Autism or autism，Autism Spectrum Disorder，ASD），is Pervasive Developmental Disorder，PDD) representative diseases。In recent years，With increasing public awareness and advances in diagnostic technology，The prevalence of autism is found to be increasing year by year，However, its pathological causes and neurological basis are not yet clear。Currently，A large number of research findings，bet365 bonus code 2023 have abnormalities in their inner feelings。Interoception refers to the ability to perceive signals from within one's own body and transmit them to the brain，Reflects the state of the body and its internal organs。Interoceptive abnormalities may have an impact on their multi-sensory integration ability，It is the cause of his social disorder、Important causes of stereotyped behavior and emotional anxiety。People often say，“bet365 bonus code 2023 like to immerse themselves in their own world”，Does the “own world” here highlight the unique role of interoception in the perception of bet365 bonus code 2023？Many current studies tend to only focus on the role of exteroception，While ignoring the role of interoception and the integration of the two types of feelings。

　　The relationship between autism symptoms and bet365 bonus code 2023

bet365 bonus code 2023，Usually refers to persistent impairment in social interaction and communication，accompanied by repeated stereotyped behavior、People with activities or narrow interests。Some studies show，Compared with normal people，People with autism are significantly more likely to experience pain or discomfort associated with physical conditions，And its association with gastrointestinal discomfort、Low muscle tone、Joint hypermobility and migraines are highly correlated。Symptoms such as this，Revealing the specificity of interoception in bet365 bonus code 2023，Perhaps it can provide more explanations for their social symptoms and even non-social cognitive processing deficits。The Bayesian model also believes that，The formation of perceptual experience of bet365 bonus code 2023，It will be affected by the current sensory information input，Also affected by prior knowledge about the world。Therefore，Abnormal senses and perceptions in bet365 bonus code 2023，Maybe due to over-sensitivity to sensory input and weakening of prior knowledge。Interoception is an important part of the sensory system，The regulation and influence mechanism cannot be ignored。

There is currently research linking interoceptive accuracy (that is, how accurately a person can detect signals from internal organs) to a number of important psychological functions，such as multi-sensory integration、Emotional processing、Self-regulation、Empathy, etc.，And suggests that interoceptive abnormalities may play a key role in theory of mind。These extensive connections，In line with embodied cognition theory，It can also explain the core feature of autism-social impairment leading to a reduction in social interaction and communication，It means that individuals will allocate more cognitive resources to the inside of the body。And paying too much attention to the inside of the body，May reduce the ability to receive and integrate external information，As a result, the establishment and development of the self-model will also become slower。Except social，bet365 bonus code 2023 have insufficient emotional processing and empathy abilities，Also thought to be related to interoception。There is a theory，Human emotions arise from the perception of internal signals in the body，More sensitive to internal signals，The easier it is to cause strong emotional experiences (such as anxiety or emotional loss)。People with autism pay more attention to their own emotional experience，Less sensitive to the relationship between others and self，So it is difficult to empathize。In short，Abnormal interoception in bet365 bonus code 2023，It may be one of the key factors causing defects in autism。

　　Interoceptive characteristics of bet365 bonus code 2023 and their physiological causes

Since there is a close connection between interoception and many symptoms of autism，So what are the differences between bet365 bonus code 2023’s interoceptive feelings and those of normal people？What is the physiological reason behind it？Meta-analysis of research in this area shows，The interoception of most autistic adults is compared with that of normal adults，No abnormality shown。A study by Sarah Garfinkel and others，Interoception is weakly impaired in autistic adults，Compared with normal people，It is more difficult for them to perceive their own visceral sensations。Subsequently，When the age range of the subjects is further expanded，It is found that abnormal interoception is more common in autistic children，Two studies on short-duration tasks showed that children with autism had lower interoceptive accuracy than normal children。Another study synthesizes long-duration task findings，The difference between autistic children and normal children is not significant in the short term，But in longer missions，The interoceptive accuracy of autistic children is significantly higher than that of healthy children，Exhibit continued enhancement in attention to internal cues，This is also consistent with the repetitive stereotypes of their behavioral traits。Then，Given that autism is a developmental disorder，Abnormal interoception may change with changes in growth, development and time environment，So some researchers predict that the interoceptive abnormalities in autistic children can be compensated for in adulthood。

