It is well known，Contemporary knowledge based on the position of natural science，In -depth discussion on the production and confirmation of natural science，Constructing contemporary knowledge theory that is completely different from psychiatric science。Natural Science Production Knowledge，Objectiveness of Knowledge、Truth、OK，has been widely accepted。The dilemma faced at the moment is，From Dilai，The difference between natural science and psychiatric science，Mainly differences in cognitive results and methods，Opinions of different camp contradictions are increasingly acute。From the standpoint of traditional epistemology，The so -called understanding and meaning of psychiatric science，Deep difference between the explanation and facts of natural science。The research object of natural science is the objective material world，It has its own state and law，Scientific researchers are naturally outside the object，A person's subjective consciousness cannot affect and change objects。The research object of psychiatric science is human subjective world，The subjective consciousness and production results of a person are the object itself，Psychiatric science activities are naturally in it，Direct interference、Impact and then construct objects。Natural science is the cognition and explanation of people's things，Flows to grasp the presence of objective substances and the general laws of its movement。Psychiatric science is a person's cognition and grasp of people，Zhang Yang's subjective Bet365 app download understanding of the subjective understanding of the subject of independent consciousness，Opposition and abandoning universal pursuit。Natural Science uses factual description as the purpose，Production is general、Knowledge of inevitability。Psychiatric science is understood by value for pursuit，Products are only special、Understanding of accidental meaning。So，Whether psychiatric science produces knowledge，meaning whether psychiatry is produced with the same knowledge as natural science，with objectivity、Confirmative、Knowledge of universal meaning，Become a question，Put in front of us。This problem can be a more concrete way，Based on historical facts，Give the following questions: Confucius from the East、Zhuangzi，to Socrates in the West、Plato，so that they will have countless thinkers in the future，Whether it is produced，Building a reliable psychiatric knowledge system，Opened the way to a more vast space?

There is another value theory。Different from knowledge theory，Value theory claims the awareness of the phenomenon focusing on value。The general point of view is，Value cognition is the main or even fundamental task of psychiatric science。Value cognition and judgment depends on the needs and preferences of the subject。Facing the same object，Different value judgments made by different subjects，Is any choice of independent subjects，Never be as good as factual cognitive value of the same。The value judgment of independent individuals is difficult to determine。So there are the following questions: Is the facts and value opposed? Fact cognition may be knowledge，Whether value cognition may also be knowledge，or knowledge cognition? Similar expression，Confucius' "Ren" learning，Are many of the value judgment of people? if Bet365 app download not，How to run a school，How to value the value system is the belief of the student，How can the thought inheritance of the past be accepted by future generations? Specific examples: "Three people must have my teacher"，Is the fact or "yes"，still value or "should be"? Value theory emphasizes human subjective differences，Individual preferences and choice to determine value generation and accept。If the so -called good and evil、Good and bad、Mei and Ugly，No authenticity、The right or wrong divided，Only value，And the "current value" referred to the value theoretical，Neither objective，No universal，No certainty，In terms of the positioning of human civilization and national values，How to persist in value，How to pass it? If value can be trusted，Can be confirmed in life practice，and can be repeatedly repeated，The value preset is consistent with the results，Can value be the same as knowledge，Or can it be regarded as knowledge?

The answer is the OK，Psychiatric science does produce knowledge。Confucius as mentioned above，All their thoughts and academic achievements，All are spiritual activity products。These products are described and explained by later generations，The core component of becoming the history of national thought，For the beliefs of the generation，Accepting is true，and can be repeatedly proved。Regardless of history or reality，All ethical thoughts of Confucius，First is knowledge。These knowledge is trusted and accepted by future generations，Practice in the life world extensively，Inherit and develop endlessly。Similar to natural science knowledge，Psychiatric knowledge also has objective character。Knowledge Once produced，It exists objectively to producers。No matter how others understand，bet365 Play online games Knowledge or knowledge element produced by producers。The words produced by psychiatric science，must be resorted to history，In the long historical rational test，Repeated cognitive repeat，Trust can be true。The words produced by psychiatric science，must be resorted to practice，In the long thought and material practice，People use knowledge guidance practice，Able to obtain the actual effect of consistent with the practitioners，Knowledge is repeatedly verified as true。Psychiatric knowledge and its production have a certain character。Knowledge itself can be confirmed。The purpose of production is to fight for certainty results。Each conscious producer，All say that your psychological words are true and better or higher than others，and strive to strive for universal approval，Defirmation of the discourse。Confucius Weekly Traveling Country，Recruiting disciples，The certainty of self -cognition can be evidenced by this。Value theory of psychiatric science，Especially classic products from ancient times to the present，From Hume's suspicion to Nietzsche's remembrance all values，Many elements with structural knowledge，Dang can be knowledge。

