Basic framework of Confucian ecological philosophy
April 19, 2022 09:25 Source: "China Social Sciences", April 19, 2022, Issue 2390 Author: Yu Changyou

The "Heaven and Man" thought of traditional Chinese tradition,The meaning of the meaning is large,profound connotation,There are many people who have always been。For a long time,In the eyes of many scholars,"The unity of heaven and man" is not only the home of Chinese traditional cultural thoughts,And the basic proposition of Confucian ecological philosophy。Contemporary highly respected "the unity of heaven and man" and directly associated with the relationship between the same subject and the relationship between nature,First Push Ji Xianlin。He thinks,"Sky 'is nature,‘Human’ is our human。The relationship between heaven and man is the relationship between man and nature "。The purpose of Mr. Ji's argument is to promote traditional Chinese culture,instead of serious theoretical construction and argument。So,His to "Tian" and "People",Not a definition description,Do not demonstrate why the two can represent nature and humans。Actually,interpreting "the unity of heaven and man" as a harmonious relationship between humans and nature,Not in line with ancient traditions。Well -known,In the history of Chinese philosophy,"Sky" has three meanings: one finger the highest master,Two fingers vast nature,The highest principle of three fingers。Li Shen retrieves "Siku Quanshu",Find more than 200 materials that clearly involve the "unity of bet365 Play online games heaven and man",But the "sky" refers to "the dominance of the sky","Many people today understand‘ heaven ’as nature,Therefore, it is believed that ‘the unity of heaven and man’ is the content of ‘integration of man and nature’; about this view,If one regulations are not found, "。Someone may defend this way: interpret "unity of heaven and man" as "integration of man and nature",Not only does it meet the needs of today's ecological protection,and can be regarded as the beginning of the theoretical creation。But,This interpretation of the contribution to modern ecological civilization and the enlightenment of ecological protection,The meaning is not great。

I think,"Sky、Di、People "and" Three Talent "thoughts are more in line with the purpose of Confucian ecological philosophy than" the unity of heaven and man "。"Zhouyi · Qian Gua · Classical Chinese" said: "Adults and heaven and earth are comparative,Combine with the sun and the moon,Sequence of it with four o'clock,Combat with ghosts and gods,Congenital and Tianfu violated,The day after tomorrow and in the sky。"" ((Big) "and" Tian "and" Earth "are closely cooperated with each other,Provides a overall framework for the harmony of the universe。"Book of Changes · Family" cloud: "Yi" is also a book,Madrid,There is heaven,Somehow,Tunomy。Two talents,Therefore six。Six are not it,Three Talents also。"Here,"Both Three Talent" method is important,That is to integrate three different energy sources at the same time,instead bet365 best casino games of making the three of the three about one or two of them。Pang Pu thinks,The basic method of Confucianism is the "three -point method","Taoism yearn for one,Keep the legalist two; Confucianism advocates three,There are so -called saints ‘and heaven and earth’ ”。Only "three" as the premise,Only the so -called "ginseng (and)" — if it is only "one",No need to "participate",Because they are together; if only "two",There is no "participation",and only "right",That is "opposition"。From the entire process of development of everything: "Sky" can "capital",Permanent power cause; "Earth" can "Shengsheng",Mainly material cause;,Express "Sky",imitation "ground",and based on the creative principle of "one yin and one yang",Promote the smooth realization of "heaven", "earth", "biological" and "object" activity,It can be called formal cause。In other words,"Time (Confer),Together (Supply) Material,Public (Confer) Force ","Heaven", "Earth", "People", are conditions for each other,Together, it constitutes all the existence of cosmic theory,Show heaven、Authentic、Humanitarian integration of creative power。

According to the concept of "three talents" in Confucianism,Sky、Di and people have their own functions and value。"People" as active participants of the harmonious structure of "three talents",It has an important responsibility for promoting and maintaining the harmony of the universe。Along this idea,It is not difficult to infer a set of Confucian principles about natural ecology。First,The principle of Bet365 lotto review "Sky"。Confucianism compares "heaven" to "father",so as to give it the highest status in the "three talents" structure。Structural perspective,"Sky" as "Start Stripe、Final Articles "order structure,It can be transformed into "gentleman is good,There is with the beginning,There is also the end; the gentleman is virtue,There is with the beginning,No Ending "The subjective value consciousness。In other words,"Sky" as the ultimate root of human morals,Not only the source of the sense of intrinsic value and order of individual life,At the same time, it is also based on the ontology of human constructing external order.。Regardless of personal life,It is still the prospect of the well -being of human beings,Both must be based on the integrated order structure of nature and humanities,。

Second,The principle of "ground"。In the Confucian concept,"Earth" is a virtue that maintains the form of all things in all things,Therefore, compare it to "Mother","Kun Di Ye,Therefore, it is called mother "。Therefore,In the process of protecting the environment,"Earth" is undoubtedly the main focus。Although the value of a person lies in the existence of a person itself,But the existence of a person cannot be separated from the field provided by heaven and earth,Especially the life -like nature that is characterized by the earth。Confucian considers,During the natural evolution process,All things in the world are evolved in the situation that is connected with other existences。The interrelated connections of all things bet365 live casino games in the world can be understood as a collaborative relationship between them。If we regard the entire world as "Taihe",So all things that exist in the world are the constituent factors of this harmonious field,All must make contributions to the overall as a whole。According to this understanding,Everything in the world must play a specific role in "Taihe"。When each factor can play its function in its legitimate role,They can get their own place,The whole world can realize the ideal harmonious state。

third,The principle of "people"。People who are the most conscious spirit of the person,"You can participate with the heavens and the earth",is the most magnificent ecological philosophy declaration in Chinese culture。People observe or recognize through the "world of the world",Not only can you explore the creative and wonderful theory of heaven,At the same time, you can go down to the faint mystery of the growth and development of all things,Then consciously participate in the order of the season of the time and educating all things。According to the traditional Chinese cultural position,People and nature or any object,All have independent existence value,It should be "incubation without each other",Therefore, it is not a passive tool that can be arbitrarily fired,and can only be used as an active purpose of self -realization of life creation for life。But the world has no intention or speechless,can only be stated by others for their minds。Because people can do it,,Storer God,The same flow with heaven and earth。So,All humanistic bet365 live casino games creation activities are essentially a concrete manifestation of the spirit of heaven and earth。

Due to the ecological philosophy of the Confucian "heaven and earth",People are not isolated in the natural environment,It is not superior to the natural environment in terms of value,It is just a natural overall element。So,Someone compares it with the "natural protectionism" of the West。The latter thinks,Nature, in addition to having tool value,It also has an inherent value; humans are just a molecule without any special identity in the entire ecosystem,The standard of the right and wrong of our behavior that affects the natural environment,Depending on whether these behaviors can promote the integrity of the entire ecosystem。In philosophical perspective,Both views are all non -human centralism。But at the same time,There is also a significant difference between them。Comparison of comparison,Confucianism gives humans a special status in the universe,Do not advocate that humans are equal to other non -human members in the world。Human mission is to realize the harmony of the universe with "Tian" and "Earth"。From this,Confucian ecological philosophy view may be summarized as a lifeist ecological concept that can be summarized as a "real creature"。This ecological concept emphasizes that the universe is life,Life activities are creative activities that require multiple conditions to cooperate with each other。Only people can consciously create this activity of this life,Actively stand for the heaven and earth,endorsement for heaven Bet365 app download and earth,"Counselor of the World and Education"。In short,Confucian "Three Talents" Universe Harmony,Pay attention to the overall harmony,While giving non -human entities with ethical value,shows the dominant position of people。

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