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Population is the core element of urbanization，Population governance is a key area for realizing modernization in urbanization。After reform and opening up，China has gone through the process of rapid urbanization，The leap from "local China" to "urban and rural China"，and move towards the direction of "City China"。In this process，Urbanized spatial pattern continuous optimization，Urban construction quality continues to improve，Urban and rural integration and development take new steps，Comparison with it，The population governance system is also continuously evolved with the entire urbanization process。The essence of it，Population governance and urban transformation are more and more match，It is an important mechanism for realizing modernization of population governance，It is conducive to overcoming the pursuit of scale dividends caused by urban agglomeration and tension between providing public services，Realize the transformation of Chinese population governance from people to the people.，This constitutes an important support for social governance modernization。

　　Urban -based population governance modernization evolution logic

The core feature of urban differences in rural areas is its agglomeration。Gathering is both the motivation for urban transformation，It is also the source of the contradiction of urban population governance。One aspect，The pursuit of scale benefits continues to drive the government to increase financial investment、Corporate capital constantly influx、The population continues to gather。On the other hand，City gathers bet365 best casino games The demand for public goods and services，From the perspective of quality or diversity,，The demand for public items in the city is not comparable to the countryside。​​From this perspective，Debugging by the population governance system to balance the contradiction between the scale benefits and the public service，Promoting the two benign endogenous influences，It constitutes the evolution logic based on urban population governance modernization。

Gathering and scale divide。Population and production factors gather in limited geographical space，Not only can it be shared、matching and learning to achieve scale economy，Then improve production level and achieve economic growth，You can also reconstruct the capital cycle process，So as an important place to consume the surplus of capital。Therefore，Urbanization can be regarded as a process of constant gathering of population and production elements，This kind of space gathers and derives the unique lifestyle of the urban space、Cultural Psychology、Social characteristics and organizational characteristics。Of course，Population and production factor gathering cannot be endless and continued without controlling，On the one hand, gathering is limited to nature bearing capacity，Pursuit of scale dividends requires continuous refinement of urban governance、Economic and industrial structure is continuously rationalized，Therefore, to maximize the negative externality of the agglomeration。On the other hand，The population is enjoying the income brought by the gathering，I have to pay the crowded cost，Those who need urban governance to guide the migration of the population through administrative intervention，to optimize the scale and regional distribution of the agglomeration。

Gathering and Public Services — the source of the contradiction between population governance。Unlimited social needs and limited public items and public services supply capacity formed a pair of conflicts。One aspect，bet365 live casino games The population that is constantly influx、The increasing production scale has continuously increased the scale and quality requirements of public services。On the other hand，The environmental consumption and lack of distribution capacity brought by production are also constantly improving the cost of public service supply，None of these problems are testing the governance ability of the city government。In the process of dealing with this contradiction，We can see two clearer population governance ideas: one，Following the various welfares attached to the household registration system through market -oriented reforms，Make population migration and gathering more in line with market laws。Its two，Continuously bridge the city and the countryside through social reform、Gap of residents between residents between local and other places，Realize the orderly and gradual urbanization process，Then realize the pursuit of scale benefits and provide a balance between public services。

　　Modernization evolutionary process in urban transformation

The space attributes of Chinese cities are from the initial productive、Constructive，Added more and more life and consumption，The city has experienced the transformation from industrial construction containers to economic growth machines，It will also be further transformed into a space for the people to pursue a better life。matching it is，The core essence of population governance has also changed significantly，Resources that the population rely on administrative means from the development of the population，Production factors that can gather with the economy in the process of socialist market economy，Then it transforms into a city subject that needs comprehensive response and meets its needs。

