Heilongjiang area is a place in which the country is in safety，The ruler of the ancient Chinese dynasty has always attached importance to its operation and governance。In the Qing Dynasty，The central government has adopted a series of measures to manage the population move and move out of the region，Established the Governance System of the Qing Dynasty in Heilongjiang。So，Research on the establishment of immigration policies and governance agencies in the Heilongjiang area of ​​the Qing Dynasty helps us to understand the political wisdom and experience lessons of the Qing Dynasty's frontier governance。

In the first year of Shunzhi (1644)，Millions of military and civilians "Enter the Dragons from the Dragon"，Northeast Frontier is full of war，"Wo Ye Qianli，No one with soil "，Urgent labor。To restore the land of Longxing，The rulers of the Qing Dynasty released the "Liaodong Recruitment Regulations"，Encourage the people in the Guan in the East of Liaoning，But the order will be abolished soon。Starting from the middle and late stages of Shunzhi，To fulfill the fundamental place，Heilongjiang area has gradually become the place where the people are flowing people，Its destination includes Ninggu Tower、Qiqihar、瑷珲 瑷珲。Except for a few lucky people，bet365 live casino games Most of the flowers stay between the Bai Mountain and Black Water in the Heilongjiang area。To prevent the Han from entering，The fundamental place to protect Manchuria and exclusive ginseng、Dongzhu and other specialties，From the seventh year of Kangxi (1668)，The Qing government has implemented a two -hundred -year ban policy in the Northeast region including Heilongjiang，Stop the footsteps from the Han people to enter the Heilongjiang area。other，The Qing government has set up Shengjing、Jilin、Heilongjiang three generals，and move the Eight Banners and soldiers from various places。When there is war in the customs or other regions，These officers and soldiers are transferred to the expedition，Become one of the strongest combat effectiveness in the Qing Dynasty。Also for the need to station，The Qing government will bring Korgizi again、Xibo、Daur、Ewenk and other ethnic groups may move in or move out of Heilongjiang area。Another，To solve the problem of livelihood in Beijing's eight flags，Qianlong Ninth Year (1744) to During the Guangxu period，The Qing government once moved a large number of eight flags in Beijing to return to the Heilongjiang area for Tuantian planting。Late Qing Dynasty，The border crisis in Heilongjiang area is becoming more serious，The Qing government is forced by pressure，Ten years in Xianfeng (1860) implemented a ban on reclamation in Heilongjiang Basin、Immigration Real Border Policy，As a result, the people in the Han bet365 best casino games Dynasty poured in a lot。The construction of the Middle East Railway in the late Qing Dynasty made Russia、Japan、North Korea and other countries enter the Heilongjiang area。To sum up，Heilongjiang immigrants in the Qing Dynasty were greatly affected by government policies，Such as the outflow of the early Qing Dynasty、banned、Eight Banners move to Hejingqi Huitun Policy，Opening in the late Qing Dynasty for reclamation、Immigration Real Border and Soldiers' Drawing Policy, etc., all affect the immigration process in Heilongjiang area to varying degrees。

Different types of immigrants in different periods directly affect the formation of the border governance system in Heilongjiang area。Early Year of the Qing Dynasty，The Qing army entered a large number，Only a small part of the eight flag officers and soldiers stayed with the capital Shengjing，Management includes the entire Northeast Border Affairs, including Heilongjiang。Heilongjiang area was included in the eight flag political structure under the jurisdiction of General Shengjing，Implement a uniform general management system，A small number of Han people who moved in were under the management of the Banner Department。Tongshengjing、General Jilin General Comparison，General Heilongjiang's jurisdiction is late to immigrants，Long time to implement the eight -flag station stationing system。This system matches the policies of the Qing Dynasty ban，The longer the time for banning the ban、The Bet365 app download stricter，The functions of the Banner Department are fully played。The Qing government also incorporated many ethnic minorities in Heilongjiang into the Eight Banners Organization，Formed "New Manchuria"，Manage the Banner through the Eight Banners Organization。Eight Banner System，Everyone is all soldiers。This not only strengthens the border force of Heilongjiang，It has also enhanced the centripetal force of these ethnic minorities to the Qing Dynasty。Xianfeng End of the Year，Immigration in the Qing Dynasty government immigrants、Encouragement of the Policies of Has Revenue，The number of people moved into the Heilongjiang area is increasing。This not only changed the desolate appearance of the scarce traces of the past in Heilongjiang，At the same time, it also changed the governance method of this area，It is imperative to establish the people's office to manage the people。In fact，With the influx of immigrants，The original flag department management agency can no longer undertake the task of social management independently。House of Heilongjiang area is generally set up、Hall、State、County，and finally replaced the management system based on the eight flags。The changes in the governance system of Heilongjiang area in the Qing Dynasty are mainly manifested in the national political background，According to the land development and population increase in different periods，The transition of the administrative management system of the bet365 Play online games military system is the management system of the people of the state and county，Finally formed a direct provincial management system。

All kinds of immigration policies implemented in Heilongjiang area in the Qing Dynasty all affected its frontier strategic security to varying degrees。Jacques moved to the strategic layout of the Eight Banner "Yonglong Heilongjiang" after the war，Basically formed the Heilongjiang as the cutting -edge，Jilin、The strategic defense system rely on Shengjing。But，Insufficient combat effectiveness of the eight flags of Guannen，Once there is a war that happens in the Guan and other regions，Heilongjiang Eight Banners will be ordered to move out。This makes the air defense of Heilongjiang area in the late Qing Dynasty，Give Russia、Japan with the opportunity。other，The Qing government implemented a ban policy in Heilongjiang area，Adopt heavy south light north within the area、Population Policy of Heavy West Light East。This not only caused the Heilongjiang area to be in a closed and backward state for a long time，More Black Longjiang、The Wusi River Basin has been in an open state for a long time，Ignoring the development and defense of the East to Musch Island。This long -term neglected situation has a serious negative effect on Heilongjiang border defense，Its evil fruit has been shown in the early Qing Dynasty，In the late Qing Dynasty, it was even more exposed。The immigration real -border policy in the late Qing Dynasty made a large number of Han people from Jin bet365 live casino games Lu Yu constantly poured into the Heilongjiang area，so，For local agriculture、Development of Forest and Mineral Resources，The formation of town，The emergence of the traffic network composed of the Railway Railway traffic has a significant impact。

From the perspective of border treatment，The Qing government's immigration policy in Heilongjiang has always been lagging behind。The Qing government first moved the population out of the Heilongjiang area，Once the frontier crisis occurs, the immigration is enriched，Waiting for a little relief，Outside again、Inner relocation population，This immigration policy has a great impact on the frontiers of the border defense in Heilongjiang.。A large movement of the population、Move south in the area、Unewal distribution of the population and restricting the banning policy of the Chinese people's entry，It is an important reason for weak defense in the border defense of the Heilongjiang area of ​​the Qing Dynasty。But from another aspect，The governance of the Heilongjiang frontier in the Qing Dynasty also has its own success，Not only makes the Heilongjiang area a part of the "unified" territory of the Qing Dynasty，and also incorporate various ethnic minorities in Heilongjiang area into the Chinese nation family。

(This article is the research business fee project of the undergraduate research business fees of High School in Heilongjiang Province "Research on Ecological Environmental Change of Immigration bet365 live casino games and Heilongjiang (HDRWYY201904)

(Author Unit: School of History and Culture Tourism, Heilongjiang University)