Model，Originally referring to the text made on the ancient Zhong Dingyi ware。Yan Shigu Guyun: "Get，engraved also; knowledge，Remember。"in the seal，It refers to the four sides carved by the seal carving home and the text related to the print on the top of the printing stone、Image and other content。

According to "Wei Shu · Shizuji" record，Northern Wei Taiping Zhenjun seven years "April Jiashen，Drive from Changan。Wuzi，Destroy the five -story Buddha map of the city，Yuxi 2 in the mud statue，Its texts are all said: ‘suffer from heaven，Both Shou Yongchang。’The moment it said:‘ ‘Wei’ s Chinese Seal of the Chinese State ’”。This may be the earliest record of existing seals。The text in the Han Seal can be seen in "Sima Zhao Private India"，Auspicious words "concentric", "one meaning", "longevity", "big rich" are carved around the printing side。"Xu Zhengyin" is engraved with blue dragons around、White Tiger、Suzaku、Xuanwu's "Four Spirits" pattern。

This image or text engraved on the edge of the Indian，It is also reflected in the engraving of literati in later generations。Because the seal of the literati seal has certain communication attributes，Coupled with the literati involved in multiple fields such as poetry, calligraphy, calligraphy and painting，Therefore, most of the forms of graphic and text are present。Poetic and painting at the same time，This is another mirror that understands the situation bet365 live casino games between the engravings and friends。

About the generation of the scholars' engraving edges，Some people think that Zhao Mengrui from the Yuan Dynasty，But the most influential statement comes from the Qing Dynasty seal engravers、"Xiling Bajia" Chen Hongshou。In the edge of "The Seal of Greece"，He said: "The Printing Department Fund，昉。"here refers to Wen Peng in the Ming Dynasty，In view of Wen Peng。In view of Wen Peng、The relationship between He Zhenye and the friend and friend，Discuss the production of the print here，Start with Wen Peng, who is a teacher,。

In the seal of the seal of "Qin, Loying to Song Crane" by the party passed as Wen Peng，The friendship between the author and Mr. Jingchuan Tang Shun: "Yu and Mr. Jingchuan are good。Mr. Gulong, Mr. Different,，Animal two cranes in it。Gongyu's time，Every time with Yu Xiao Ao，Fuqin Play Crane，Coca -Cola also。The meaning of Mr. Yu Yiyi，Old stone in the inspection box is on the top，Gift Mr.。Passing and stones also passed on。Shi Jiajing Ding Weiqiu，Sanqiao Peng Zhiyuzhong。"Friends meet in other karma，Yisong Xiao Ao、Fuqin Fun Crane，A good school leisure and elegant。Play this seal，Printing text and edge texts invented each other，Putting Wenpeng、Tang Shunzhi's official duties of the wild Yi love watch is exposed。

According to Zhou Lianggong's "Indian" records，Wen Pengzhi first uses tooth seal，Writing text，Please engrav the word artisan for a knife。until later，Occasionally found light frozen stones，is "No to make a dental chapter"。"One of the India，From Guobo (Wen Peng) opened，Later generations are regarded as Jinke Jade bet365 live casino games Law，Clouds all over the world。"" Because the stone seal is more gold used by the seal、Jade、Tooth、Corner and other materials are more easy to play knives，provides more convenient conditions for the large number of creations of the side models。So，Under the practice of Wen Peng's practice，The creation of the edge is in the style of the literati engraving。

Of course there are exceptions，Sometimes because of not deep intersection with the Indian，There is nothing to say in the sidelines，It's just the time to describe creation briefly、Location、The name of the engraver and the seal，Similar to the "Word Gong Name"; or the habit of individual seal carving itself does not engrav the edge, without the word，Unable to examine the situation of the relationship with the seal。and，Among the literati engraved edge of the literati，There are still many descriptions that they are unusual relationships with the Indian，In order to understand the handling of the seal carving, it provides a clue。and，With the continuous development of the creation of the side，The amount of information provided by this clue is increasing。

As a traditional literati，Seal engraver often versatile，Poetry, calligraphy, calligraphy and painting are not in the minority。So，In Wenpeng、He Zhen "made the seal of the seal" after a large amount，The content of the side models is also richer，outside the text，Learn image、The expression of painting is naturally logical。

Zhao Zhichen in "Xiling Bajia"，Once engraved with Lin Yunlou Zhu Wenyin "Yunlou Hand Collection"，There are edges on both sides。On one side, "Collection bet365 Play online games Picture" depicts the editor of Linyunlou's editor of Lin Yunlou。In the figure, it can be seen that one person gathers the printing score under the window of the house，There are sparse wood outside the window，Swaying posture。Limited to the seal size，"Collection Picture" is extremely simple with pen，But it seems to be far away。At the same time，The picture lines that have been pushed by the edges、Calligraphy interest，presents the meaning of quaint and vast，Compared with the painter paintings drawn，Don't have a flavor。

