The door and window structure appeared on the coffin of the Chu Tomb of the Warring States Period，is one of the new factors that appear in the tomb system of the vertical hole，It reflects the funeral consciousness that Chu people regard the tomb as the place where the soul lived after death。Most of the doors and windows in the pre -Qin tomb are seen in Hubei、Chu Tomb in Hunan，It is the product of the underground coffin on the real room space simulation on the ground，The construction of a funeral in the art of tombs、Life、Origin of the trend of the house。

　　bet365 Play online games Wooden coffin first appeared in the tomb during the Yangshao period of the Central Plains，Change of the "Asian" glyph grave of the "Asian" of the Shang Dynasty aristocracy、The establishment of the funeral system of the funeral system of "Ritual · Shi Funeral" of the Zhou Dynasty、The popularity of the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Period and the continuation of the early and middle -term Western Han Dynasty，In about 3,000 years，The tombs of the ancients are mainly based on rectangular vertical cave soil pit and wooden tombs。Most of the tombs of the Shang Dynasty use wooden coffin or coffin as a funeral utensil，Bronze Rites、pottery、Jade、Cargo Bed and other funerals。Hubei Huangpi Shang Panlong City's aristocratic tomb，The wooden puppet board that has been made of sophisticated carved sculptures and paint。Zhou Dynasty tomb popular "Jingyu"，That is the coffin，Its shape in the shape of a square，In terms of the application of tomb technology and coffin structure，To reach a considerable degree。The experience accumulated during the Shang and Zhou dynasties is continuously passed on，Make the construction technology of the wooden tomb of the vertical acupoints mature，Typical examples are Hubei Jingzhou Tianxing View M1 Chu Tomb and the Hunan Changsha Ma Wangdui No. 1 Han Tomb, Hunan Tomb.。The number of Chu tombs in the tomb of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty is the largest number、The best preservation conditions，Deep buried、sealed、isolation、The funeral customs of anticorrosion play a main role，Its coffin burial technology has inherited the tradition since the Zhou Dynasty。

　Second, the transformation of the tomb of the Warring States Period.The Tomb of the Warring States Period made a structural transformation of the traditional wooden tomb，Rudo -in -the -box sub -box system (set the head box、Footbox、left and right boxes, etc.)、The upper and lower layers of the head box、Draw carved doors and windows on the coffin board or partition，Established in the 椁 room、AC、stereo space pattern，Makes underground tombs simulation of the tomb creation of ground buildings gradually established。Use the beams and partitions to divide the room，It is one of the characteristics of Chu Tomb different from the tombs of the Central Plains。The tombs of the nobles of the Chu Kingdom have two to four layers of coffin，Division in the 椁，Two、3、4、5、The level differences of the seven room。Common taxi -class tombs are mostly one coffin，Exterior departure，There are also head boxes、Border Box Equation。Some aristocratic tombs are still in the head box or border box，Set up two layers of wooden boards in the upper and lower layers。Chu people are quite persistent in the concept of immortality of the soul，There are some unique settings on the funeral customs: drawing carved doors and windows on the coffin board or partition; jade tadpoles on the head or under the body; Choose the brief text of the Japanese Book and the Ji Ji Ji Ji, and the brief text of the ancestors of the ancestor of the ancestors;、Wooden figurines、lying deer、Tiger Bird Birds Drum、Tiger Flying Bird、Feather and other stylish funerals reflect the religious beliefs of the Chu people。These creative transformations of the burial system of Chu people，Inherited in the subsequent Qin Dynasty and the early and middle periods of the Western Han Dynasty, it was also inherited。

