Although the stars of Confucian scholars in the early Northern Song Dynasty，But only Fan Zhongyan can be called the pioneer and founder of Song Xue。Mr. Qian Mu said: "Song Xue spirit，Jue has both ends: one is the innovation policy，Two Yinyong Sutra，and the spiritual sent in the academy。"Fan Zhongyan as the pioneer and founder of Song Xue，A close contact with these two。

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We must have an in -depth understanding and objective evaluation of Fan Zhongyan Yixue，It must be included in the context of Easy Evolution from Metaphysics to Science，Follow the important transformation from Jinyi to Songyi。Xuanxian interprets "Zhou Yi" with the way of Lao Zhuang，"Summary of the Book of Siku" said, "，Say old、Zhuang，A change of a change、Chengzi，Start clarify Confucianism "。("Economic Ministry · Yi Class") Fan Zhongyan is the pioneer of Song Xue, who has become "clarifying Confucianism" through "Yi Yi"，This is both reflected in his correction of Wang Yan with Lao Zhuang，It is more reflected in the representative of Song Yi、Cheng Yi's guidance function。

Song Ru emphasized the reconstruction of Confucianism，First want to restore the original spirit of the pre -Qin Confucianism。So，We need to first examine a series of corrections of Fan Zhongyan to Wang Xun with Lao Zhuang.。

One，Return to the Confucian Original Code。Wang Yan was influenced by Lao Zhuang，Therefore, I have made a debut -style understanding of the hexagram of Zhouyi · Heng，When he interpreted Hengzhi's Changdao, he said: "The husband is quiet as the monarch，An Weizhu。Observatory，above;，Kejiu Tao also。Above the hexagram，Dynamic Dynamic，This is constant，No dedication to get it。"(" Zhou Yi Note · Book of Sutra · bet365 best casino games Heng ") Wang Yan about" Staticman，long way to do "ontology interpretation，Obviously it is a Taoist -style metaphysical school。Fan Zhongyan also interprets the meaning of the ontology of Heng Gua，But this constant way is the rule of Heaven and earth。He particularly emphasized，The constant way of "Zhou Yi" is the way of Confucian saints，"‘ the sage has been in his way for a long time，and the world turns into。’Yao Shun is benevolent，Just for life，Knowing that it is often! "(" Yi Yi · Heng ") Fan Zhongyan expressed the problem of Song Xuelitu to solve moral school with Confucian Tiandao。He wrote some Fu Li，Special appreciation of the rigidity of Confucian saints、Democracy characteristics，and upgrade it to a cosmic spirit。Fan Zhongyan wrote in the "Poor God's Increase": "But God also feels and then Tongtong，Weihua also changed to it。Investigating the God of God and not ambiguous，Knowledge to be infinite and infinite。Tongyoudong micro，The changes in the prosperity of everything; the hook is far away，Ming Eryi fertility。"(" Fan Wenzheng Gong ", Volume 2)、Social life is regarded as a process of continuous movement，The way of saints is actually a "poor god" and can participate in the divine process of the universe。He admires this kind of health、The way of the world of deity and pioneering spirit，and connect it with the metaphysics of governing the country。He said in the "Governor's Division": "But the saint set the hexagram phenomenon，‘Poor changes，Change to pass，Pass for a long time。'Non -knowing changes，It can last long! This saint is easy to make easy，To be granted in the world。"" ("Fan Wen's official document collection" Volume 9) This kind of reasonable body and use、Internal sanctuary combined with the outer king，Created the spirit of the Song Xue spirit。

