Reading experience of Professor Tang Daixing's "Principles of bet365 mobile betting",The following analogy can be made。The Eiffel Tower is the symbol of Paris,Paris is also the center of the world (not in a geographical sense)。However,Real Thoughts on the Center,But it must somehow transcend itself: hiding in the Tower like Maupassant,Become one with it,Take its gaze as gaze,A holistic and historical reconstruction of Paris。Therefore,The removal of the tower symbol in the visual system does not mean the negation of the tower,It thinks about its externalities in the most internal way,In order to be able to observe the form and meaning that were originally bullied by the tower symbol in a coherent and integrated manner。This is a proactive affirmation and intervention,This is also the perspective and attitude adopted by Professor Tang Daixing when constructing the entire "habitat bet365 mobile betting" system。That is, taking human beings’ worldly existence as the starting point for cognition,Taking ecological semantic field as the cornerstone of ontology,With an interdisciplinary integration approach,Exploring Humanity、Society、The problem of natural symbiosis。Using this positioning to examine the book "Principles of bet365 mobile betting" which is both an introduction to the eight-volume "Biological bet365 mobile betting" and a deepening of Professor Tang Daixing's thoughts,You can find its innovation in theoretical posture。
First,On the basis of re-examining fundamental issues in bet365 mobile betting,Panoramic reconstruction of the human ethical theoretical system。Different from the previous widely used ethical principles tutorials in China which mainly focused on moral phenomena,Professor Tang Daixing's "Principles of Ethics" addresses general issues in habitat ethics knowledge。First,Examining contemporary conditions of ethics and life,Objective review of the essential relationship between life and ethics,Revealing the ontological framework of ethical generation and the value reference of ethical existence;Secondly,use this as the coordinate,Examined the boundary between ethics and science,The fundamental reason and ultimate basis to clarify why ethics is not a science in the sense of natural science but a science of recreating human nature;Finally,Discussed the relationship between ethics and philosophy,Revealing how bet365 mobile betting possible for ethics to serve as "the universal practice method of human philosophy" and for ethics to become "the inspiring force for the development of philosophy in the human era"。This kind of philosophical basis、Theoretical advancement based on three aspects: cognitive perspective and macro approach,Effectively overcome two tendencies that were easily seen in past ethics discussions。The first is to narrow ethics to the theory of value;The second is artificially changing norms and wishes、Self-benefit and altruism、Motive and purpose、Creating a binary opposition between must and should,While ignoring the complexity and diversity of intersubjectivity in social reality。
This integrated vision separates the ethical system from narrow issues of moral philosophy and value philosophy,Place in a wider opening and closing。In this picture,People are not only ethical subjects,bet365 mobile betting a subject that is generated and constructed towards history。"Principles of Ethics" presents readers with more than just abstract moral norms,bet365 mobile betting the internal logic that creates and opens up ethical issues,It thus brings about a new visual field sensitivity。In the past,Ethics and Morality、The interaction between ethics and moral philosophy makes ethics narrowed,Even lost its philosophical foundation and rational observation。The reconstruction path of habitat ethics returns to the rational interpretation and overall questioning of the way people live in society,It attempts to form a panoramic view from the tower。Such a picture allows us to see beyond the senses and into the structure of things。So the sensitivity of this vision does not come from God’s perspective,bet365 mobile betting a return to a rationalist approach。The panoramic view is not omniscient,But enter into the composition of the habitat with rational gaze and thinking。Human ethical issues become understandable under this condition,But at the same time it does not lose any of its transcendence。
What is even more rare about this book is,Under the premise of re-clarifying traditional ethical issues,Examined bet365 mobile betting and natural science、Political Science、Education、The connection between linguistics and other disciplines。Professor Tang Daixing revealed the comprehensive characteristics and boundaries of bet365 mobile betting with a cross-border thinking mode,Later, we will return to the traditional concerns about the function of bet365 mobile betting,Discuss its scale function、Under what conditions are the order function and inheritance function possible。