The edge of the figure also attach a description text: "" Collection Patriarch "，Cloud Tower，Time。"The other side of the poem is engraved with two poems:" Provincial knowledge Zhu Wen and Bai Wen，A stubborn pen skills。Frequent Jun Miao Hand 抟 Silver Ai，Purple Powder Dan Sand Color is the most uniform。"(Original Note: Junshan Governance Potal)，How to use the window to place Dingyi。闲 闲，The setting of the sunset has been subtle。"" "" Yunlou belongs to autumn titles，Time Leisure Record "。

Time，The word Zhao Zhichen。Zhao Zhichen Gongyou engraved calligraphy and painting，can also be used as a poem。Lin Yunlou is a disciple of Zhao Zhichen，Energy to make printed mud，Shan Tuo Bian Bian，Hiji Tuo Yinpu。Zhao Zhichen's "Make up the Garrine Printing" is Lin Yunlou Ji Tuo。Autumn，That is Zhao Qingxi，Zhejiang Renhe Ren，Bring "Xiang Sales Wine Words", "Poetry of the Poems of the Fragrant Museum", etc.。Judging from Zhao Qingzhang's poems and the deeds of Lin Yunlou combined with the side models，"Collection Picture" may reflect under the sunset，Lin Yunlou is a bet365 live casino games matter of Zhao Zhichen's collection of scores。Obviously，Zhao Qingzhang highly admires Zhao Zhichen's engraving，And very familiar with Lin Yunlou for Zhao Zhichen's printing。

In the Seal of "Yunlou Hand Collection"，Although the edges are carved by Zhao Zhichen，But it included Zhao Qingzhang's poem，Reflects the communication between the carved inscriptions and the Indian。Compared with the first prosperity of the border，The literati seal engraved in this period adds painting elements and works of others，Clear and intuitive reproduction of the communication situation of the seal carved households and friends。At the same time，The combination of painting and poetry，I got painting in the poem、Poetry effects in the painting。

The poem of the carcker will be the poem or others of the other person、Painting engraved in addition to money，More seal sides of the same party seal are completed by different seal and other artists。In this case，The literary value and artistic value of the seal edge models are "more up to the top"。Such as a modern seal master Wu Changshuo and Hu、Wu Botao、Shen Boyun is very close to，In the seal of Zhu Wen, the "Song Yin" seal of Wu Changshuo for Shen Boyun，At the same time, the scene of the relationship between the four of them。

In this side seal，The printing surface "Song Yinyin" is carved by Wu Changshuo，The typical Wu Changshuo style book style。Border models with a total of five sides，Among them, the four -sided model is the book of the script、cursive、Zhengkai、Xingkai，Wu Changshuo、Huengraving; the other side is "Song Yinya Buddha Statue"，From the famous painter Wu Botao's handwriting，Wu bet365 live casino games Changshuo according to the carved stone。So，Liu Jiang once called this seal "Nai Shu、Painting、Print three -combined "。Actually，Shen Boyun in the edge of this print、HuThree words made by the two、Five -character poems，belonging to poetry、Book、Painting、"Quartet" in the print。

Shen Boyun's "Song Yin under，Buddha fire green。I think，Reading Gold Scriptures "，It seems to make a related interpretation for the "松 盦 盦"。HuThere are three poems in a total of poems, but Hu HuJust carved it，Cloud: "Wu Juncang Stone，Yu Jin Shiyou also。Make Stone Buddha for Brother Boyun Road，Treatment of pine hidden。To the end of the word，Toby with moss。爰 Old sentences on the left。"Wu Juncang Stone is Wu Changshuo。This text description，HuReplenishment is invited by Wu Changshuo，Shiyun: "Slimming and sinking waist support，When you are sitting lonely。Night Late Man Lisu，Tiannian Dance。"" "After ten years of wind and rain，Peng Artemisia 3 diameter。Dongtian closed household，I don’t know to pay back。"" "Before the leaves around the door，Cold Lantern House。The sound of the sky is foreign，Wolong shocked。"The poem creates a kind of lonely and cold peng door dark night scene，The ancient Buddha artistic conception depicted by Shen Boyun's poems is extremely commensurate，The perfect fusion of poetry and painting。

In short，Some edge creation in the literati seal carving，Due to poetry、Add to the addition of elements such as calligraphy and painting，Have poetic and paintings、Aesthetic features of the blending of the scenario。At the same time，As an objective record for the Bet365 app download time of delivery at the time，It becomes an important clue for future generations to understand the "circle of friends" of the engravers，It is worth deep excavation。

(Author Unit: Institute of Literature of the Academy of Social Sciences of Hebei Province)