Today's world is undergoing a big change in a hundred years，and the new coronary pneumonia epidemic since 2020 promoted the accelerated evolution of the international system。At the same time，For the development of Africa，2020 is the special year of the 60th anniversary of most African countries。The African research academic community in China is guided by in -depth study and implementation of President Xi Jinping's creation of congratulatory letter to the Chinese African Research Institute，further stimulated scholars' academic consciousness，Strive to promote the deepening of African research。

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April 9, 2019，Establishment of the African Institute of China，President Xi Jinping sent a congratulatory letter。Hexin Takaju Jianyu、Deep thoughts、Rich connotation，Drawing the development blueprint of China -Africa relations in the new era，Explained the action plan for extensive cooperation between China and Africa，Indicates that China -Africa civilization mutual learning、The direction of cooperation between academic and think tank resources，is to speed up the construction of China's African research discipline、academic system、The fundamental follow of the "three major systems" of the discourse system。

How to understand and implement the chairman of the Phoenix，Become a deepening study of Chinese African academic circles、Important topics explained。On the first anniversary of President Xi Jinping He Xin，"West Asia Africa" ​​magazine and "African Academic Journal" published a special article by many scholars。Cai Yan pointed out，He Xin does a good job in Africa research and even international issues for us，Strengthen the academic circles with Africa、The cooperation of think tanks and third -party research institutions has important guiding significance。For this，Chinese African academic community is studying African humanities、Economy、Social Development and China -Africa relations issues，Starting from the grand goal of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation，Based on the big background of the world's century -old change; China -Africa academic exchanges and think tank cooperation，It should be based on equal communication and peer exchange between developing countries，A goal with the benefit of the people of China and Africa，Efforts to make greater contributions to world peace and human development;、Promoting the "Belt and Road" construction，To promote the development of China -Africa relations、Build a contribution of the community of human destiny;，Strengthen the study and sharing of the experience of governing the country and development of China Africa and Africa，Promoting the common hearts of the people of China and Africa。Li Xinzheng combined with the "exchange platform、Research Base、Talent Highland、Propaganda window "four functions，I believe that congratulations fully reflect the eager expectations and support of President Xi Jinping for the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and the African Academy of Africa、Certainful care and incentives of African research and engaged in African researchers，Provided us with a fundamental follow for us to know the world，Direction of development for Africa for China，Identa for the African Research Institute of China、Indicates the goal of struggle and the direction of progress。The Chinese African Research Institute optimizes the discipline layout、Innovative research method、Create a communication platform、Accelerate the construction of talent team，Put the spirit of congratulations into practice。Zhang Zhongxiang、Wu Chuanhua has the characteristics of the current world situation and the important position of China and Africa，Analyzing the historical status of the Community of Destiny of China and Africa、model effect、Practical features。Liu Hongwu、Zhang Yanqiu、Yang Baorong takes the "China -Africa Humanities Exchange" as a keyword in congratulations，In -depth thinking and study the theoretical basis of non -humanistic exchanges in China、Strategic significance、Unique value，I have proposed a knowledge dialogue to promote scholars to participate in global intelligence and intelligence、Accelerate the training of talents in Africa research、Innovation International Exchange Multiple Platform、Deepen China -Africa "Belt and Road" cooperation、Promoting the practice path of China -Africa media exchanges，with a view to "gathering China -Africa academic bet365 Play online games think tank resources，A goal of improving the Chinese -African people to understand and friendship。Zhang Yonghong proposed to guide the spirit of Xi Jinping's chairman Hexin，Three focus points for comprehensively improving the level of research in Africa in universities，That is the basis，Strengthen basic research and talent training; make up for shortcomings，Promote professional and think tank construction; create features，Enhance local innovation ability。The theoretical articles of the above experts have strongly promoted the theoretical interpretation and practice exploration of the ideological connotation of Congratulations in the domestic African academic community。

　　African Political Research

Some traditional issues of traditional issues in Africa's political development in 2020 have been continued and further deepened，Focus on the history of political development、Political Tide、Political System、Politics and other issues。

About the history of African political development，Li Pengtao、Chen Yang takes Marx's dual mission of colonialism as the theoretical basis，Proposed the autocracy of African colonial countries、Basic features such as outer dumping and limited strength，Deeply affects the governance of contemporary African countries，As a result of independent African countries, sheltering characteristics are obvious、Lack of organic connections between society and the country、Social fragmentation and other phenomena。Discuss the basic characteristics of the colonial country，It helps us to deeply understand the complex relationship between the "colonial heritage" and the governance of contemporary African countries。Zhang Chun divides the political governance of African countries into inheritance governance、Localization governance、Western -style democratization governance and autonomous governance four stages，What do you think it is reasonable、Effectively balanced government governance and bottom -up grassroots governance，and the regional governance and imposed Western governance of the external suspended regional governance，It is a historic，It is also the potential breakthrough direction of its future development。Shen Xiaolei historically sorted out the political development of Zimbabwe from the perspective of land reform，I believe that since 1890, Zimbabwe has formed a logical relationship of "land is politics"，Unwilling policy orientation will lead to political separation、A series of political consequences such as racism and political violence。

