Efficient and safe information channels are important factors affecting government decisions and local control。In order to better control the Northeast border area，The Qing government adopted a series of measures to build information channels in Heilongjiang area。This process can be divided into two periods: the early Qing Dynasty to the end of the 19th century，The Qing government is based on the Ming System，According to the needs of regime development, the central information transmission institution and local post pass system are continuously improved;，Advanced transportation and communication methods in the West entered China，Remove the modernization of information channels in Heilongjiang area。

The information channels in Heilongjiang area of ​​the Qing Dynasty basically formed after the war of Jacques，Drive by the Ministry of Mars of the Ministry of the Central Council、Playing Office、Jiebao and Heilongjiang area post system composition。Car Driving Qing Official Division is responsible for "Fanmixi said post、Site、Yue Tang、Yue Tai、Said、Paper，Chi Ziqi postal symbol，Removers of the Remove "。Specifically，The functions of the car driving the official department are to send and receive fire cards and Kanyi，Develop the rules of post -station management and transmission Bet365 lotto review documents。There are internal and external divisions of the work office，Foreign Destination Office takes it at the gate of the palace，Give it to the inner office，Then it is delivered to the emperor from the inner office。Except for the memorials transmitted by the local officials and local officials，There is also a Jiebao Department，"The palm of the hand is folded and handed in the palace door，Sending letters at all military planes、Batch is sealed and handed over "。Local officials transmitted by the post roads，Investigation and passing at the Jiebao (such as whether to bypass the post)，Then transfer to the work office。Emperor's approval or central decision，Posted by the Military Aircraft Office to Jiebao，Seal from the Jiebao and send it to the station，Pass to local officials。

The earliest post road in Heilongjiang area was built in Jin Dynasty，According to the record of "Golden History · Taizong Benji"，The first year of the day of the day of the day of the first month of the month，From Beijing Division to Nanjing，Putting in the post every fifty miles。The first two post roads built in Heilongjiang area in the Qing Dynasty were in the Shunzhi period，Take Ninggu Tower as the northern end，to Parls Guan and Jilin Ula。22 years of Kangxi (1683)，In order to resist Tsarist Russia's invasion of the Northeast，The Qing government set up Heilongjiang General，Set the station，Zendai Station Ding，"From Heilongjiang (City) to Wulai Shiyi，Fifty people in the post Bet365 lotto review husband，Encounter alert，Mongolian Malaysia，Ordinary things，Follow Shiyi to walk "。Kangxi twenty -four years，The Qing government decided to set up from Jilin to Maoxing，Jing Bukui、Melgen，The post road with the end point，There are nineteen stations in the meantime。Yongzheng period，The Qing government has built Melgen to Yaksa Post Road、Solun Village to Laocheng Post Road、Bu Kui to Hulunbuir Post Road、Ulannor to Hulan Post Road, etc.，and in Heilongjiang City、Add border defense Caren near Bukui City。These measures except for strengthening the frontier defense，It also enhanced the connection between General Heilongjiang and the deputy capital of the subordinates。In order to strengthen the contact with Shengjing and Jingshi，The Qing government also built five post roads connecting Beijing Master in the Heilongjiang area.、Bu Kui to Jingshi Post Road、Zhukiti to Jingshi Post Road、Grass to Jingshi Auxiliary Post Road and Maoxing to Fakumen Post Road。These post roads constitute the information transmission network of Heilongjiang area in the Qing Dynasty，This network is connected to Jilin City and Shengjing，Guaranteed the Qing government's government order to reach。

Information exchanges in Heilongjiang area in the late Qing Dynasty with machine prints、Technical means such as modern communication and transportation are medium。After the Battle of Jacques，Society in Heilongjiang is relatively stable，Post station management bet365 best casino games relax。and the end of the Qing Dynasty，The population of population surge in Heilongjiang area、Frequent warfare，The problem of the station is prominent，If the officers and soldiers harass the station、State officials corruption、Passing the newspaper is often demolished、Information transmission means backward, etc.。These have led to a decrease in the efficiency of the post -biography system in Heilongjiang area，Not conducive to maintaining frontier security。After the Japanese and Russian War，Qiqihar set up the first Cultural News Bureau in Heilongjiang area，The station starts to abolish in stages，Modern postal industry in Heilongjiang area appears。

New transportation methods and new information transmission methods push the post transfer system to the end。Compared with the post -pass system，Railway occupies an absolute advantage in personnel transportation。Construction of the Middle East Railway in the 24th year of Guangxu (1898)，official opening operation in July 29th in Guangxu。After the Middle East Railway is completed，A large amount of capital injection，Fast development of business and trade，More than 30 countries set up consulates and banks in Heilongjiang area。The development of the Heilongjiang area is based on the railway，With business as an intermediary port，Modern Telegraph Career follows the rise。Guangxu eleven years，The telegram of Fengtian to Xunchun is laid in the Heilongjiang area; thirteen Bet365 app download years of Guangxu，Laying the telegraph line from Jilin to Daheihe Tun; 32 years of Guangxu，Large -scale paving telegraph network，Harbin、Qiqihar、Hulan、Suihua、Bayan、瑷珲、Hailan Bubble、Keshan and other places。，In Heilongjiang area，The telegram begins to gradually replace the post -transmission system into the transmission method of emergency military affairs and priority。After the Japanese and Russian War，Japan has obtained the Dongqing Railway Kuanchengzi to Lushun section，Build it into the South Man Railway，Controlled all telegraph lines in the Nanman Railway industry。Information channels in the Northeast are no longer completely in the hands of the Qing government。

As Deng Xiaonan pointed out，The processing of information flow and key node information in the information channel reflects the political order and power pattern。In the late Qing Dynasty, the information channels in Heilongjiang area show the following features。First，New and old methods coexist，The trend of modernization is significant。Before the Sino -Japanese War，Heilongjiang area has begun to lay a telegram line。32 years of Guangxu，Heilongjiang area began to set up a Cultural News Agency，Gradually transition to the modern postal system。At the same time，The old post system allows it to be located on the railway、Highway and other modern transportation methods。New and old replacement is not completed in one day，The old post system bet365 best casino games and the new communication network are more related to each other in the late Qing Dynasty。Second，Flexible change，Information transmission efficiency has increased significantly。About information transfer time limit，In the sixteenth year of Qianlong (1751), the Qing government stipulated，Heilongjiang region's official documents must not be less than three stops，General Heilongjiang submits the date from the question book to the Beijing Division.。After the establishment of the Prime Minister，"Ding Dai Qing Code" stipulates the rules of document transmission，"When the electricity is played，The translation is translated with a marine aircraft，Enter the Royal Lan ...，Quay of the wire diameter of the wire "。In the Sino -Japanese Sino -Japanese War，General Yickeng Tang Ah August 23rd, August 23rd. The Japanese soldiers entered the Yalu River，August 24th, the Prime Minister is ordered，Destiny to gather forces。Complete important military information round -trip in two days，This is the traditional post -pass system that cannot be achieved。third，Some information channel management and control rights are captured by the powers。Although the Cultural News Bureau and the Post Bureau are in charge of the local government of Heilongjiang，But Russia's control of the Middle East railway and the control of the South Manchurian Railway area after the Japanese Russia War，Learning the information channels in Heilongjiang area in the late Qing Dynasty were controlled by the bet365 best casino games powers to a certain extent。

(Author Unit: School of History and Culture Tourism, Heilongjiang University)