Exploring the internal experience characteristics of people with autism
April 19, 2022 09:40 Source: "China Social Sciences", April 19, 2022, 2390th Author: Shi Yunjie Kou Dongquan Liu Dianzhi

autism or autism,a a,ASD),Pervasive Developmental Disorder,PDD) representative diseases。In recent years,With the increasing consciousness of the public and the advancement of diagnostic technology,The prevalence of the discovered autism is rising year by year,But its pathological causes and neural foundations have not yet been clear。Current,Discover a lot of studies,There is an abnormality in the experience of autism。Internal feelings refer to the ability to perceive the internal signal of your body and transmit it to the brain,Can reflect the state of the body and its internal organs。Internal feelings may affect their multi -sensory integration capabilities,It leads to its social obstacles、The important reasons for stereotypes and emotional anxiety。People often say,"People with autism like to be immersed in their own world",Does the "own world" here highlight the unique role of internal feelings in the perception of autism? Many current studies often only pay attention to the role of external experience,and ignore the role of internal experience and integration of the two types of feelings。

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People with autism,Usually refers to persistent damage in social communication and communication,and accompanied by repeated stereotypes、People with activities or narrow interests。Some studies indicate,Compared with normal people,Lonely people with autism accompanied by pain or discomfort in physical condition is significantly higher,and it is discomfort with the gastrointestinal bet365 Play online games tract、Low muscle tension、Joint joint activity and migraine have high correlation。such symptoms,Display the specificity of people's experience in inside,Perhaps it can provide more explanations for their social symptoms and even non -social cognitive processing defects。Bayesian model also thinks,The formation of the perception experience of people with autism,It will be affected by the current sensory information input,It will also be affected by the knowledge of the world's priority。So,The feeling and perception abnormality of people with autism,It may be due to the excessive sensitivity to the input and weakening of the prior knowledge。Internal feelings as an important part of the sensory system,Its regulation and influence mechanism cannot be ignored。

At present, there are already studies that have the accuracy of internal experience (that is, a person can accurately detect the degree of internal organs signal) is linked to some important psychological functions,Ru Du Sensory Integration、Emotional Treatment、Self -regulation、Complex, etc.,and imply that internal feelings may play a key role in psychological theory。These extensive contacts,Not only in line with personal cognitive theory,It can also illustrate the core characteristics of autism -social obstacles lead to a reduction in social interaction and communication,It means that individuals will allocate more cognitive resources into the body。too much attention to the body,It may reduce the ability to receive and integrate external information,The establishment and development of the self -model will become slow。Except social,Insufficient emotional processing and insufficient empathy of people with autism,It is also considered to be related to inside。There bet365 best casino games are theoretical thinking,The generation of human emotions originated from the feeling of the internal signal of the body,The more sensitive to the internal signal,The easier it is to cause a strong emotional experience (such as anxiety or emotional out of control)。and autism people pay more attention to their emotional experience,The relationship between others and self is less sensitive,So it is difficult to generate empathy。In short,Abnormal feelings in people who are autism,It may be one of the key factors that cause autism defects。

  Internal experience characteristics and physiological reasons

Since there is a close connection between the internal experience and the symptoms of many autism,So what are the differences between people with autism compared to normal people? What are the physiological reasons behind it?,Most of the internal feelings of adult adults compared to normal adults,No abnormality is not manifested。A study of Sarah Garfinkel and others,Internal feelings of autism adults are weak damage,Compared with normal people,They are even more ugly to perceive their internal organs。Subsequent,When further expanding the age range of the subject,Internal feelings of children who are found to be autism are more common,Among them, there are two short -term tasks. Studies show that the internal experience of autism children is lower than normal children。Discovery of another comprehensive long -term task,The difference between the children and normal children in the short -term process are not significant,But in the long time mission,The internal experience of children with autism is significantly higher than that of healthy children,Showing the continuous enhancement of the ability to pay attention to internal clues,At the same time, bet365 best casino games this is also consistent with the repeated stereotypes of their behavioral characteristics。So,Since autism is a developmental obstacle,Internal feelings may change with changes in growth, development and time and environment,So some researchers predict the internal feelings of autism children can be compensated after adulthood。