About Africa's Political Tide，Origin of African socialism、Development、Theory and practice have become important issues for Chinese African researchers in the 1980s，And in 2020, there are related results publishing。Zheng Xiangfu、Shu Wenhao placed the African socialist movement in Marxism in the spread of Marxism in Africa's global vision，I believe that Marxism is the theoretical source of the African socialist movement，The socialist movement practice of African countries is also rich and developed by Marxism。Zhao Xiji, the founder of Arab Socialist Theory -Afraque and Egyptian President Nasser's Social Social Society's Society，From connotation、motivation、The theoretical source and practice:，Compared with the same similarities of the two Arab socialist thoughts，Deepen the academic community's cognition of Arabian socialism。Also based on African countries Egypt as research cases，Sun Xiaowen analyzed the reason why the Egyptian Communist movement gradually moved，That is the division and differences within the Egyptian Communist Party、Corporation of the Egyptian Government、The lack of the foundation of the masses and the results of the decline of the socialist camp after the Su Dong drama change。

About Africa's political system，African democratization start、Dilemma、Breaking the situation has always been the focus of the academic community to study the political system of Africa countries。Zhang Hongming by combing African democratization、The evolution process of development，Try to answer the relationship between the internal and external causes of African democracy and germination、What are the influencing factors of Africa democracy、African democratization practice has deviated from the "priority" cognition of Western democratization theory、What is the reason for the loss of democratic transformation in African countries、Why the democratic consolidation of African countries has progressed slowly，and how to evaluate a series of problems such as Africa's democratization。He thinks，African democracy characterized by political Bet365 app download diversification, especially multi -party system，The result of the conversion of the new and old international pattern in the logical extension of the African continent，It is also an integral part of the international trend of political development and the global democratization movement; it is a continuous process of independent exploration of its political development in African countries，It is also an integral part of the systematic social change of African countries across the century。Li Wentao's research on the current African democratic politics and ecology is: a collision between the form of western government and local political inheritance、running -in is a main line for Africa's political development，African countries through self -adjustment and improvement，Promote the integration between the two，Elements some of the diseases in African politics，But the "third term" phenomenon that appeared in many African countries has caused impact on its political stability。Liu Weicai around the "Amendment to the 2019 Zanabian Constitution"，Focus on the influence of constitutional amendments to the development of Democratic and political development of Constitution: Constitutional amendment enables the opposition to obtain new activity space，Make the Christian organization's participation in politics deeper，Enhanced the confrontation of non -governmental organizations and government，impacting the traditional forces such as the chiefs and forming a balance and tacit understanding with the modern government。

About African political parties politics，Political Party's ability to govern the country and politics is closely related to national political development。Wang Xuejun summarizes the six new characteristics of the political evolution of African political parties from the level of the macro level: the one -party leading party has shown a downward trend; the construction of political party organizations has been paid more attention to it; ; Political parties -ethnic relations are complicated and weakened; the impact of religious organizations on political party politics is increasing; the traditional system is local in the African political party's democratic politics。Future，African political parties will have four new trends: Development、The structure of campaign issues dominated by issues such as security and sovereignty has gradually formed; new presidential candidates appear on the political stage; the rise of civilian campaign lines; a new situation of party clusterization in campaign and administration。Zhang Kai analyzes the process of changing the process of consolidating and strengthening the party system in South Africa's university in South Africa，Do you think that the South African leading party system can be continued and consolidated，It mainly depends on whether the government of non -State and its leaders can effectively maintain the unity within the party、Promote the reorganization of the three -party alliance、Improve national governance efficiency，and fundamentally promote the realization of structural transformation of the economy and society，Then solve the long -term unemployment in South Africa、Three major diseases of poverty and inequality。

　African Economic Research

2020，The research on the African economy in the domestic academic community mainly focuses on the following three issues。