Its two，In terms of social and political concepts。Wang Xun's social and Bet365 app download political concept of eloquent reasoning is often Confucian、Tao Miscellaneous，If Wang Yan interprets the "Damage" hexagram has the so -called "damage as the way，Lower gains，Damage to Gang Yirou，In response to it, "。("Zhou Yi Note · Next Classics · Damage") He also uses "Guirou" to the way of profit or loss: "，for damage，Rivers River House，Baigu Guizhi。Zun Zun to lose，then or Yizhi。"(" Zhou Yi Note · Next Scripture · Damage ") and Fan Zhongyan was explained when explaining the" Damage "hexagram，It is entirely based on "the people are the states，The Confucian people's original value concept of the Confucian people in Ben Gubunning is explained。When he interprets the hexagram of "Yi"，Tattoo proposed the political values ​​of "damage to the bottom": "Fu Yi Shang is damaged，Broken under the damage, it hurts its basics，It is the so -called loss。Benefits the damage，Yi Xia will solidify its own book，It is the so -called benefit。Bensu。"(" Yi Yi · Yi ") He insisted on interpreting loss with the idea of ​​Confucianism、Dialectical conversion relationship between Yi。

Three，Examine from the philosophy of life，Wang Yan explained that "Zhen" hexagram particularly emphasized the attitude towards life of "timely changes"，In addition, he explained that "Sleeping" hexagram is also a Taoist style，The philosophy of life with a distinct "weakness and strong" Taoist life。Fan Zhongyan explained the hexagram of "Zhen": "All in the inside and outside，When the gentleman's heart and body are afraid, it also。"" ("Yi Yi · Zhen") The physical and mental cultivation of the "mind and body" and "thought must be cautious" he advocated，It reflects the moral mobility of Confucian scholars。Fan Zhongyan still interprets the way of trapped trapped as a positive attitude towards life，He emphasizes that gentlemen should "be trapped in the poor but happy!"，Fan Zhongyan bet365 Play online games is working hard to publicize the Song Xue spirit of "Kong Yanle"。

　　clarify Confucianism

Fan Zhongyan had a high academic status in the early Song Dynasty，Especially his "Longer than" Yi "，Scholars are mostly questioned "(" Song History · Fan Zhongyan Biography ")。In the history of Song Xue，Lecture and Yi Yixue began to talk about Hu Yan and Cheng Yi。Fan Zhongyan's pioneering in the history of Song Xue、The foundation of the foundation，It is also reflected in Hu Yan、The influence of Cheng Yi。

One，Fan Zhongyan established the ideological tradition of "clarifying Confucianism" in the Song Dynasty，Further combine the principle of Confucianism with the principle of heaven and earth。Song Ru's interpretation of "clarifying Confucianism" began in Fan Zhongyan，Achievement Hu Yan、Cheng Yi。For example，Fan Zhongyan's "Yi Yi" interprets the hexagrams of "Heng": "Heavenly and Earth，Dao's often;，It is often the same; men are outside women，Nostalgia。Heaven and Earth、Junchen、Men and women have their own positive，Chang Mo Daji。"(" Yi Yi · Heng ") The social lunar of the monarch and his wife and his wife is unified with the natural universe of heaven and earth，​​It is the cultural mission that Song Xue will complete。and Hu Yan、Cheng Yi continues to demonstrate through Yili to demonstrate this society or the natural unity of the universe，and make more philosophical constructs。Hu Yan also said when he interpreted the hexagram of "Heng": "、Guiyou、Internal and external、Up and down，Not losing its duty，It can be a long -term way。"The humanistic way of humanities and the way of heaven and earth are eternal，That is "the way of heaven and earth，Permanent and endless "(" Zhou Yikou Yi "Volume 6，"Heng") This kind of concept of rationality is inherited with Fan Zhongyan。When Cheng Yi noted "Heng"，Still along this reason，He said, "The saint is a long -term way，It is often，and the bet365 Play online games world becomes into a beauty and customs。Look at its constant，Observation of the sun and the moon's long photos、Four o'clock for a long time、The way of the sage can last long。"(" Zhou Yicheng Biography "Volume 3，"Heng")

