Generally speaking，Literature theory defines literature as "Art of Language"，It is believed that it belongs to the art door category。In previous literary research，The so -called "Language Art"，Mainly refers to written language。So，Does "Language Art" reveal the nature of literature? Literature with written language as a carrier，Is it all or main forms of literature? From the perspective of the history of anthropology and civilization，Understand literature as "art of language"，In fact, I just saw the external media features of literary works。Look at literature if only from the external media characteristics of literature，Often cannot really understand the nature of literature，It is not allowed to recognize the status quo of literature in today's era and its future destiny。From the perspective of the origin of literature，Still focusing on the contemporary and future fate of literature，We should all jump out of narrow discipline definition of literature simply as "artistic art"，and re -examine literature from the perspective of evolving anthropology and contemporary media。

　bet365 Play online games

From the perspective of anthropology，Written text form of literary works，It is neither literature’s initial media form，Not the most important media form。Literature was originally a verbal language record and dissemination。Anthropologists discover it according to archeological evidence，As early as 500,000 years ago，Homo sapiens have language expression; 200,000 years ago，The language ability of Homo sapiens has developed mature。Based on this，We have reason Bet365 lotto review to speculate，Human oral literature tradition is likely to experience more than 100,000 years before the origin of written text。and according to the saying in "A Brief History of Human Nosh Harri) in" Yuval Noah Harari)，The history of "storytelling" in the Homo sapiens is at least 670,000 years。Compared to the 670,000 years or even more than 100,000 years compared to the oral literary tradition，Writing literature with only 45,000 years of history is obviously a little witch to see the big witch。The history of literature centered on written text works，It's just a short time in the process of long literary history，and even in this short time，Oral literature has also been continuing and developing。

Whether it is oral literature or written literature，All use language as a carrier，None of the definition of the literature of "Language"。But，Whether it is oral language or written language，All symbol systems of expressions，All mediums (this article uses a broader media view，The carrier of the symbol system and the bearing symbol system of the emoticon is collectively referred to as a medium)，It is not literature。From the perspective of anthropology，Literature mainly refers to those fictional stories。Fictional stories exist in people's minds and imaginations，It is a fact between the subject，A world shared by different subjects。Fictional story and imagination world，After the human language revolution,，Get the opportunity to express and spread，Since then, it has become an important cultural content in human society。Language as the initial medium of human invention，The main means of bearing and communication literature，and continue to this day。

But，Since ancient times，Human beings not just rely on language to tell fictional stories。Language is an important media invented by humans，But bet365 live casino games human body and action can also pass on their intentions，and form a special symbol system。Mats without language or silent movie can obviously tell stories，The symbol system of their emoji can also be regarded as a medium。If "Homer Epic" mainly uses verbal languages ​​to tell stories in ancient Greece，So the "Homer Epic" we see today is mainly existing as a written text medium。Ancient Greek drama，The main form of existence is the character's drama performance，The main content is the Dao Bai and Action of the Actor，From a media perspective, it belongs to a comprehensive art form that uses multiple media。From the perspective of a broad media perspective，The existence of the "Homer Epic" existence is both oral language medium，There are also written text medium; and ancient Greek drama，The multi -media form with the live performance of the characters as the core as the main form of existence。

Review literature from the perspective of anthropology and media，We will find，Literature is not just "artistic art"。From ancient times to the present，Literature has been using a variety of media to tell it itself。

Contemporary technology brings a new literary form

With the continuous development of technology，Humans have successively invented many new media forms。Before the emergence of intelligent terminal devices，Humans have invented many media technology，Ruwei、Tele report、Phone、Movies and TVs, etc.。This article regards the symbolic system of the expression of language as a medium of human invention，Also the symbol system (sound、Text、Image, etc.) The parasitic carrier depends on itself is considered a medium (such as the screen)。If this is defined，Under the wave of the scientific and technological revolution，Humans have indeed entered an era of diversified media。In Bet365 lotto review this background，Literature also ushered in an era of diversified media。