In addition，Some physiological studies show，The insula is the main brain area corresponding to interoception，Interoceptive attention causes enhanced activity in the anterior insula cortex。The role of the anterior insula in interoceptive attention，Mainly through the somatosensory cortex、Achieved by the interaction between visual cortex。Research has found，Connections between bilateral posterior insula and anterior insula in bet365 bonus code 2023 children，Weaker than normal children or even completely disrupted，And the connections between the somatosensory cortex and limb areas are also weaker。It can be inferred based on this，Abnormal activities of the insula cortex and connections with other cortices，It may be the physiological cause of abnormal interoception and emotional problems in autism。In addition，Proposed by Knight Quattrocki, Karl Friston and others，Abnormal interoception due to dysfunction of the oxytocin system，It is also very likely to be an important factor in the pathogenesis of autism。Oxytocin is a hormone and neurotransmitter，Plays an important role in regulating social interaction behavior。And a dysfunctional oxytocin system，May interfere with the generation of interoceptive signals、Resulting in abnormal regulation，And its integration with external environment information。

　　Future prospects of interoceptive intervention in bet365 bonus code 2023

As people continue to explore the potential relationship between autism and interoception，Research on interoceptive intervention in autism has also made corresponding progress。Researchers at home and abroad have put forward hypotheses。If external intervention is possible，Improve or reduce interoception，Thus promoting the activation degree and functional connection of the insula of bet365 bonus code 2023，Then the multi-sensory integration disorder displayed by this group、Emotional abnormalities and social problems, etc.，Perhaps a partial solution can be obtained。

Keisuke Suzuki and others described the receptors as the role of interoception，Through external visual stimulation，Presented to people with autism。Results found，Heartbeat information that bet365 bonus code 2023 are originally concerned about，will become a facilitator for their ability to accept external visual signals more easily。Based on the research findings of Manos Tsakiris，There is a negative correlation between interoceptive accuracy and the rubber hand illusion (the illusory experience of an external rubber prosthetic hand as one's own real hand) in people with autism。Therefore，In educational intervention，We can make extensive use of virtual reality technology，Use 3D model，Change the individual’s heartbeat、Physiological changes in respiratory and other internal organs are visualized，Thus improving the ability of bet365 bonus code 2023 to direct internal attention to the external world，Further improve the clinical symptoms of lack of social interaction。

　For autistic children with higher cognitive abilities or mildly autistic adults，Mindfulness intervention has also been shown to improve a variety of symptoms related to interoception。For example，Emotional regulation of anxiety, depression and chronic pain, etc.。The theoretical basis is embodied cognition theory and body marking hypothesis。Interoception plays an important role in emotion regulation and decision-making theory。Some bet365 bonus code 2023 have a persistent and excessive focus on physical sensations，May amplify their negative evaluative perceptions of interoception，Thereby increasing the risk of anxiety。Through mindfulness training，Individuals can better process interoceptive signals from within the body without interference from other factors，Reduce anxiety or body misunderstanding caused by excessive attention。and，On MRI，Mindfulness intervention is highly correlated with anxiety reduction。Visible，Future by interfering with certain aspects of interoception，Improving the core symptoms and abnormal behaviors of bet365 bonus code 2023，Also predictable。

In summary，More and more studies have proven，There is a link between abnormal interoception and symptoms of autism。Research on interoception predicts the analysis of the causes of autism and the advancement of intervention measures，May have a positive impact。But different from exteroception，Interoceptive stimulation is often difficult to quantify，It is also difficult to control at the experimental level，And there are different ways to define standards and measurements，It is also an important reason for the inconsistent results of researchers。However，Excluding the influence of measurement method，About the neurodevelopmental mechanism of interoception in bet365 bonus code 2023 and its essential connection with core symptoms、Interoception intervention, etc.，Need further in-depth study。

　　(This article is a phased result of the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Special Children and Education Open Fund Project "Exploration of Multidimensional Assessment and Group Rehabilitation Intervention for bet365 bonus code 2023 Children" (TJ202005)

(Author’s unit: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Special bet365 bonus code 2023 and Education；School of Educational Sciences, Yangzhou University；School of Education, Soochow University)