How to produce spiritual science knowledge? Explanation is the only way to produce psychiatry。This is a proven by history。History of Chinese Philosophy for nearly 3,000 years、History of thought，The history of interpretation of the original thoughts of the pre -Qin sons。History of Philosophy in the West、The history of thought is the interpretation history of the original knowledge of the ancient Greek era.。Explanation is not only explaining and repeating this phase，and discover and derivative meaning。All ideological consciousness is explained bet365 best casino games on the basis of understanding of others，Realize and materialize yourself。Thinking through language and text，is the only way to produce knowledge。The core characteristics of interpretation are publicity。​​Interpreter take the initiative to enter public space，Consciously use rationality，Private understanding of the cognitive object，Publicly clarified in others，Get multi -party response，Strive consensus in dialogue and arguments，Knowledge that may be accepted by public rationality in production。

How to confirm the knowledge of psychiatry? Natural science knowledge is repeated、It can be confirmed。Copernicus's astronomy theory can be proven by objective phenomena。For example, forecast of sun and moon erosion，See and disappear in real time，Immediately confirmed or the correctness of the theory of falsification。Psychiatric science knowledge is different。For example, the advice of ethical and moral good and evil，Not confirmed in real time，Different standards of different eras。Knowledge about ethics and morality is constantly evolving and changing，So repeated、How can it be confirmed? This highlights the role of public rationality。Public rationality is both a prerequisite for knowledge production，It is also the standard for measuring and determining the true and value of knowledge。Leading and specifications with public rationality，Explanation can be generated and realized; accepted and recognized for public rationality，Explanation can be effective and produce knowledge。The test of knowledge of public rationality is a process。The result of the interpretation needs to be long for a long time、Large -scale rational test。Only after history and reality test，Repeated appear，Interpretation of actual effects in the Bet365 lotto review life world，can rise to knowledge。knowledge theory does not involve the above problems。The knowledge theory is difficult to solve the knowledge production of psychiatric science and its confirmation and universal problems。Do not solve this problem，The legitimacy of psychiatric science、Lost reliability is based on。nihilism、nihilism，and even mysteriousism、Learning of 谶 Wei，You can do it in the name of spiritual science。This is exactly the human rational retreat of Zhang Xian in the future.。

So，In knowledge theory、After value theory，There should be an interpretation theory。Basic purpose of interpretation theory，Base the practice of human spirit，Solve the knowledge of psychiatric science，How to produce knowledge，The reliability of psychiatric knowledge、Reasonable、Confirmative basicity、Original point of origin，Legislation for Psychiatric Science and its knowledge。Of course，Explanation theory also solves the basic structural problems of interpretation learning，Like the essence of interpretation、Purpose、Power、Path、Method、Inspection standards, etc.，Put forward a series of concepts with basic characteristics of contemporary interpretation、category、Proposition，Construct a complete system with Chinese characteristics。More importantly，centered on interpretation activities，Solution of psychiatric production methods and knowledge of its achievements，Find the path to determine the reliable path for the production and system synthesis for psychiatric science，Improving the scientific level of spiritual production，Guarantee psychiatry is really science。Explanation theory may break through facts and value、Confrontation of psychiatric science and natural science methodology，Has higher、More complete bet365 live casino games human knowledge and practice character。

(Note: On the basis of thinking and discussion in the previous period，I proposed a very shallow and even thick outline，At present, there are only nine items。Very obvious，We must be based on in -depth discussions，Further enrichment and improvement，Add more content。Ask an expert in knowledge theory represented by Mr. Chen Jiaming，Speaking and discussion records are published here，There is a good start from the expectation。）

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