Current,Facing the challenge of global value bet365 voucher reconstruction,Guided by the construction of a new development pattern,Effectively enhance the independent controllability of the industrial bet365 voucher and supply bet365 voucher,Ensuring the safety and stability of the industrial bet365 voucher and supply bet365 voucher,It has become an important and urgent task related to the high-quality development of our country。
Restructuring of the global value bet365 voucher intensifies industrial bet365 voucher risks
Outbreak of COVID-19,And the continued intensification of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine,Having an impact on the global industrial bet365 voucher and supply bet365 voucher,Countries’ focus on global industrial and supply chains has shifted from “efficiency” to “security”,Further accelerating the transformation of global value chains into short chains、Localization、Decentralization、Adjustment and reconstruction in green and other directions,As a result, the security and stability of my country’s industrial and supply chains will encounter new challenges。
First,From the perspective of short bet365 voucher,Transnational companies represented by developed countries have adjusted their global value bet365 voucher layout,Treat technology in key areas with increasing caution、Output of parts, etc.,Exacerbating the "stuck neck" problem in China's industrial and supply chains。Long time,my country’s manufacturing industry is “big but not strong”、Weak innovation ability、The problem of missing core technology,This is related to my country’s passive integration into the value bet365 voucher division of labor system,So much so that they are constrained by multinational companies from developed countries in the global value bet365 voucher with low added value、There is a great correlation between low- and medium-profit production links,It even causes my country’s industrial and supply chains to face the risk of “low-end lock-in”。2018,The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China investigated the situation of more than 130 key basic materials in more than 30 large enterprises across the country,Discovered that 32% of key basic materials are still blank,52% relies entirely on imports。current,With the global spread of the epidemic,Countries are increasingly cautious about technologies in key fields、Output of parts, etc.。February 2022,The U.S. Department of Commerce’s Bureau of Industry and Security announced that 33 Chinese entities will be included in the export control “unverified list”,means US exporters need to obtain a license,Only in order to export products or key parts,Thus, to a certain extent, it has exacerbated the "stuck" risk of some industrial and supply chains in our country。
Secondly,From a localization perspective,Developed countries conduct deep reflection on the revitalization of local manufacturing and the security of industrial and supply chains,Committed to relocating key industries or production links back to China,Intensifying the risk of industrial transfer faced by China。Since the global financial crisis,Developed countries have begun to comprehensively reflect on the development model of “shifting from reality to virtuality”,One after another implements the "re-industrialization" strategy,Promote the "return" of high-end manufacturing to the local area。European and American economies are trying to reduce the production costs of local manufacturing,A series of preferential policies have been introduced to encourage the reshoring of industries。As of August 2010,The United States introduces the "Manufacturing Promotion Act",Hope to reduce manufacturing costs through large-scale tax cuts,To attract American manufacturing companies overseas to return to the country。Especially with the outbreak of the epidemic on a global scale,Countries are increasingly aware of the partial "breaks" in the global industrial and supply chains caused by external shocks,will quickly spread to the entire production division of labor system,Even triggering the failure of global production division,Further intensified the process of advanced economies promoting the localization of global value bet365 voucher division of labor。Among them,With the United States、Japan、Developed countries and regions represented by the European Union and others are building independent and controllable structures、Safe and stable industrial bet365 voucher and supply bet365 voucher,Promoting the relocation of key industries back to the local area。For example,April 2020,The Japanese government invested 243.5 billion yen,To promote the "supply bet365 voucher reform" project,220 billion yen of which will be used to fund Japanese companies to move production lines back to Japan,leading to a further increase in the risk of industrial bet365 voucher transfer faced by our country。
AGAIN,From the perspective of decentralization,The highly dependent industrial and supply chains between countries formed under the global value bet365 voucher division of labor system are gradually exposing their vulnerabilities,Countries are gradually realizing the risk of "supply interruption" that may be caused by over-reliance on a single country。On the one hand,China-US economic and trade frictions have raised trade barriers in China’s related industrial chains,Increased trade costs and geopolitical risks in the global industrial bet365 voucher,The global industrial bet365 voucher has a tendency to disperse and shift to areas with lower trade barriers。On the other hand,New coronavirus epidemic leads to global city lockdown、Production disruptions and supply bet365 voucher shutdowns,Exposes the vulnerability of over-concentration of global industrial and supply chains,The need to strengthen supply bet365 voucher resilience is increasingly urgent。Countries avoid the risks caused by over-reliance on a single country,They are committed to accelerating the decentralized layout of the global industrial bet365 voucher and supply bet365 voucher。For example,Decision of the second meeting of the US-EU Trade and Technology Committee (TTC) held in May 2022,The United States and Europe will develop solar cells、Expand sources of rare earths and chips,And prepare to transfer its key industry supply bet365 voucher to India,This will greatly intensify the risks that constrain the security of my country’s industrial bet365 voucher and supply bet365 voucher。