The relationship between the epidemic and African economy of the new crown pneumonia，Huang Meibo、Qiu Nan thinks，Vulnerability based on the economic development of African countries，The negative impact of the impact of the epidemic in this area is particularly very good。This existing country、Reasons for the regional economic governance itself，It is also determined by their external economic structure and the status of the global value chain。During the post -epidemic period，African countries need to strengthen public health governance capacity and infrastructure construction，Improve the level of public services; accelerate the transformation of economic structure，Enhance the endogenous driving force of economic growth;，Vigorously develop new economic formats such as the digital economy; promote the development of the African Free Trade Zone，Promote the construction of regional value chain。Li Xuedong、Dong Rui pointed out，New Crown Pneumonia's epidemic has damaged the economic development of Africa，Exhausting the debt dilemma of African countries，Grain safety issues are prominent，Increasing the risk of social instability。Zhou Yuyuan thinks，The multiple impact of the epidemic on the African Bet365 lotto review economy is mainly manifested in: international demand is sharply reduced，It has a major impact on the economic growth and industrial chain construction of Africa; external financing reduction has a serious impact on the development of the industrial development of African countries;，Raising the government's fiscal deficit rate。

Long -term structural factors affecting African economic development，Shu Yunguo based on long -term historical observation，The 60 -year economic development path of Africa since independence has been sorted out，Summarizing the five root causes that affect the economic development of Africa: the contradiction between long -term political turmoil and sustainable economic development、Economic Development Model External and local adaptability contradictions、Contradictions of a single economic colonial heritage and comprehensive national economic system、The contradictions that seriously rely on foreign aid and self -reliance、The contradiction between the rapid population growth and the coordinated development of the economy。How to solve the above path dependencies，The key to the future economic sustainable development of African countries。Li Xiaoyun and other scholars take globalization as the research context，It is pointed out that African agricultural issues are political and economic phenomena under the influence of globalization at different stages，The globalization of traditional commercial capitalism and industrial capitalism has a profound impact on the development of African agriculture，strong intervention on the outside has greatly compressed its independent development of agriculture，Weakened the foundation of its agricultural development。

About Africa's economic situation，Zhang Zhongxiang、Tao Tao believes，Although the economic growth rate of Africa has slowed down since 2014，But there are still highlights that cannot be ignored: many African countries have made positive progress in inclusive economic growth;，The rise of the digital economy。Park Yingji takes East Africa as a research entry point，Put forward to accelerate the transformation of economic structure、Establish an institutional environment for the development of private economy、Promoting the construction of the Special Economic Zone、Increase the investment intensity of infrastructure and human resources、Digging the potential efficiency of the African Continental Free Trade Zone, etc.。

　　African International Relations Research

African International Relations Research Topics Selection Pay attention to the organic combination of real problems and academic propositions，Follow new areas and new problems，The academic tendency that reflects the learned by scholars。

Regarding the status of Africa in the changing international system，The world today is in a long -term change in a century，Deep and complex changes in the international structure。So，New adjustments in international relations in African countries、Under the situation of new changes，What will be in the world structure? Li Xinzheng pointed out，The three major reforms of the Western African Frang and the official establishment of the African Free Trade Zone are two representative events that reflect the "change of Africa"，From it, it can reflect the centennial change of Africa; African countries are important members of the overall rise of developing countries and emerging economies，It is an important force for "Dongsheng" in the world's major changes。Liu Zhongwei thinks，At present, the status of Africa in the world's political and economic pattern continues to rise，It is mainly reflected in: in the context of the intensified strategic game of the country，United States、UK、France、Germany、Japan and Russia pay more and more attention to the strategic value of Africa，"Grab the Beach Africa"，Makes big powers set off a new round of "African heat" for African relations。

About the relationship between big powers and Africa，In view of Europe and the United States is the main external force that affects the development of the African region，Chinese scholars continue to pay attention to the relationship between big powers and non -relationships。Zhao Yating's policy documents of "Comprehensive Strategy to Africa" ​​released by the EU in March 2020，Judging from the three major characteristics of European Africa in the future: the cooperation of European Africa in trade investment and peace security will further deepen; immigration issues will be an important issue that affects future European -African relations，But the possibility of reaching a consensus in the near future is relatively low; the impact of the epidemic，The EU will fall in non -influence or will fall，Uncertain enhancement bet365 Play online games of European -African relations。Peng Yizhen thinks，The pragmatic color of the African policy of the Macron government，The desire for non -relationships from "French and non -special relationships" to equality and transparency，By listed "anti -terrorism" as the primary topic，Continue to use development assistance this important traditional tool，Promoting economic diplomacy and actively developing illegal national markets。Li Kaixuan has followed the issue of adjustment to Africa in Italy since 2013，The focus of its policy is to actively build a bilateral dialogue platform，Improve the development cooperation system，For energy、Economic issues such as trade and other immigration issues linked to security have increased attention and invested more resources。Ma Hanzhi focuses on the "Power Africa Initiative" implemented by the United States in Africa，One of the important intentions of the initiative is that the United States regards it as an important tool for curbing China's influence in Africa，Shape the dominance of the United States in the global power field，But the United States promoted the project in Africa，There is a disadvantage to interfere with the internal affairs of African countries in the name of optimizing the investment environment，and will cause African debt problems to increase。