Second,The book "Principles of bet365 mobile betting" has distinctive contemporary characteristics。Habitat is never a static description,It contains the entire history of the interaction between the natural world and human society。Habitat is a progressive concept,bet365 mobile betting always in the past、Surge in present and future。This also determines that the discussion of ethical issues and norms must first face the temporality,That is, its historicity。Roland Barthes when discussing the particularity of sight of the Eiffel Tower,Special emphasis on this point: "Looking at Paris from above,I will definitely think of a kind of history;When you look down from the top of the tower, your mind will imagine the gradual change of the landscape in front of you;It will be immersed in the mystery of time through the magnificent space scene,Can’t help but revel in the clouds and smoke of the past。Result,The duration of time itself becomes panoramic。”To understand ethical relationships and ethical issues,The most important thing is to master the mentality,That is, the psychological structure of people in a specific era and the conditions for its formation。In this sense,"Principles of Ethics" is not simply a flat expansion of a system,It’s more like a observing adventure,A change in the way questions are asked of all objects and the question itself,Especially refers to the historical generation process of the object。The subject itself is objectively constituted by social and historical conditions,There is no transcendental subject that transcends objective reality。The cognition of ethical relationships depends on the mediation of subjective experience,Therefore, the discussion of psychological laws from a sociogenetic perspective can be said to be an important innovation in this book。However,The entry of such a historical method does not lie in searching for the historical roots of phenomena,Opposite,What the author is committed to is precisely to discover the conditions that constitute the ethical subject and social ethical psychology,Thus exploring the possibility space in which ethical norms can play a role。This clearly reflects that the author is influenced by contemporary European philosophy and its methodology。In the French philosophical tradition after the 1960s,Philosophy has long been pulled out of the framework of ontology and traditional epistemology - bet365 mobile betting defined as art related to the conditions of existence。One of the most influential scholars, Deleuze, even advocates,Philosophy is not a simple reasoning or speculation,bet365 mobile betting a creative act,It determines the various elements and conditions for a concept to become a concept,Thus allowing the concept to be formed。And the concept itself,Ontological categories as existence,bet365 mobile betting determined by multiple factors,The creation of concepts is closely related to the conditions that determine existence。This is a "historical work" that shows the chain relationship of ethical issues rather than their causes。
Third, a theoretical innovation method that pays equal attention to bet365 mobile betting and deconstruction.French art critic Gaetan Picant (G.Picon) when discussing the essential characteristics of modern art,Once emphasized: "Before modern art,The work seems to be an expression of past experience...the work tells what was conceived and seen;Even from experience to works,There are only changes in techniques。For modern art,Work is not expression but creation: it makes visible what has never been seen before。”This is because the logical antecedence of the object inherent in the work itself is an artistic experience that is different from the experience of the real world。As a created work,Art itself is mediated。The same is true for theoretical construction,Creativity based on construction reflects the requirement for reconstruction or expansion of possibilities in the process of reflecting on the formation of modern social bet365 mobile betting。
It can be seen from this,Such an effort to construct is undoubtedly also a kind of deconstruction,bet365 mobile betting a change in the theoretical field that shifts away from old ethical issues and ways of thinking。bet365 mobile betting not just a theoretical stance and a difference of the times,bet365 mobile betting a kind of practice-oriented intervention ethics。French philosopher Deleuze calls such a field transformation "deterritorialization",bet365 mobile betting present in all thinking about limitations。This “deterritorialization” is neither something outside of limitations,bet365 mobile betting not a denial of limitations,It haunts existing limitations,At the same time, it makes it appear contradictory。This is also where the new power lies,bet365 mobile betting a source of creativity and diversity,The world of external possibilities beyond the limits of current thinking,Thereby making construction possible。This view of philosophy as constructivist paints a picture of the production of immanence,And constantly stimulate new production and production in new dimensions。Construction is a movement of territorialization,bet365 mobile betting also a deterritorialization movement,Increasing connections enable an ongoing process of deterritorialization。Same,Real thoughts on ethical theories,It must also be achieved through the continuous disenchantment process,These are precisely the aims of the book "Principles of Ethics"。
(Author’s unit: Department of bet365 mobile betting, Nanjing Normal University)
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