The combination of social science and computer science and engineering has produced a new research field: Calculating Social Science。This field will apply the calculation method to the new digital data source (such as social media、Administrative Records and Historical Archives) To develop human behavior theory。April 2020，Achim Edelmann，Tomwolff、Danielle Montagne and Christopher A. Bail published on the Social Review of Sociology in the Social Sciences. Article of Social Science and Sociology)，Under literature measurement analysis analyzed the evolution of social sciences in the field of sociology，and in -depth analysis of seven rapidly developing branches。

　　Bet365 lotto review The first field of calculating social sciences in sociology is social network analysis and group formation。Internet、The development of social media platforms and telecommunications data inspired the first batch of research at the population level，For example, 2004，Watts and their colleagues use email data to demonstrate and explain the core social science theory in digital space。In recent years，More and more studies use digital data to test the diffusion of complex communication in social networks。For example，CENTOLA has created an online community that can control social network topology，The proliferation of different networks in the results published in 2010。，Social media and telecommunications data also make unprecedented network analysis possible。2017，Bell and others used Facebook data to determine the large network of public health problems，The synergy between emotional communication and rational communication methods。Another series of studies to study network dynamics through online games or tests，Shirado & Christakis) published a paper in 2017，Enhance the collective performance of the human group by introducing robots to participate in games that coordinate colors in matrix。Network testing also has an important influence in studying group wisdom and political beliefs。Guilbeault and others published a paper in 2018，Amazon's "Mechanical Turk" using Amazon for an online experiment，How to test the social network difference between conservatives and liberals affects the interpretation of the subject's NASA (NASA) climate communication。

　　2. Collective action and political sociology.Computing Social Science has stimulated a lot of research on collective behavior and politics。Especially data from social media and other communication platforms，further promoted the study of collective behavior。Tufekci and Wilson's 2012 research showed，In the Egyptian Revolution and the "Occupy Wall Street" movement，​​Digital tools play a core role in protests，Data generated by these tools can provide information for collective politics research。Calculation technology also helps researchers develop related theories related to mobilization and behavior changes in social movements。2015，VASI and others used data from social media and Google to display the community in the screening documentary，How is the mobilization of online discussions and opposition to this approach。Another，The increase in text data inspired new research on political discourse。Bell in 2015 and Bonikowski and Gidron in 2016 analyzed the social status and emotional values ​​of the actors in the field of discourse in 2016，Excluding how the marginal discourse enters the mainstream。In this field，Many research and use of online data、Automatic text analysis、Experimental and subject -based modeling to study political polarization and persuasion。2017，Boutyline&Willer) Network -based research indicates，Differential differentiation originated from the homogeneity between conservatives and extremists。

　　3. Sociology of knowledge.Computing Social Science has become the central part of knowledge sociology。Research in this field mainly uses citation data to study the formation of internal consensus of science。Progress in text analysis helps scholars to draw and model the growth process of the entire scientific field，It also enables scholars to clarify the similarities between disciplines。For example，2007，Research discovery of Wuchty and others，In the field of social science，The tendency of teamwork has doubled in the past 50 years。2018，McMahan & Evans) Developed a method to capture the fuzzyness of language in scientific articles，Differences to distinguish between natural disciplines and humanities。There are also some research to inspect how academic work gets influence and prestige。2013，Uzzi (UZZI) research indicates，Highly influential publications are based on the previous outstanding work，At the same time, there are different and novel combinations。Calculating methods also reveal how scientific discovery is how to be driven by a single scientist and its organizational background drive。2015，Rzhetsky and others have determined the strategy followed by biomedical scientists when choosing the relationship between the molecules they want to study。Another series of research in this field is to use computing technology to study the public image of science and how science is combined with industry。2015，Shwed (shwed) showed the attempts of the tobacco industry to hinder scientific inquiry, but scientists discovered the paradox of smoking hazards。Last，Computing technology more generally reveals the gender asymmetry and inequality in science and online knowledge representation。2013，West and others traced back since 1545，Natural Science、Gender inequality among the academic authors of social sciences and human sciences。

　　4. Cultural sociology, social psychology and emotional science.Computing Social Science also appears in cultural sociology、In the study of social psychology and emotional science。In culture and sociology，Some studies have inspected the broad process of cultural changes。2015，Bell shows how automatic text analysis is used to test the transformation of the words field to develop a systematic resonance theory。The growth of data based on text also opened a new field of research on how cultural information expressed。2011，Golder&MACY) Utilizing the number of Twitter public information data for millions，Determined the day and night and seasonal emotional rhythm at the individual levels of different cultures in the world。Except text analysis，Scholars also take the lead in using virtual reality to further study the core issues of social psychology。2018，Van Loon and others let the subject perform cooperation tasks，But half of them are randomly distributed into a treatment condition，Use virtual reality technology to obtain other research participants' point of view。

　　5. Cultural production.Computing technology is often used to study how people evaluate music、Cultural products represented by movies。2006，Salganik and others created an online "Music Lab"，Research how peers affect the music preferences of new artists。Calculating technology is also used to measure how the combination of themes in cultural products shaped its acceptance。Recent research explores gender、How does class and political identity shape cultural product production problems。2016，Chen Yunsong and Yan Fei use Google Book Big Data to study the relationship between economic development and class attention，This is the only quoted arter for scholars in mainland China。

　　6. Economic sociology and organization.Crossing the calculation technology and network methods also flourish in economics and sociology。Network data is not only useful for research and communication and professional results，And it is also useful for research organization culture。2016，Goldberg and others analyzed the email information of the large company，To measure whether the communication of employees meets usual specifications and behaviors。Research Discovery，Except network data，Digital records of text communication provide a richer understanding of culture and emotions in the market。2011，Saavedra and others revealed how market fluctuations affect traders discuss the current or future conditions through text analysis，How these changes affect trading behavior。

　　7. Population statistics and population research.Calculating the time that social sciences appear relatively late，But quickly popular。Computing technology is most commonly used in this field to produce high -quality population estimates。For example，Mobile phone data is used to produce more dynamic population estimates，Especially in areas where national statistics are unreliable (CESARE et al. & Gt;，2018; Ingolite & LT; Eagleet & GT;，2010; Palmerete & LT; Palmeret & GT;，2013)。Population statisticians also use computing techniques to explore micro -power of the population change process，Recent research uses data from a large network dating platform，Research on how interpersonal relationships cross race and ethnic differences。The last part of the computing social scientific research made by population statisticians is to use digital data sources to study health behavior that is harmful to society，Tquiring the difficult population information。For example，2016，Kashyap and Villavicencio use Google search data to study the popular situation of India's selective abortion。Inspired by the practice of data science，Other scholars have developed a new population research model。In these fields，Usually create a competition，Multiple teams establish a model through competition to get cash rewards。A typical example is the competition of Netflix Company，Competition awards will be awarded to a model established to the data scientist team，And this model must provide the best quality recommendation for the program that net fly users may like to watch。

As mentioned in this article，Computing Social Science is analyzing many such as social networks、Knowledge sociology, etc.，So that any literature review will be outdated in a short time。Although calculating social sciences has great potential in advancing sociological theories，But it also brought many urgent challenges，For example, the increasing opaque from ethics to digital space data。The author thinks，In the future research, there is still Bet365 app download greater penetration potential to calculate social sciences in the field of branches，and call for increasing the interaction between calculating the field of social science and other social sciences，to ensure that the computational social science continues to expand into mainstream sociology。

　　(Nanjing University Social College  Xu Ziyan/Compilation)