About African countries，There are three research results in the domestic academic community。diplomatic ideas for Foreign Policy and Political Elite for African countries，Hao Shiyu、Duan Kyushu analyzed the African policy orientation and changes in Egypt since Cymb，I believe that it has strengthened the relationship with African countries、Actively participate in African counter -terrorism affairs、Promoting pragmatic measures such as Africa integration。For security cooperation between African countries，Wang Tao believes that under the collective security mechanism, the African Standing Army is an important achievement of the African mainland in the security field，Problems based on internal mechanisms、Multiple factors of resource allocation of resource allocation，African Standing Army Disaptive Development Situation has the risk of eliminating the efforts of security integration in Africa。Zhang Kai demonstrates that South Africa participated in the African conflict resolution and reconstruction、African peacekeeping operations in multilateral institutions，It also pointed out that 囿 囿 自 自、International identity of peace and safety construction method、Complicated security situation and other factors weakened its results。​​For regional economic cooperation，The African Free Trade Zone, which was officially launched on July 1, 2020, caused heated discussion in the domestic academic community。Park Yingji is based on the "African Continental Free Trade Zone Agreement"，The system explains the goals established by the African Free Trade Zone、mechanism framework、Core content and operation mechanism，Research and judge that the number of members of this global number of members will be in trade、Investment、Unified large market brings scale economic effects。Zhu Weidong、Wang Ting is aimed at overlapping the identity of members in African regional cooperation，From the perspective of the legal perspective, point out the path of dispel the phenomenon of overlapping the status of African regional economic organizations。

About China -Africa relations，How can China -Africa relations and China -Africa cooperation achieve deepening and upgrade? How to deal with traditional African countries、What are the interests of emerging powers? These issues that urgently need to respond to the research interests of scholars' research。Questions on China and Africa and mechanisms，Zhang Zhongxiang systematically sorted out the achievements of the China -Africa Cooperation Forum for 20 years，and summarize successful experience: Leaders attach importance to，Optimized the top -level design of the forum; equal negotiation，Following the needs of African economic transformation; cooperation and win -win，benefit the interests of both parties; keep pace with the times，Contents are constantly adjusted and enriched; mechanism guarantee，All measures are implemented; South -South cooperation，For the development of developing countries。Li Anshan used a strong "problem consciousness"，Finding the anxiety caused by the rapid development of China -Africa relations in the West、Bias and jealousy，and some Western media conducts various unprecedented accusations against China -Africa cooperation，It proposed that China needs to objectively understand the status of China -Africa Bet365 app download cooperation in international development cooperation and its actual response in various countries，At the same time, be wary of some international methods of "killing" and "Chinese model"，Profitable to avoid harm，Promote the construction of the China -Africa's Community of Destiny Stable。Research on China -Africa cooperation，Related writings in the academic community involve resource development、Environment、Investment、Assistance、Security、Culture、Technology、Development experience sharing and other aspects，and China -Africa's anti -epidemic cooperation research conducted by China and Africa to deal with emergencies is the new "highlight"。Liu Haifang is based on a large amount of empirical information，Analysis of the two -way mutual assistance of China -Africa united resistance epidemic，China and Africa do their best to support each other、Donation and donation，Officials and civilians，Vividly interpreted the sufferings of China and Africa、Brothers friendship with watching help，and the meaning of building a community of human health and health。He Wenping pointed out from the perspective of China，China is assisting African anti -epidemic supplies、Display medical experts、Provide training and sharing prevention and control measures and experience、Calling the international community to attach importance to Africa and take the lead in taking action and other aspects, all reflect a high degree of responsibility。Research on relations between China and other countries and Africa，Yang Na Based on Combining Perspective，I believe that China and the European Union are supporting peacekeeping、Assist in the transformation of African industries、Promoting third -party cooperation and the development of new technologies and new energy convergence points，In promoting Africa's "sustainable development" and "sustainable safety"，Both sides can coordinate and play a role。

　　African National Issues Research

African continent based on colonial remains，Its multi -ethnic countries are divided into two types: main ethnic and non -subjective nation -state，And the situation of multinational nation is common，It is a hot area for the world's national issues，It is also a very valuable unique incision point for studying Africa。