Finally,From a green perspective,Russian-Ukrainian conflict triggers global energy crisis,Leading to a major shift in the global energy investment system,Green energy transformation is imminent,Accelerating the greening process of the global value bet365 voucher division of labor system。Russia is one of the largest energy suppliers in the world,Plays a vital role in the global energy market。2021,Russia exported 238 billion cubic meters of natural gas,Export crude oil 2.8.9 billion tons,ranked first and second in the world respectively。The continued intensification of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine and the corresponding economic sanctions,Leading to oil、The price of bulk energy commodities such as natural gas has soared,Having a severe impact on the global energy market,Leading energy supply to face great risks of uncertainty。To reduce over-reliance on Russian energy,Ensuring energy supply security,European countries are expanding investment in new energy sources,Germany even proposed to accelerate the expansion of wind and solar infrastructure,Plans to have at least 15 million pure electric vehicles on the road by 2030 and to achieve 100% renewable energy generation by 2035。In addition,The conflict between Russia and Ukraine has also caused international energy companies to withdraw or suspend traditional fossil energy business in Russia under pressure from all parties,Move towards investing more in renewable energy,This will accelerate the pace of green and low-carbon energy transformation on a global scale。In the long run,The green transformation of global value chains will raise the threshold for integrating into the production division of labor system of global value chains,Put forward higher requirements for the development of my country’s industrial bet365 voucher and supply bet365 voucher system。
To build a new development pattern to "stabilize the bet365 voucher" and "strong the bet365 voucher"
Build a new development pattern,It is China’s strategic layout to seize the initiative in future development,It is also a key guideline to ensure the safety and stability of the industrial bet365 voucher and supply bet365 voucher。Only by accelerating the construction of a new development pattern,Make full use of both domestic and international markets、Two resources,Continuously create stronger innovation、Higher added value、A safer and more reliable industrial bet365 voucher and supply bet365 voucher,Only in order to actively respond to the challenge of restructuring the global value bet365 voucher。
First,Accelerate the improvement of independent innovation capabilities,Get rid of the situation of being restricted by key technologies and core components,Ensuring the safety and stability of the industrial bet365 voucher and supply bet365 voucher。Continuously strengthen basic research and innovation capabilities in key areas,Secure capital、Talent、Effective supply of innovation factors such as technology and industrial agglomeration,Promote the industrial bet365 voucher、Innovation bet365 voucher、Capital bet365 voucher、In-depth integration of talent bet365 voucher。At the same time,Pay attention to strengthening the innovation subject position of enterprises,Promote the construction of enterprises as the main body、Oriented by market demand、Technological innovation system with deep coupling between industry, academia and research。In addition,Focus on uniting upstream and downstream enterprises in the industrial bet365 voucher、Scientific Research Institute,Building a major collaborative innovation platform covering the entire industry bet365 voucher,To accelerate the collaborative innovation of the entire industry bet365 voucher and the independent control of core technologies。
Second,Accelerate the construction of a unified national market,Relying on the advantages of domestic ultra-large-scale market,Empowering the industrial bet365 voucher and supply bet365 voucher to "replenish the bet365 voucher" and "strengthen the bet365 voucher"。Promote the elimination and abolition of various regulations and practices that hinder a unified market and fair competition,Effectively eliminate local protection and market segmentation,Open up the key blocking points that restrict the domestic economic cycle,Promote the smooth flow of commodity factor resources on a larger scale,Provide strong support for "replenishing the bet365 voucher" and "strengthening the bet365 voucher" of the industrial bet365 voucher and supply bet365 voucher。At the same time,Continuously strengthen the coordination and cooperation of industrial transfer projects between regions,Establish a coordination and resolution mechanism for major issues,Promote rational industrial layout、Further optimization of division of labor,Relieving the pressure of relocation of some industries to a certain extent,Effectively ensure the safety and stability of the industrial bet365 voucher and supply bet365 voucher。
Third,Seize the development opportunities of regional value chains,Actively cultivate a "me-centered" industrial bet365 voucher supply bet365 voucher system。Continue to solidly promote high-quality joint construction of the “Belt and Road”,Ensure the smooth implementation of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (RCEP),By continuously deepening industrial bet365 voucher cooperation with the “Belt and Road” co-building countries and RCEP member states,Accelerate the formation of a "we-centered" regional value bet365 voucher。In addition,Firmly safeguard the multilateral trading system,Actively participate in and lead the formulation of international economic and trade rules,By actively applying to join high-level agreements such as the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) and the Digital Economy Partnership Agreement (DEPA),Provides important opportunities for my country to better integrate into the global value bet365 voucher and create a "we-centered" industrial bet365 voucher and supply bet365 voucher system。
Fourth,Accelerate the green transformation and upgrading of economic development methods,Adapt and lead the green development process of the global value bet365 voucher。First,By encouraging R&D and innovation in green and low-carbon technologies,Comprehensively improve resource utilization efficiency,Speed up production methods、Green transformation of consumption patterns and development patterns。Secondly,Adhere to energy saving as a priority,Promote and improve the dual control system of total energy consumption and intensity,Effectively increase the proportion of renewable energy utilization,By optimizing energy structure,Help China reach its carbon peak、Smooth realization of carbon neutrality goal。Finally,Actively participate in international cooperation and negotiations in areas such as addressing climate change,Work together to build win-win cooperation、Fair and reasonable global climate governance mechanism,Work together to promote green and low-carbon energy transformation,To seize the commanding heights of future global industrial development and layout,Contribute Chinese wisdom and strength to address climate change。
(This article is a major project of the National Social Science Fund "Research on the Security and Stability Strategy of China's Industrial bet365 voucher and Supply bet365 voucher under the New Development Pattern" (21&ZD098)、National Natural Science Foundation of China project "The impact and response strategies of international and domestic value bet365 voucher reconstruction on China under the global epidemic pandemic" (72073025) phased results)
(Author’s affiliation: National Institute of Opening-up, University of International Business and Economics、School of International Economics and Trade)
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