　Third, the doors and windows on the coffin of Zeng Houyi.The door and window structure on the coffin dates back to Zeng Houyi tomb in the early Warring States Period。Zeng Guo was once the vassal of Chu Kingdom，Its burial system can be regarded as a representative of the structural form of the early doors and windows of the Chu people。Zeng Houyi tomb is divided into、East、West、North Four Room，Placed the giant coffin of the tomb owner's first and second coffin in the east room。On the four -bedroom tadpole wall board，The bottom of the door is connected at the bottom，The outer coffin is also cut with a door hole; the inner coffin foot gear、East side of the inner coffin、The wall board on the west side of the coffin is painted with a compound field character grid。21 of the funeral coffin is 12 in the head block、Foot gear painting with pane。This special design，Imitation of pane plaid ornaments permanently in real houses，Is the arrangement of the soul after the death of the tomb。Due to the sealing of the structure of the wooden coffin structure，can only be drawn or chisent on the wall board of the coffin，It is convenient for the soul of the tomb owner to die from the head of the coffin、Foot、，and pass in the four rooms，Just like people shuttle in the front hall of the building on the ground、Backroom、Between the left and right compartments。Destiny is like things，Former sees the coffin as an independent building，Simulate the form and window shape，Channel where the soul in and out of the soul after the death of the tomb。There are similar four -grid window patterns and door holes in Chu Tomb。

　Fourth, the door and window structure of the tomb of the Warring States Chu.After the middle of the Warring States Period，Painted murals、The number of Chu tombs in the structure of solid wood door and window structure increases，Its form is divided into two categories: window structure and door structure，Mainly there are Hubei Jingzhou Jiangling Yutai Mountain、Nine shops、Tianxing View、Li Jiatai、Xi Eshan、Taihui Guanchu Tomb and other more than 20 seats。In the Warring States Period Fengjun -level Tianxing View M1，Draw 11 four -grid window pattern murals on the barrier partition。The internal partition of the pupa6 of the M16 of Xi Eshan is designed as a composite doors and windows with double doors under the lattice window，It should be a very popular home life building style。Chu Tomb also found a single door and double door of solid wood carving，Rujiangling Lijiatai M4 has a beautiful four -checked beast facial on the first single wooden door。Double doors first appeared in the middle of the Warring States Period，Add door 扉 to a single door structure、Gate Fighting、Doorbushu、column、Details and other details，Later, it became the mainstream in the structure of the doors and windows，Most of the tombs from the late Warring States Period to Qin and Han Divine and window structures are mostly used in this style。Jingzhou Taihui View M50 is rich in details、Double door with a complete structure，Can be opened and closer normally，It is a detailed observation and deliberate imitation of the door structure in real life。Hunan Changsha Chu Tomb also found a double door structure，Such as Maotingzi M1、Lotus Pond M1, etc.。The double door style of Changsha is consistent with the height of Jiangling，It should be an official who delegated from Chu Yudu to Changsha，imitation of the root burial customs。Maker also made a careful arrangement of the door。Dr. Chu Tomb Mao Tingzi M1 in the middle of the Warring States Period，The coffin room in the center has the door to the head box、South Box、North Box，The door of the foot box leads to the coffin room，Impressing the dead soul patrol in the coffin room after a week，Can return to the coffin room from the foot box，Like a dynamic activity route of home life。

　Fifth, changes in the structure of the door and window of Qinhan.Door and window structure also appeared in the tomb of the Qin Dynasty in the original Chu Rule of Rural Rule，​​Such as Hubei Yunmeng Sleeping Tiger Di Qin Tomb, etc.。The area of ​​wooden tombs with doors and windows structures in the Western Han Dynasty expands，Number increase、Diverse forms、Complex structure，In Hubei、Hunan、Henan、Beijing、Jiangsu、Shandong、Anhui、Shaanxi、Guangdong、Guangxi and other places all discovered。These wooden tombs are still using the vertical pits and divisions of Chu's tomb、layered structure，Part of the yellow intestine question of the high -level nobles，The shape of its door structure has a clear relationship with the tomb。Some Han tombs also found complex two -story pavilions、Building elements on the stairs up and down，Such as Henan Guanghua Five Tomb Han Tomb M3，The tendency to imitate the real room is more obvious。The door structure has a single door、Double door、Four doors (two pairs of double doors)、Set iron shop head, etc.; The window structure has diamond -shaped windows、straight windows, etc. (windows are not as popular as door structures); space structures have upper and lower doors、Go up and down the stairs, set the door, etc.。Most of these solid wooden doors can open and close inside and outside，There are also wooden doors that can slide left and right。Yellow Intestine Quotes in the Western Han Dynasty began to move the door structure at the entrance of the tomb，And with the change of the material, it becomes a stone tomb door，Become a tomb door later、Mong Road、Corridor、ear chamber、An important part of the Han Dynasty brick room tomb in the structure of the coffin room。This change is adapting to the changing sacrifice space in the tomb and other tombs，More flexible and accessible to create a、Audio -only three -dimensional underground space。The door structure still appears in the then hollow brick tomb、Little Brick Tomb、Cave Tomb、Tomb of Yadong Tomb and other types of tombs，Prove that the development of the tomb funeral system has its inheritance and the context that can be followed。