Invention of movies and TVs，Let human beings enter a new era of popular culture，Literature is also presented in a new form to the reader/audience。Movie and TV uses photography technology and screen broadcast technology，Can tell fictional stories in a dynamic image。Movies and TVs are of certainly new media，But in terms of the external media form of literature，They just use the drama performances that were originally on the stage to technically copy and process them slightly，Just put it on the screen。The literary media form presented by movies and TVs，It is still mainly the drama performance of the characters。As a comprehensive multi -media literary expression form，They are just the live drama performance of the live nature，Plane dynamic image compressed into two -dimensional，The audience transmitted to the audience in front of the screen。Compared with the drama performance on the stage，Drama performances presented on the electronic screen，Although it is still mainly based on the white and action of the characters to interpret the fictional story，But its new feature is that the range of communication is larger，Cancelled the live nature and uniqueness of the drama performance，Make the audience can enjoy the drama without the same time and space as the drama performers，and you can enjoy it unlimitedly。

The emergence of the Internet，Make human instant interactive techniques of human beings a new round of development。People sit in front of the computer screen，Operation through the mouse and keyboard，It can achieve instantaneous communication。Literature in the context of this background has also entered an era of prosperity of a medium diversification，The existence of literature has new revolutionary changes。For example，The Bet365 lotto review emergence of narrative video games with fictional stories as the core。With the continuous popularization and maturity of Internet technology，Narrative video games have been developed rapidly，It has become an important cultural and entertainment method for many people today。Actually，If we regard literature as not relying on the external symbol system, we only exist in the fiction between the subjects，So narrative video game is obviously a new form of existence in literature。

The revolution of narrative video games is not in what new changes are in the medium of telling or presenting the story，and it is itself a special literature。Its special thing is，Compared with anime movie or any traditional literary form，It belongs to an unfinished literary work。Before that，Any literature presented to readers or audiences，No matter what its media form，All belong to the completed literary works，The stability and non -degeneration of text。But narrative video games are different -the game itself only provides players with material，Provide a variety of character characters for choice、Magic props、Story scene and multiple possible plots，The interpretation of the specific story requires players' participation，The participation of the player enables the unfinished script provided by the game designer to be finalized。Narrative video game This Internet background Get rapidly developing new literary forms，Its creators include two subjects -game designers and players。Cooperation of these two creative subjects，Make a literary work finally formed。narrative video games as a special literary type，The significance of its revolution is to have dual creative subjects，The creator of the player becomes the protagonist or a character in the story，Make the creator of the story and the characters in the story together。bet365 best casino games and，The readers of this literary work are mainly players themselves。So，This literary form actually actually the creator of the story、The characters and readers of the story in the story are all together，Become a new literary form。

　　Future three -dimensional virtual image outlook

With the continuous development of media technology，New video medium that no longer rely on electronic screens in the future，That is a three -dimensional virtual image。The development of stereo virtual imaging technology，It may make this idea realize in the near future。If the three -dimensional virtual image can popularize the Internet as today's Internet and smart terminal devices，Then then the movie and narrative video game，It is likely to say goodbye to today’s QR visibility era，Entering the video age of high simulation three -dimensional virtual space。

That time，The interpretation and presentation of fictional stories，It is likely to return to the traditional drama performance in the three -dimensional space in a certain way。The difference is，Traditional drama performances are only limited to a small stage，The performances in movies and TV series, although many stage and scenes can be replaced，But it is mainly real scenes，It is a space in the real world; the future three -dimensional virtual image，Its "stage" and scenes can have a mapping of real space scenes，There is also pure fictional space。At that time, the "stage" of the literary world and the fictional story，It is likely to be more free and diverse than today。

If the ancients mainly rely on imagination to interpret fictional stories，Relying on language carriers and dissemination，So the human beings in the future not only have the minds to imagine fictional stories，Perhaps it can also be used to interpret and disseminate fictional stories with a highly realistic virtual image world。Development of media technology，Not only does bet365 live casino games it cause changes in the form of literature and communication，It may also cause changes in literature itself。Today's hyper -text network literature、narrative video games and future highly integrated three -dimensional virtual image，All are their representative or development direction。

(Author Unit: Academy of Literature of Suzhou University)