Through the contention of hundreds of schools of thought、Difficult to absorb、Collection bet365 bonus code louisiana remains of three generations and the wisdom bet365 bonus code louisiana "Axial Age" that were spread to the Qin and Han Dynasties due to the disaster of Qin Huo、Selection and inheritance，The Han Dynasty finally established a cultural value system suitable for a unified situation。In this critical period of cultural reconstruction and transformation，Confucianism "deposes hundreds of schools of thought，The form of "commending the Six Classics" stands out，Became the mainstream academic thought in the Han Dynasty；The "ideas that dominate the Chinese mind and the social and political elements bet365 bonus code louisiana Zhou Dynasty" ("The Origin of Chinese Thought") contained in it have also become an important source for the construction of a unified imperial cultural system and the spiritual world of scholars，And the location bet365 bonus code louisiana outstanding “cultural genes” that have lasted for thousands of years。And in this process，Mencius is another "sage who continues the journey"，The key figure of "Kailaixue": If Confucius is the "midpoint of Chinese culture" for five thousand years ("Chinese Cultural History")，Then Mencius becomes the link between the wisdom bet365 bonus code louisiana three generations、An important part of academic culture under the requirements bet365 bonus code louisiana axis civilization and unification。

　　The edicts bet365 bonus code louisiana Han Dynasty drew on Mencius’ thoughts on benevolent government

Lessons learned from the shortcomings bet365 bonus code louisiana Qin Dynasty，The Zhou Dynasty, which lasted for nearly 800 years, and the "Zhou Dao" (the political and cultural form bet365 bonus code louisiana Western Zhou Dynasty - author's note), which has existed for nearly eight hundred years, have become the main objects of recognition and imitation bet365 bonus code louisiana Han Empire, which is eager to establish a long-lasting peace and stability: The concept of "Han Family Fa Zhou" ("Historical Records") was generally accepted by Western Han Dynasty society，The saying that the Han Dynasty "conquered the Qin Dynasty and succeeded the Zhou Dynasty" ("Han Shu") is also popular in the world。Corresponding to it，Mencius, who highly respects and frequently records the "Government of King Wen of Zhou" and other methods of "ruling the world"，It has also become one bet365 bonus code louisiana important literature sources and theoretical basis for the ruling class to imitate "Zhou Dao"。

The edicts bet365 bonus code louisiana Han Dynasty are the truest manifestation bet365 bonus code louisiana emperor’s intentions，It is also the first scene bet365 bonus code louisiana game of cultural thought and political power。Systematic combing of Emperor Hanwen’s edicts and related posthumous edicts can reveal: 1，The records of benevolent government in "Mencius" account for a large proportion in Emperor Wen's edicts。Among the 43 edicts of Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty that are currently available，21 articles related to "Mencius"，Especially when it comes to protecting the people、Fugu、Elderly Care、Zhendai、Province sentence、Thin tax、Chongxian and other aspects are particularly outstanding。In the first year of Emperor Wen’s reign, the “Edict to Promote Loan”, “Edict to Dispose of Lian Si” and “Edict to Provide Care for the Elderly” were issued one after another，Involving pensions for widowers and lonely people、Sinners never die、Three aspects bet365 bonus code louisiana old man wearing clothes, silk and eating meat，Both the topic and the specific terms，It is consistent with the record of "King Wen's Government" in "Mencius"。Visible，When Emperor Wen bet365 bonus code louisiana Han Dynasty came to the throne, he treated the "Government of King Wen" recorded in "Mencius" as a blueprint for governance。More importantly，This characteristic is not only evident in the edicts of Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty in the early years of his reign，Also throughout the entire reign of Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty；Not only involves raising orphans and elderly people、Reduced penalty、Thin tax collection、Seeking talents and other content closely related to benevolent governance，Even dealing with relations with neighboring countries，As well as dealing with the rebellion bet365 bonus code louisiana King of Huainan and other incidents，Also draws lessons from Mencius’ thoughts such as “taking big things as small things” and “Shun ennobles his younger brother Xiang”。Part 2，Corresponding to it，October bet365 bonus code louisiana first year of Emperor Jing bet365 bonus code louisiana Han Dynasty，The Han Dynasty officials also used the "King Dao Ke De Wen Yu" chapter that reflected Mencius's benevolent governance thoughts in the "Ding Xiaowen Emperor Temple Le Zhao"，This edict is the final conclusion of Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty’s life achievements，The content is highly similar to "Mencius"，To help us understand the connection between Emperor Hanwen’s governance philosophy and Mencius’ thoughts on benevolent government，Provides strong evidence again。The imperial edict intentionally contrasts "Emperor Xiaowen's presence in the world" with "Emperor Wen's rule of Qi"，To highlight Emperor Wen of Han’s virtuous policies and his status and influence comparable to that of King Wen of Zhou；The Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty who passed the Liang Pass was praised in this edict、Sinners never die、Pity for widowers and loneliness、Respecting elders and other benevolent policies，No matter the ideological tendency、The sequence and specific wording are also highly similar to "Mencius"。The above examples all remind us，文、Emperor Jing's high recognition bet365 bonus code louisiana records of benevolent government in "Mencius"。

　　bet365 bonus code louisiana’ scholarly spirit is highly recognized

　　Qian Mu pointed out when evaluating Mencius’ status in the studies of Han and Song dynasties: “Aspire to govern well，The Duke of Zhou must be traced back to Confucius；For True Confucianism，Studying Meng Ke from Confucius。”The so-called “being a true Confucian”，It’s about the construction bet365 bonus code louisiana scholar’s ​​personality。This statement，Represents the world’s general recognition of Mencius on the spiritual construction of scholars。

