Artificial bet365 sign up bonus code is the simulation of human intelligent activities by humans using computers,Thus allowing the computer to do some things that the human mind can do。usually,“bet365 sign up bonus code” is not one-dimensional,But it has clear layers、Different dimensions with rich structure,Have various information processing capabilities。Currently,Artificial bet365 sign up bonus code can use a variety of technologies to complete multiple tasks,brings great convenience to human life。But with the large-scale and long-term application of artificial bet365 sign up bonus code,Because artificial bet365 sign up bonus code cannot adapt itself to specific situations,As well as the deficiencies of intelligent machines and limitations of intelligent systems,Wrong decision、Algorithmic bias、Data leakage and other problems are emerging。Therefore,This article explores the limitations of the development of artificial bet365 sign up bonus code from a logical dimension,Hope it can bring some inspiration to deal with relevant challenges。
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bet365 sign up bonus code beings have long wanted to use machines to replace bet365 sign up bonus code work and calculations。As early as the 17th century,Leibniz proposed the idea of creating a "normal language",That is, creating ideographic and unambiguous symbol systems,To express bet365 sign up bonus code knowledge and information with the help of these symbols。1936,Alan Turing proposed the theoretical model of modern computers - Turing machine in the article "On Computable Numbers and Their Application to Decision Problems"。Therefore,Leibniz’s idea is continued and realized on the Turing machine,bet365 sign up bonus code reasoning transformed into number crunching,And processed by computer。
The Turing machine is the prototype of modern computers,The structure is very simple,That is, a paper tape long enough to print symbols and a read-write head that can obtain symbols。Then,A set of instructions governs the execution of the Turing machine,Essentially bet365 sign up bonus code can be understood as a limited set of four-tuples (current state、Tape symbol、Action to perform、New status)。Therefore,We can see,Although there are differences between Turing machines and modern computers,But its basic functions are no different from modern computers,That is, storage and operation。
Actually,Artificial bet365 sign up bonus code is the darling of the information age,Computer processing speed is very fast,And tirelessly、Take the trouble,Human beings expect to hand over the important task of processing information and knowledge to computers。From the perspective of the basic functions of the computer,its storage、The computing power has far exceeded that of human beings。From this point of view,Artificial bet365 sign up bonus code based on computers,More "smarter" than humans、More “intelligent”。To this point,It also prompts and inspires us to think about another question: Can artificial bet365 sign up bonus code have "real" bet365 sign up bonus code?
Incompleteness Theorem
1931,Kurt Godel’s Incompleteness Theorem is given,“Any formal system containing first-order predicate logic and elementary number theory,There is a proposition,It can neither be proven true in this system,Cannot be proven false”。1951,Wang Hao pointed out based on Gödel’s Gibbs Lecture,Human bet365 sign up bonus code cannot formalize all human mathematical intuitions,New intuitive knowledge will also be generated,This fact can be called "incompleteness"。Therefore,In a sense,In propositional logic,Start from the appropriate premises,All truths in this field can be deduced through reasoning。But,When expanding from propositional logic to predicate logic or elementary arithmetic system,There are always truths in this field that cannot be derived through deduction,Completeness cannot be established。
In simple terms,Artificial bet365 sign up bonus code after formalization,It is an executable program composed of a data set and an instruction set。The instruction set executed by artificial bet365 sign up bonus code is equivalent to an axiom system。When the instruction set is rich enough,There will always be some program statements in this range that cannot be derived from these instruction sets。Therefore,No matter how powerful artificial bet365 sign up bonus code is,Cannot complete all instructions。There are always some sufficiently complex and important calculations,The formal system cannot help us implement it。At this time,AI will not be able to execute these instruction sets。
Qiu Qi-bet365 sign up bonus code Thesis
1934,Proposed by Alonzo Church,“Every feasible computable function is generally recursive”。1936,Proposed by Turing,“All executable and computable functions are functions that are computable by Turing machines”。It can be said,All recursive functions are Turing computable,Collectively known as the Church-Turing Thesis,CTT)。To this point,People have determined that machines can only calculate general recursive functions,That is, Turing computable function。The machine cannot complete all function operations。For functions other than general recursive functions,No matter how smart and powerful the artificial bet365 sign up bonus code is,It is also impossible to calculate。The Church-Turing thesis is clearly explained,Artificial bet365 sign up bonus code is not omnipotent,We need artificial bet365 sign up bonus code to solve problems,The problem is required to be computable,And it must have reasonable complexity。
