Provision for old age、A place of support for old age、Happy old age、A peaceful old age，Is an important symbol of social progress。In the context of unbalanced urban and Bet365 lotto review development，Providing high-quality Bet365 lotto review elderly care support is an extremely difficult task，Meaning the need for scientific research and judgment on my country’s aging process and characteristics，Systematic reform and improvement of relevant institutional arrangements and policy systems。

The Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee proposed for the first time actively responding to population aging as a national strategy，Demonstrates the confidence and determination of the Party Central Committee to deal with the severe challenges of aging。How to meet the care needs of the large Bet365 lotto review elderly population，It will become an important task to actively respond to the challenges of population aging in the new journey of comprehensively building a modern socialist country。

　　Bet365 lotto review elderly care faces severe challenges

Our country has the largest elderly population in the world，It is also one of the fastest aging countries in the world。National Bureau of Statistics data display，The elderly population in my country in 2019 was 2.500 million people，18% of the total population.1%。According to United Nations forecast，The number of elderly people in my country is expected to reach 4 in 2050.8.5 billion people，The proportion of the total population will reach 34.6%。Rapid population aging process，will make our country close to or even surpass the UK around 2050、The aging level of developed countries such as the United States。And in Bet365 lotto review areas，Higher proportion of aging population。As of the end of 2018，The proportion of elderly people in Bet365 lotto review areas in my country is as high as 20.5%，16 than the city.1% higher than 4.4 percentage points。And，Since 2011，The gap between Bet365 lotto review and urban areas is widening year by year，3 from 2011.3 percentage points expanded to 4 in 2018.4 percentage points。With the continued advancement of urbanization，my country’s Bet365 lotto review areas will face more severe aging challenges than those in cities。

First，The elderly disabled population in Bet365 lotto review areas is large，Great need for care、Heavy caregiving burden。The burden of elderly care depends on the size of the elderly disabled population in the region。From the perspective of self-care ability in daily activities，Getting dressed、Bathing、Eat、Getting in and out of bed、During any daily activities such as going to the toilet，People who have difficulties and need help or are unable to complete such activities are usually defined as the disabled population。The author’s research results based on data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS) show that，The proportion of elderly disabled people in Bet365 lotto review my country in 2018 was 10.7%，Higher than the city 2.5 percentage points。If you will have further difficulties and need help or cannot complete housework、Cooking、Shopping、When taking into account the five instrumental daily activities of managing money and taking medicine，The proportion of elderly disabled people in Bet365 lotto review areas of my country will rise to 26.5%，Bi City (17.2%) higher than 9.3 percentage points，The gap between urban and Bet365 lotto review areas is widening。What’s more important，Among the above-mentioned Bet365 lotto review elderly disabled groups，The proportion of unmet care needs reaches 19%，Seriously affecting their quality of life。

Second，The traditional caregiving ability of Bet365 lotto review families is gradually weakening。Long time，Children are the important body in caring for the elderly in Bet365 lotto review areas，Families are the main providers of care for disabled elderly people in Bet365 lotto review areas。But in the context of demographic transition，my country’s Bet365 lotto review families are facing a gradual decrease in the number of children。The author’s research shows，2018，The average number of children for Bet365 lotto review residents aged 75 and above in my country is 4.3，But the average number of children among the Bet365 lotto review population aged 50-54 has been reduced to 2.1。The reduction in the number of children will have an increasingly obvious impact on China’s Bet365 lotto review elderly care system, which is dominated by family care。Accompanied by large-scale population movements，Children are living farther and farther away from their parents。2018，Among Bet365 lotto review elderly people over 60 years old in my country，12% of seniors live alone，39% live alone with spouse，Only 47% of the elderly live with their children。Among older people who do not live with their children’s family，14% of the children of Bet365 lotto review elderly live in other counties and cities，An increase of approximately 4 percentage points from 2011 (10%)。The model of providing family elderly care through co-living is facing unsustainable problems。

　Third，The financial support capacity of Bet365 lotto review elderly restricts the payment needs for socialized care services。The weakening of family care function requires the development of socialized elderly care services to meet the growing care needs，However, the financial support capacity of the Bet365 lotto review elderly population severely restricts their ability to pay for socialized care services。In recent years，Although the government vigorously promotes new Bet365 lotto review residents’ pension insurance projects nationwide，Making the coverage rate of Bet365 lotto review pension insurance exceeding 90%，But，The protection level of Bet365 lotto review residents’ pension insurance is still low。The author’s research shows，The median of the new Bet365 lotto review insurance in 2018 is 720 yuan/year，About 1/5 of the pension amount received by enterprise employees during the same period。Once care needs arise，The low Bet365 lotto review social pension insurance is far from meeting the socialized payment needs for elderly care。Long time，Transfer payments from children are an important source of economic support for Bet365 lotto review elderly，But the calculation found，Nearly half of Bet365 lotto review empty-nest elderly people do not receive any financial support from their children。Low financial support capacity not only limits the possibility of Bet365 lotto review elderly people purchasing socialized elderly care services，And when the children are out of town and cannot provide care services，May face the situation of no one to take care of you。