The Han Dynasty was a transitional period for the reconstruction of scholars’ values，Whether it is a scholar、A scholar is still an emperor，Everyone pays great attention to and recognizes the spirit of Mencius as a scholar。For example，Sima Qian was the first to rank Mencius and Confucius，To commend the two for their righteous spirit of not “looking in vain”；Liu Xiang praised Mencius as a "great Confucian" and a "famous Confucian"，"To be the world champion"；Ban Gu also referred to Confucius and Mencius many times，Emphasis on the consistency between the two on the issue of "a scholar's ambition to follow the Tao": "Zhongni's ambition to fight against floating clouds，Meng Ke nourishes the spirit of awe-inspiring people" ("Answering the Guest")，“Sacrificing life for friendship (righteousness)，It's also a way to use it" ("Youtong Fu")。In addition，The Han Dynasty’s respect for Mencius’ scholarly spirit was not limited to the scholar class，The edict given by Emperor Ling bet365 bonus code louisiana Han Dynasty to Jiang Gong is a concentrated representation of Mencius’s personality and spirit in the Han Dynasty: “(Jiang) Gong’s ambition to resist Ling Yun，Nurture awe-inspiring energy，Because of my poor virtue，Unwilling to surrender。Xi Xuyou was unyielding，The king’s way is transformed，yi、Qi Bu Nao，Zhou De is not a loss。Prefectures and counties obey with courtesy，Don’t lose sight of it。" ("Book bet365 bonus code louisiana Later Han Dynasty") This edict skillfully used and highly summarized Mencius's "Shang Zhi", "Awe-inspiring Qi" and the spirit of a man，And it aptly summarizes the origin of Jiang Gong’s fame。According to "Book bet365 bonus code louisiana Later Han Dynasty"，Jiang Gongbotong's "Five Classics"，Prestigious，When faced with a life or death decision, he does not hesitate to sacrifice his life for justice，Not moved by the praise of Emperor Huan bet365 bonus code louisiana Han Dynasty，Don’t be succumbed to Cao Jie’s power。Afterwards，Emperor Han Ling recruited Xuan Qi，Rejected by Jiang Gong again。Emperor Han Ling was impressed by Jiang Gong’s personality，Thereby issuing an order to the local government，Require respect for Jiang Gong’s wishes，No more forced recruitment。Looking at Jiang Gong’s life，It is precisely the practical implementation of Mencius’ scholarly personality；And the few words of Han Ling Emperor，They all come from the easy and perfect use of Mencius’ sentences related to the scholar’s ​​spirit，This is enough to show the familiarity and recognition of Mencius’ scholarly spirit。

　　The role of Mencius’ theory in constructing the culture of bet365 bonus code louisiana

　　Zhao Qi, a scholar bet365 bonus code louisiana Eastern Han Dynasty, once evaluated Mencius’ academic value and said: “Emperors, princes and princes followed it，It can lead to Longping，Songqing Temple；The official and the official dance，You can respect your father，Li Zhongxin；The etiquette of those who keep their will and exercise their will，You can sublime festival，Anti-floating clouds。” (“Mencius’ Inscription”) Zhao Qi’s evaluation precisely summarizes the two major functions of Mencius’ theory in the cultural construction bet365 bonus code louisiana Han Dynasty: providing records of royal affairs for the ruling class；Provide the spiritual basis of scholar-officials for the scholar-bureaucrat class。

Existing as an individual，Scholars of Han Dynasty、The attention of scholars and emperors to Mencius may be accidental；However, as a spokesperson for the trend bet365 bonus code louisiana times，The occurrence bet365 bonus code louisiana above examples is inevitable。The beginning of unification、Han Dynasty society after Qin Huo，There is an urgent need to find experience and basis for long-term peace and stability from the surviving cultures of three generations and the wisdom of hundreds of schools of thought，What Mencius provided，It is precisely the method of "liberating the people" and "ruling the world peacefully" ("Mencius")；More important，Whether it involves "the perfect way" or "being a true Confucian"，Mencius’ primary identity in the cultural reconstruction process bet365 bonus code louisiana Han Dynasty，They are all inheritors and recorders bet365 bonus code louisiana culture bet365 bonus code louisiana three generations and the wisdom bet365 bonus code louisiana Axial Age。That’s why，After Qin Huo、When the classics are not collected，Relatively complete preservation，Geography、Mencius, whose teacher-instructor relationship is relatively clear, was quickly accepted by society；The social ideals of three generations and the spirit of scholars since the Spring and Autumn Period，It is also able to take root in the new cultural environment because of its inheritance and transformation、Rejuvenated，It has been passed down for thousands of years、Zeji Baishi。This is a microcosm bet365 bonus code louisiana Chinese culture that has been passed down for thousands of years，This is also the reason why Chinese culture has always maintained its vitality。

　　(The author is the person in charge bet365 bonus code louisiana National Social Science Fund Youth Project "Cultural Choice and Value Reconstruction in Early China"、Associate professor of Shandong Normal University)