　Sixth, the use of the door structure of later generations.In the middle and late Western Han Dynasty to Eastern Han，The door of the stone tomb has become a common setting in brick room tombs，and widespread popularity in various places。Imitation of the stone door in the brick room tomb，Door frame、Door lintel、door column、Castle、Threshold, etc.，Due to the larger volume of stone materials，The ideal carrier of becoming a painting lettering，Leave many exquisite portrait stone tombs。There is relief、Painting、Book of text;、Tower -style、Pavilion style; highlight the sacrifice and mourning of the tomb owner。If the Han Tomb of the Han Grave Tomb of the Han Dynasty in the New Village of Anju, Nanyang, Henan, Western Han Dynasty，From two pillars、One bucket beam pillar、Two doors、The left and right two tombs composed of two cushions，Extermination of the noble class high -door large -family double door style。The tomb doors of these imitated real buildings，Become a highlighting identity、Show financial resources、Establish an important medium for family image，It also played a worship of predecessor、The enlightenment of Shang Ru's filial piety。This is increased with the status of tomb festival since the Han Dynasty，On the tomb、Development of etiquette in the tomb，Especially the popular customs of the tomb owner's separate sacrifice are closely related。Hengxue brick room tombs in the north and south dynasties、Sui Tang、Continue to use it during the Song and Yuan Dynasties，until the brick coupon tomb of the Ming and Qing dynasties，Still by the tomb、Gate of the tomb、Mong Road、Cemetery, etc.，The common tomb door is still a double door structure。The door structure of the tomb of the Chu of the Warring States Period，Adapt to the spatial pattern of the tomb，Inheritance for more than 2,000 years。

The door and window structure on the coffin of the Chu Tomb of the Warring States Period，During the evolution of the tomb of the erection of the wooden cricket in the Shang and Zhou dynasties to，It has the meaning of inheritance。Set the funeral customs of doors and windows in Chu Tomb，Inheritance in the tombs of wooden crickets in the early and middle -term of the Qin Dynasty and the Western Han Dynasty，In the yellow intestine question of the two Han Dynasty、Continue development in the tomb of the brick room，The stone tomb door of the imitation wood bet365 Play online games is even more popular，Popularity in the Tomb of Hengxue Brick Rooms in the Wei, Jin, Sui and Tang Dynasties，Living continued until the Ming and Qing Dynasties。This shows the trend of the development of tombs- "Tomb is a real house" funeral concept deeply rooted in people's hearts，The tomb is regarded as the rest space of the soul after death，Make sure that the tomb owner has a comfortable material life like a comfortable enjoyment，and "The Tomb of the Tomb is both beautiful，Ghost and God of Ghost and God "The Type of the spiritual belief，The vision of ghosts entering the ground has continued for more than 2,000 years。

　　(This article is the "Chu -style Tomb Beast Research" of the Hubei Provincial Social Science Foundation (2019163) phased achievement)

(Author Unit: Chu Cultural Research Institute of Hubei Academy of Social Sciences)