　Fourth，Insufficient market-oriented elderly care institutions in Bet365 lotto review areas，Limited community elderly care support。Even if the elderly have enough financial ability to pay for socialized care services，But we are also facing a serious shortage of market-oriented elderly care institutions in Bet365 lotto review areas、The dilemma of relatively low service level in Bet365 lotto review elderly care institutions。This in turn leads to the coexistence of difficulty finding Bet365 lotto review nursing home beds and vacant nursing home beds，The supply and demand structure of elderly care is seriously imbalanced。Long time，Bet365 lotto review nursing homes are the only nursing homes in most Bet365 lotto review areas，And mainly used to provide care services to Bet365 lotto review five-guarantee households and extremely poor elderly people，The organization is small and the service level is low。Even though there are some private nursing homes that provide care services for the elderly in the community as a supplement，But most of them mainly provide food and accommodation，Difficulty meeting the therapeutic and spiritual needs of the elderly。Because the elderly in Bet365 lotto review areas live relatively scattered，The care services and support provided by community nursing facilities such as Xingfuyuan that have emerged in recent years are relatively limited。

　　Innovative Bet365 lotto review service supply model

Actively respond to the severe challenges of China’s aging population，Solving the large and growing demand for elderly care in Bet365 lotto review areas，Need to innovate the elderly care service supply model。On the one hand，Based on the perspective of the whole life cycle，Preventive solution to problems in old age，Layout in advance，Reducing future elder care burden and pressure。On the other hand，We must solve the problem of Bet365 lotto review elderly care from the perspective of urban and Bet365 lotto review coordination，Perfecting "Home Based"、Community-based、Organization is supplementary、The elderly care service supply model that combines medical and nursing care。

First，Improving the quality of basic public health services in Bet365 lotto review areas，Strengthen health education，Improve the health literacy of the whole society。Health problems in old age are the result of the accumulation of health problems at all stages of the life cycle。It is recommended to combine it with the actual situation in Bet365 lotto review areas，Carry out health education as early as possible，From early in life，Systematic intervention on health factors，Strengthen and improve the Bet365 lotto review public health service system，Carry out life-cycle health promotion and chronic disease prevention work。Improvement of health status of Bet365 lotto review children and adolescents，Will reduce China’s future elderly care burden from the source。

Second，In the implementation of Bet365 lotto review revitalization strategic actions，Conduct aging-appropriate transformation of infrastructure。With the deepening of aging in Bet365 lotto review areas，Under the premise that the population base is difficult to change in the short term，Take effective measures to reduce the level of disability rate，Will be an active response to the challenges of aging、An important way to reduce the burden of care。The introduction of aging-friendly infrastructure is an important way。Taking Bet365 lotto review revitalization as an opportunity，Further consolidate the results of the "Three-Year Action Plan for the Improvement of Bet365 lotto review Living Environment"，Advocate for barrier-free design and barrier-free renovation of Bet365 lotto review residences，Improving the safety and convenience of life for Bet365 lotto review elderly，Building an age-friendly village。

　Third，Break down institutional barriers，Give full play to the basic role of the family in elderly care。Although family care for the elderly faces many challenges，But for a long time in the future，Families will still be the important body of elderly care。Therefore，Need to provide policy support and promotion for family elderly care，Reducing institutional barriers for Bet365 lotto review labor in influx cities，Further promote the transfer of pension insurance and medical insurance across regions on a larger scale，To facilitate Bet365 lotto review elderly and their migrant children to live together in the cities where they migrate。

　Fourth，Moderately expand the coverage of minimum living security，Zhilao Bet365 lotto review Basic Elderly Care Service Security Network。Give full play to the role of financial support，Create a sustainable income security mechanism for eligible Bet365 lotto review low-income elderly groups，It is an inevitable requirement to consolidate the results of poverty alleviation。The Bet365 lotto review minimum living security system should implement classified policies，Consider the elderly care needs of those elderly people whose legal caregivers are unable to support them and whose actual life is difficult，Especially the severely disabled people from low-income Bet365 lotto review families、Seriously ill elderly patients, etc.。Consider the payment needs for Bet365 lotto review socialized care services，It is also important to appropriately increase pension payment and medical reimbursement levels in Bet365 lotto review areas。

　Fifth，Integrate Bet365 lotto review elderly care facilities and medical resources，Meet the multi-level care needs of the elderly。On the one hand，Small-scale nursing homes scattered in various towns and villages through mergers，Integrating medical resources in township health centers，Building a regional integrated medical and nursing care service center。While improving the level of institutional elderly care services，Enhance service capabilities for Bet365 lotto review home-based elderly care，On the basis of meeting the pension needs of people with financial support，Open excess beds to the public，Improve the sustainable management capabilities of public elderly care institutions。On the other hand，Advocate and support social forces to establish elderly care institutions，Comprehensively improve the service quality of nursing homes，Let market-oriented reforms benefit Bet365 lotto review elderly groups who have the willingness to purchase and the ability to pay，Meet the multi-level care needs of the elderly。

　(This article is part of the National Natural Science Foundation of China project “Care needs of the elderly in Bet365 lotto review China、Care service system and policy support” (71873010) phased results)

(Author’s affiliation: Peking University Chinese Bet365 lotto review Survey Center；National School of Development, Peking University)