Industrial Urbanization -Production and Control of Production Factors in Industrial Containers。Population governance after the founding of the People's Republic of China，You need to place it in the development bet365 live casino games of heavy industry、Under the background of the planned economy era of reconstruction of national social order。Under the special historical conditions of a lower modern starting point in the planned economy era，It is necessary，Promote urbanization through strict central plans。Urbanization of this period、scale、Master to obey the central strategy，According to Marxist city theory，The city at this time is a container for industrial construction，and the important factor of the population must also obey the strict central plan。Therefore，Urbanization at this time is an industrialization，The limited goal of urban construction is construction and production，Therefore, the life and consumer function of the diverse life needs of the citizens are not complete。At the same time，Strict household registration system、Unified Purchase Sales System、Agricultural collectiveization and the people's commune system restrict the full flow of population and production factors，scale dividends did not be fully displayed during this period。

Urbanization of the market -regulation of population elements in urban operations。After reform and opening up，Economic decentralization reform and taxation system reform gives local governments a huge incentive for economic development，Released the motivation of the local government to expand the economic scale of the city，Promoting the space gathering of population and production factors。Since then，The reform of the commercialization of housing has spawned the consumer attributes of the city，The operating strategy of the Chinese city government has undergone major transformations，The use of industrial output profits to invest in urban infrastructure construction，Transforming into a model that obtains urban construction financing with land as the core asset and expands production scale。This strategy has Bet365 lotto review caused the operating characteristics of Chinese cities to be more prominent，Urban space has transformed from the construction space of the planned economy era to capital circulation space and economic growth space，Therefore, the scale dividends of Chinese cities have been realized。​​During this period，The focus of population governance has changed from "management population flow" to "governance flow population"，A non -hukou from agricultural to non -hukou、Self -reasoning Ceremony Hukou、Blue Printing Household Registration、Temporary residence permit system，Until the current residence permit system、The adjustment of the population governance system and other series of population governance system is adjusted; the "lowest condition、Full let go "small town、"Cancel the limit、Condition access "large and medium cities and" building high thresholds、Kai Da City Gate ", such as the large city, etc.。

Urbanization of Population -Meeting the needs of citizens in balanced development。Entering a new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics，The policy setting of the central people's livelihood orientation cooperates with the changes in the population situation，Promote local governments to expand the scale of urban residents by increasing the intensity of farmers' citizenization and relaxation threshold。This can be regarded as the result of the dual changes of internal incentives and external constraints。One aspect，From the guidelines since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China，The problem of overcoming development imbalances was mentioned by an unprecedented important location，Emphasized people's livelihood supply and social fairness caused the conversion and expansion of local political competition motivation。On the other hand，Intergenerational revolution in the city migrant workers、The change of the population situation in China、The relaxation bet365 best casino games of the household registration system has further stimulated the motivation for people's rational migration，It has spawned the "population battle" of major cities in recent years，Treatment of policy changes in population governance in the new era。Since 2014，A series of policies were introduced in the central government，strengthened the central government's guiding and incentive role in population governance，The scale of citizenization of rural transfer is linked to fiscal incentives and state -owned construction land indicators，Adjust the scale of the city scale division，Requirements to fully cancel the restrictions on the settlement of cities with a permanent population of less than 3 million in urban areas，Comprehensive relaxation of large cities with a resident population of 3 million to 5 million in the urban area settled。Governments of all localities also actively respond to，One after another issued policies to relax household registration limit，Accelerate the development of local urban and rural integration，Promote the mutual recognition conversion of regions and equity of regional household registration，Accelerate the reform of the residence permit system。

Refer to the international experience of urbanization，China's urbanization is still in the high -speed growth stage，Population urbanization is an important driving force for this grand historical process，This requires that China's population governance must improve the level of modernization to meet the needs of national development and people's beautiful life needs。Population governance is embedded in the urban transformation process，You need to face the pursuit of scale dividends and provide tension between public services，Urbanization through industrial、Market urbanization debugging and evolution，China's population governance has a higher starting point and update requirements since entering the new bet365 live casino games era，Show the gratifying trend of governing from people to the people，This will also further promote the modernization of urban governance with the people as the core。

　(Author Unit: Academy of International Relations of Beijing University of Foreign Languages)