dynasty basically formed the central government of the central government，The local pattern mainly based on three Taoist affairs management areas。Jieshi once recorded that the Yuan Dynasty set up Taoist officials in various counties and counties，"Refers to the North and South Taoism, so it receives it"。The Northern Road Highway Education of the Yuan Dynasty in the head of the Quanzhen Road，Jiangbei by the Great Master of Xuanjiao、Huaidong、Huaixi、Jingxiang Taoism and Zhang Tianshi are in charge of the Jiangnan Zhu Road Division area.，Taoist and Taoist daily affairs responsible for managing local officials and Taoism。From this，The government of the Yuan Dynasty gradually matured from the central government to local religion affairs，formed a relatively complete Taoist management system。Specifically，Quan Zhen Road、Longhu Shan Tian Shi Road、The palmism of the three major Taoists of Xuanjiao is appointed by the court，Seal of the second product，Authorized in charge of the affairs of their respective sects in the three major paristers。Below the Three Avenue factions，Set the roads to mention the point as the deputy，In the respective management area of ​​the respective administrative districts, set up a road recording division、State、County Road Zhengwen，Three Avenue Patriotism has direct jurisdiction in the parish。

Taking the management system and method of full authenticity as an example。In the management of Quanzhen Road，All matters in the head of the head of the palmism。Under the palmism, there is a "Together of the Road High School Education"，Local affairs responsible for Quanzhun。Quan Zhendao Mandarinism is awarded the title of "In charge of the Taoism Office of the Road" or "Managing the Lord of the Road"，In fact, in bet365 best casino games charge of the road education in the north。In Taoist affairs in the northern region of the head of Quanzhen Dao，Other traditional runes in the north are placed under the jurisdiction of Quan Zhenjiao。For example, Long Xingguan, the Louisian area of ​​the Yuan Dynasty (now Yixian County, Hebei Province), belongs to the Taoist view of the Taoist Fa in the Masaurus，But because of its scope of the full jurisdiction of Quanzhen Education, it is managed by Quanzhen Education。In the eight years of Zhizheng (1348), the first month，Longxing View Taoist Taoist Tao Denning，You need to teach Yan Deming to the law of the law from the then true hand，"Let the Gate of the Gate of Benzong"。

In the Song Dynasty，The government's management of temple views in various places、Monk Taoist officials、Legal disputes between monks and secular people must notify local roads、State、County Government，The local government is reported to the superior department Shangshu Province or the emperor，After approval, it is conveyed to the local state county for the transfer department，Finally, the state and county supervise temple view or local execution。Through this operation program，The government of the Song Dynasty firmly held the right to control the religious affairs of Buddhism in the Song Dynasty。Comparison of comparison，After the Yuan Dynasty in the Yuan Dynasty,，Kublai Khan divided three Taoist affairs management areas in the Yuan Dynasty。Quan Zhen Road、Zhang Tianshi and Xuanjiao Grand Master Three Pope Master has the Taoist Taoist Center in the respective jurisdictions、Taoist Number and Ziyi、Apply for it for it、Give Gongguan quota、Shengguan to Palace、appointment of Taoist officials、Administrative power of appointment of Zongmen lifting points and palace view abbots。Disputes of Disputes in Education and Education，Taoist Master Master and its subordinates also have the power to participate in the trial。

In short,，The Yuan Dynasty basically held a compatible and packed attitude to treat the religions of all ethnic groups that coexist in their territory，"Governing by vulgar、Compatible and stored ethnic and religious policies are implemented。Compared with the Tang and Song dynasties，The government's control of Taoism is relatively loose，Taoism in the management of household registration、Taxation、Religious justice and other aspects have obtained more rights and interests than the Tang and Song dynasties。The Yuan Dynasty's understanding and management of Taoism has gone through a knowledge startup、The process of adjustment and maturity of mid -term adjustment，This has gradually formed a relatively systematic and complete Taoist management agency and mode。

In this process，Quan Zhendao and Zhengyi fabrics have gained unprecedented development with the support of the royal family of the Yuan Dynasty。In the early Yuan Dynasty，The development of Quanzhen Road to Dingsheng，and the Yuan Dynasty unified bet365 Play online games Jiangnan，Repeat the positive faction with Tianshi Road as the core，This breaks the monopoly position of the whole truth。This can be seen，In religious governance，Yuan Shizu implemented the policy of supporting the southern Taoism to restrain the northern Quan Tao.，The purpose of achieving the forces of the two factions to suppress and balance。This pair of Taoism forms a full true truth、The pattern of the first or two Taoist factions has had an important impact。

The Yuan Dynasty was in a period of important national integration in the history of our country，Veterans of the territory below its governance、This period。This period，Constant communication between Chinese nations、Communication、​​blend。The government's understanding of Taoism gradually deepened，It is becoming increasingly mature in Taoist management due to continuous exploration，This reflects the process of gradually moving towards the integration of the Chinese nation in the integratedness of the Chinese nation in the blend of mutual exchanges and interaction。At the same time，This also presents the debut religion as the local religion of China，Religious characteristics such as local religious and inclusiveness of Chinese religion。Taoism is on the way to the development of religious culture，To promote multi -ethnic integration、The cohesion of the Chinese nation has played an important role。

　　(Author Unit: Institute of Religious Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)