Another,Some physiological research shows,Brain Island is the main brain area of ​​the corresponding feelings,Internal feelings will cause enhancement of the cortex activity of the front brain island。The role of attention in front of the brain island,Mainly feel the cortex with the body、The interaction between the visual cortex is realized。Already studied finding,Connection of Bilateral Brain Island and Active Brain Island of Children with Autism,Weaker or even completely interrupt than normal children,and the connection of the cortex and limb area of ​​the body is also weak。Based on this can be speculated,The cortex activity of the brain island and the abnormality connected to other cortex,It may be the physiological cause of abnormalities and emotional problems in autism。In addition,Knight Quattrocki and Karl Friston and others proposed,Internal feeling abnormalities caused by dysfunction caused by oxytocin system,It is also very likely that it is an important factor in the disease caused by autism。Oxytocin is a hormone and neurotransmitter,Bet365 app download play an important role in regulating social communication behaviors。and functional disorders oxytocin system,May interfere with the generation of internal experience signals、Causes adjustment abnormalities,and its integration with external environmental information。

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The exploration of potential relationships between bet365 Play online games people and internal feelings is continuously deepened,Research on experience intervention in autism also made corresponding progress。Researchers at home and abroad have proposed assumptions。If you can pass external intervention,Improve or reduce internal experience,Then promote the activation degree and functional connection of the island of people with autism,So the multi -sensory integration obstacles showed by this crowd、Emotional abnormalities and social problems,Perhaps it can be partially solved。

Keisuke Suzuki and others, the feeling that the internal feelings play the effect,Method of external visual stimulation,presents to people of autism。Discover,The heartbeat information of the original autism,It will become the ability to promote them easier to accept external visual signals。and research foundation based on Chakiris Tsakiris,The internal experience of people with autism and the illusion of rubber hand (that is, a negative correlation between an external rubber fake hand as the illusion of your own hand)。So,In education intervention,We can use virtual reality technology,Use 3D stereo model,Putting the individual heartbeat、The physiological changes of internal organs such as breathing and other internal organs are presented with visualized means,As a result, people with autism are improved to point the internal attention to the outside world,Further improving clinical symptoms of its social interaction deficiency。

For children with high cognitive ability or mild autism adults,Righteous thought intervention has also been proved to improve various symptoms related to internal experience。For example,Emotional regulation and chronic pain of anxiety and depression。The theoretical basis is the body cognitive theory and the body marking hypothesis。Internal feelings Bet365 app download play an important role in emotional regulation and decision -making theory。Some people with autism are based on the continuous attention of the body's feelings,It may enlarge its negative evaluation perception of internal experience,to increase the risk of anxiety。Training through mindfulness,Individuals can better process the internal experience signal from the body without any other factors,Reduce the anxiety or physical misunderstanding generated by excessive attention。and,On the imaging of MRI,Decrease in mindfulness intervention and the reduction of anxiety showing a high correlation。Visible,Some aspects that feel in the future through intervention,Improve the core symptoms and abnormal behaviors of people with autism,It is also expected。

To sum up,More and more research has proven,There is a certain connection between the symptoms of the abnormal and autism internal experience。The analysis of the cause of autism and the advancement of intervention measures that indicate the internal experience,It may have a positive impact。But different from external feelings,The stimulus you feel internal often difficult to quantify,It is also difficult to control the experimental level,and its definition standards and measurement have different ways,It is also an important reason for the inconsistent results of researchers。But,Except the impact of the measurement method,The neuros development mechanism in people who feel in the autism and the essential connection between its core symptoms、Internal experience intervention,You need to further study further。

  (This article is the opening fund project of special children and education key laboratories in Guangdong Province "Multi -dimensional evaluation of autism children and the exploration of group rehabilitation intervention" (TJ202005) phase -based results)

(Author Unit: Key Laboratory Laboratory of Special Children and Education in Guangdong Province; School of Education and Science, Yangzhou University; School of Education of Suzhou University)

Editor in charge: Zhang Jing
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