Definition of the concept in African national research，Jiang Jun starts theoretical discussion on the four concepts of "tribes", "tribes" and "ethnic" commonly used in African nation research，The origin of the above concepts is combed more detailed、Development and flow change，Follow their connotation and evolution in the context of Western language、Special expression in Chinese context，Then it clarifies the applicability of the context of Africa，The tribe was the mainstream concept of the crowd before the 1960s，Use with caution because of its "outdated"; tribe in Chinese context，Abandoned because it is difficult to correspond to the specific situation in Africa;，The ethnic group gradually replaces the tribe，It is used to refer to the basic group of African countries to form a unit; nationality refers to the national nations of Africa countries。

About the construction of nation -state，Domestic scholars focus on specific country research。Zhang Yuyou analyzes the origin and evolution of the Moroccan Berbel.，I believe that the internationalization phenomenon of this group has formed，They are using group forces that transcend the sovereign state，Seeking cross -border national identity，To realize the "Berbel Language and Cultural Community"，The negative tendency of separationism brings challenges to the recognition of unified multi -ethnic countries。Liang Juanjuan pointed out，Beaja tribe living in eastern Sudan，Its identity logo is Tobalwavi、The Divap system and the Srif system，Dual influence of the continuation of the accumulation of historical illness and the continuation of reality，The potential division awareness of the Beaja tribe becomes unstable factor in national governance。Xu Wei、Mai Xiaoqing revealed the concepts of "identity", "identity politics", "new tribeism", revealing the social transformation and identity changes experienced by Africa, a non -black ethnic minority in South Africa，Discussion of the return "tribe" in the post -race isolation era、Holding the group heating、Self -isolation phenomenon，Try to answer how to get in a multi -ethnic、multi -ethnic group、A country that coexist multiculturalism to build a unified identity identity This is an important and urgent question。

About ethnic politics，This is a common political phenomenon in multi -ethnic African countries，Ethnic interaction based on the bet365 best casino games interests of ethnic groups and resort to political power，Many times the form of confrontation or even conflict。For the suffering of the war、Somali，Wang Xuejun believes that in the process of national reconstruction，Should face up to the elder system、Traditional political culture such as the method of practice，And can play its positive role at the local and national levels，Reflected in conflict reconciliation、Safety order maintenance and national reconstruction process participation。Jiang Jun discussed how the Rwanda Massacre happened from the perspective of ethnic political perspective，I believe that the country's independence in the early days of the Hutu and Tuxi people in the country have fierce power competition，Construct a kind of split and opposing ethnic politics。The political position of the opposed ethnic group and the exclusive rule with the ethnic group as the boundary，Always exist in explicit or hidden ways。The huge social foundation based on ethnic politics，The tribe is fully mobilized and organized，Reaction to emergencies stress，The massacre given the "name of the ethnic group" has become the product of the political evolution of the Rwanda ethnic group。Zeng Aiping analyzed the Oro Mo people、AMhara and other ethnic groups based on ethnic groups，Coupling it with the trend of extreme nationalism，Trim in national political governance，Bring a serious negative impact to the national autonomous prefecture system。

About ethnic relationship，Break through the gap between different ethnic groups and the wild，Promote national integration，It is a long -term process for African countries。Shen Xiaolei believes that the two largest nations of Zimbabwe, the national contradiction between the Shao Na and the Endele，Not only related to the "divided" political heritage of colonial rule，It is also closely related to the long -term national high -voltage policy implemented by the Zimbabwe government，Adopting national reconciliation and unity policies、The cracks and resolution of the two major ethnic groups must be necessary for national integration。Hu Yang traced back to the origin and development process of indigenous and immigration conflicts in the Northeast region of the Congo (Jin)，It is believed that the structural contradictions of historical factors and regions are direct causes of inducing conflict，Government's biased national policy、Lack of management of ethnic problems and intervention in neighboring countries，The conflict between indigenous and immigrants is continuously upgraded and expanded。Liang Yijian、Liu Guoqiang interpreted the cause of the long -term existence of exception in South Africa from the perspective of historical traceability，that is the long -term racial isolation in social structure、Cultural identity、The profound impact of behavior methods and development processes on South Africa society still exists until the present; solve South Africa's extracurricular problems，Need to recognize and govern from the racist level，Eliminate inferiority through Pan -Africanism、Self -hatred deformity psychology，Psychological liberation to eliminate racist relics。

Looking back 2020，Examine the important progress made by Africa research，Domestic academic circles still need to make up for shortcomings，Improve the subject system，Focus on strengthening the refined and regional research of African countries，New methods of exploration theory and research，Improve academic discourse communication power and influence。

　　(writing: An Chunying)