Its two，Fan Zhongyan Yixue in terms of "clarifying Confucianism"，Further strengthen the close combination of Confucian political ethics and easy reason。Fan Zhongyan's righteousness and easy learning，In Junde、On the question of the throne，Not only emphasizing Junde's decision to decide Jun position，More importantly, this Junde uses benevolence、Cheng sincere Confucian ethics is unified with the Confucian saints of Yao Shunyu。Fan Zhongyan said: "Chengde is within it，Located outside。The virtue of the sage，Residents and not moved。"(" Yi Yi · Qian ") He further explained the virtue represented by" Gan "in" Four Virtues ":"，The His Saints，Yi Xianke prepared。Yao Shun leads the world with benevolence，Qianyuan Jun also。Tang Wu Yingtian Shunren，Faculty removal，Performing Qi Heng and explaining its benefits also。"" ("Fan Wen's official document collection" Volume 8，"Four Mo said") He uses the sincerity of the Holy King、Ren Daolai interprets the morality of "dry"。Following Fan Zhongyan，Hu Yan further elaborates this Junde with the Confucian value system，He particularly criticized "Later generations are mostly virtue of submissions" ("Zhou Yikou Yi" Volume 1).，and completely use the ethics of Confucianism、The Word of the Sacred Man is to solve the monarch，"In the same person，It is the moral of the gentleman with the golden mean，Send it to the time of the world "。"The sage accumulates the virtue of Cheng Chengcheng，Dermid Broadcast，Industry is to become，The position of the monarch。"Cheng Yi solved the hexagram" Nine 2 ", and he also solved the Junde:" Those who are in the middle of the dragon morality。bet365 Play online games In the middle of the hexagram，The meaning of the middle of the middle。Yong Xinyong Jin，Create the number of times。There is no place where there is no place，is only idle。Evil idle，。"(" Zhou Yicheng Biography "Volume 1，"Jing Shang · Qian")

Three，In terms of life values，Fan Zhongyan further strengthens the fundamental problem of setting up life in the famous religion。"Sleeping" hexagram is the image of "Zewa Water"，How the gentleman is sleepy involves the ultimate care problem of establishing life。Fan Zhongyan's "Lu Qian" attitude against the metaphysical Taoist style，and advocate "trapped in danger without changing it，It is only gentleman，can be happy because of poor! "(" Yi Yi · Sleeping ") Fan Zhongyan's way of settlement affects Hu Yan、Cheng Yi，Hu Hu、Cheng Yi's trapped way is completely consistent with Fan Zhongyan。Hu Yan said: "But the gentleman is in poor，It can take the joy of the sages，Can take the rule of people who are in virtue，All the way to do it，So you get auspicious and have no blame。"" Volume 8，"Sleeping") The way of Cheng Yi's trapped is the same，"Adults are sleepy，Not only the way of the way，Le Tianan Life，Non -lost it。"(" Scripture · Sleeping ")" When a gentleman is sleepy ... of course, it is also，If the disaster is poor, it will not move with the heart，I only do it "。("Scripture · Sleeping") can be seen，Fan Zhongyan and Hu Yan、Cheng Yi is interpreting the hexagram of the hexagram of "Sleeping"，Both emphasize two points: one，Any dilemma that is poor and disaster must not shake the determination of the gentleman to adhere to morality; the second，It must be used in the predicament of the "gentleman's poor".。These two points reflect a kind of ideal personality and life realm pursued by the scholars in the Song Dynasty，This is different from the Taoist Taoist Difficulty of Daojin -style in the Wei and Jin dynasties，It is also different from bet365 best casino games the celebrities of the Eastern Han Dynasty.，Subject to Subjects "。Visible，Fan Zhongyan's interpretation of the hexagrams of "Sleeping"，Already penetrated into a core problem of Song Xue，Fan Zhongyan's interpretation of the hexagrams of "Sleeping"，and "Famous Education Coca -Cola" is exactly the beginning of Song Xue's thoughts。

From the above, it can be seen，Fan Zhongyan's academic thought on Yi Yi，profoundly influenced a few people who learned the Yisat in the Song Dynasty，Reflect that Fan Zhongyan's founding and foundation in Song Xueyi。

　(The author is the chief expert of the National Social Science Fund's major project "Song Xueyuan Stream"、Professor of Yuelu Academy at Hunan University)