In addition,The recursive idea in the Qiu Qi-Turing thesis is also the basis for the formalization of artificial bet365 sign up bonus code。Obviously,The connected transformation sequence is easy to implement on the machine,Logical formalization is the basis for artificial bet365 sign up bonus code formalization。Formalization of artificial bet365 sign up bonus code,Roughly defined according to the formalization of a logical system。When AI handles a task or problem,The premise is that the task or problem must be logically formalized。But,The formalization of logical systems has scope of application。Currently,Artificial bet365 sign up bonus code cannot yet realize the complete formalization of human bet365 sign up bonus code。It’s not hard to see,When faced with tasks that cannot be represented formally,Artificial bet365 sign up bonus code will have many limitations and difficulties。
Box bet365 sign up bonus code
1986,Box(A. W. Burks) in "Robots and the Human Mind",Discussed the possibility that a finite automaton can realize all natural functions of human beings,Also called it the "mind-machine thesis"。In Bucks’ view,There is no essential difference between humans and robots,Machines will one day realize the functions of the human mind。However,This view has been questioned and challenged by many。From a philosophical perspective,Can artificial bet365 sign up bonus code truly understand "instructions"?Can I have perception、Consciousness and emotion?
Facing the "understanding" problem of artificial bet365 sign up bonus code,We can think of "understanding" as a ternary relationship,It can be regarded as the "information assignment" of "computer" to "instructions and statements"。In simple terms,It is to give "semantics" to "morphological symbols"。“Geographic symbols” are the formal language of data,Artificial bet365 sign up bonus code’s “understanding” of these language symbols is achieved through “semantic assignment”。In propositional and predicate logic,It is not difficult to realize the semantic assignment of "morphological symbols",But according to Alfred Tarski’s indefinability theorem of the concept of arithmetic truth,When language is so rich that minimal arithmetic,The concept of "true" is not arithmetically definable,In sufficiently rich systems,True cannot be defined for this language。This explains,In simple formal languages,Artificial bet365 sign up bonus code can "understand" the semantic "true",But when expanded to a rich enough arithmetic language,Artificial bet365 sign up bonus code will not be able to understand the most basic semantics of "true",Not to mention the instructions and statements that truly "understand" its input and output。and,Human bet365 sign up bonus code includes judgment、Reasoning、Learning、Memory and perception, etc.。But computers run according to instructions designed by humans,No perception、Consciousness、Emotion、Functions such as intuition and imagination。In other words,It is humans who "inject" a large amount of knowledge and information into computers,It is not the computer’s active perception,It has no autonomy。
So,Artificial bet365 sign up bonus code is just a special tool,is the machine that executes the instruction set,No autonomy、Consciousness and emotion。So-called machines have self-awareness, etc.,Just making the machine "look" self-aware,The certain selectivity shown by artificial bet365 sign up bonus code in executing instructions is not the same thing as human autonomy,Just a "false autonomy"。It’s not hard to see,Some aspects of the mind are difficult for artificial bet365 sign up bonus code to handle,It is therefore difficult to say that one has “real” bet365 sign up bonus code。
In understanding and transforming the world,Human being as an individual,There are certain limitations in its cognition,But for the entire human race,His understanding may break through this limitation。The rapid development of computer science and artificial bet365 sign up bonus code has caused the expansion and transformation of philosophical paradigms,A series of new paradigms are emerging。For example,Artificial bet365 sign up bonus code Philosophy、Logical Machine Philosophy、Computer Philosophy、Information philosophy, etc.。To some extent,Humans can have more knowledge than any computer、General problem determination and solution ability,Therefore, intelligent computers based on computability theory cannot completely replace humans。However,There is still a lot of room for development of artificial bet365 sign up bonus code。We should find another way、Pioneering and innovative,We cannot limit our attention only to the development and application of intelligent machines,We also need to study deeper specific laws in human thinking activities,Thus proposing a new research program,Formation of new research fields,New method、Integration of concepts and mechanisms with new theories or machine models,With a view to point by point、Creating a new type of smartphone face to face。
(This article is a phased result of the Young Marxist Theorist Project "Research on Logical Frontier Issues in Artificial bet365 sign up bonus code" at the School of Marxism, Hebei Normal University)
(Author’s unit: School of Marxism, Hebei Normal University)
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