Sociology research has developed for several centuries of development，Gradually formed a discipline quality of experience analysis and theoretical discussion，Emphasize collecting through various survey methods、Sorting and analyzing information，Summary and enhance the conclusion from it，Answer the research question and theoretical manner。Following the footsteps of chasing experience and theoretical insights，A large number of inspiration and creative research results are constantly emerging，Construction of improving social science related majors、Promote the deepening of social reform and enhance the level of social governance，Has played an important role。But what you need to pay attention to is，During the process of refining the theory through experience data，There are three phenomena that existing risks are questionable。

The first phenomenon can be called "fast use theory"。Its main performance is: lack of sufficient information support，From the limited and shallow phenomenon, it comes to the conclusion of factuality; or without a detailed analysis and deduction process，Only with simple or even imagined logic，rose to the level of creating concept and dialogue theory。This is like a movie，Lack of role behavior and storytelling and promotion，There is no careful application of lens language and details，Just try to make the character image、Grand narrative、Ideological Memorial is impressed by the audience，Although the truth is right，But the effect is undoubtedly empty and pale。

The second phenomenon can be called "pan -use theory"。It is regrettable that it is，Researchers have obtained relatively bet365 best casino games solid、On the basis of research materials full of details and internal differences，No calling or creating a classification system that is sufficient to match the data、series of propositions or theoretical frameworks to explain the facts properly，Instead, apply broad、The theory of universal does not have specific targeted and precise interpretation，Speak for the research process。In this case，The theory that often invited "modernity", "identity identity", and "demand level" will not be wrong.，But in the end, it is the vivid information obtained by the investigation，It seems to be described hard、On the gongbi painting of the beautiful brush，A pot of ink splashed on the grass，All kinds of delicate and delicate are covered。

The third phenomenon is "Mistake theory"。In this case，Researchers often get rid of the existing factual material foundation，The conclusion of the direction of the direction or even the same is different，Then the theory that is not properly linked。For example，The survey data actually clearly shows the interaction and cooperation between subjects，However, in the analysis, the theory of conflict and confrontation was used in the analysis; in the case, I saw the active choice and obedience of the actor in the case，However, in the conclusion, unilateral power and suppression; etc.。Such studies often arrange the ending in advance，Whether you do a survey or not、How about the facts，Always read a verdict that is not appropriate for a certain part of the content and the main content。

The more complicated and hidden the reasons for these three phenomena，The more precise the operation of the risk of avoiding the risk。Among them, the academic skills are carefully practiced by generations of sociologists，We must continue to polish the carving。So，Researchers can inherit and carry Bet365 app download forward academic skills from what aspects can，Then avoid the risk of theory from experience to theoretical?

First，Researchers must maintain objective and open at the value level。Researchers 囿 囿 囿 囿 囿 囿 囿 囿 囿 囿 囿 囿 囿 囿 囿 囿 囿 囿 囿、Moral judgment、inertia thinking、Cultural superiority，Or due to the persistence of a certain theory is too strong and stereotyped，Apply the theoretical model、Research framework or policy discourse，Premature、Excessive、Excessive arbitrary、Too generally pointing to a certain conclusion，instead of looking for the logic of the incident itself，thus affecting the specific process of data analysis。Actually，The initial stage of the formation of social science paradigm，Tengnis pointed out，In order to ensure the objectivity of realization of reality，You must get rid of any value factors and moral feelings in the process of understanding。Max Weber is in the field of facts and values、Strict distinction between facts judgment and value judgment，Proposed "value correlation" refers to the subjective interest before the research work，and the subjective purpose when applying the conclusion after the study is completed; and "value neutrality" refers，With an unjust、Neutral attitude to observe and analyze，Make sure its objectivity and science。From the level of value，The proposition of returning to Tengnice and Weber，"Hanging" comes from the prediction of the researchers' existing knowledge system and information structure，Avoid the intervention of the research process of "foresight", "expert perspective" and "value trial"，Awe of facts、Listen、Open attitude，It is a prerequisite for effectively avoiding the risk of theoretical risk。

Next，Researchers must try their best to extend and expand at the reading bet365 Play online games level。Researchers call a broad but not fit theory or inappropriate theory，Often just because of the lack of inventory in the "Weapon Store"，No more suitable conceptual tools or academic perspectives can be available，I had to fuck a relatively familiar blade in a hurry，It is unavoidable that it is naturally not right。This is rooted in the reading mode of "one person and one famous book" to a certain extent，One or two classic works that are representative of some theorists and the abstract concepts they proposed to learn and worship，Lack of history of life for the author、Creative Background、Social soil and think about the scope of the theoretical application determined by this，Lack of changes to the author's thinking、The steering process of the academic context of its belonging、Grasp of the dialogue between school schools。Popular analogy，It's like listening to songs only to listen to some famous songs、single，I even only remember one or two lyrics，instead of listening to the album，Don’t understand the change of the style，No attention to trends and trends，It is naturally difficult to rely on the specific style of the evaluation。So，Avoid a leafy eye or a blind person at the reading level，The chain that extends read on the vertical direction，For example, not only knows the "national perspective" proposed by James C. Scott，More comprehensive understanding from the perspectives of "Weak Weapons", "Rebellion and Survival", "Selfic and Resistance Art"。At the same time，Greed up on the horizontal direction of reading，For example, in the perspective of capital and technology、Perspective of Culture and Ethics、After the perspective of family and relationship，When looking back at some themes，The perspective of national and social relations will not become the only choice。

again，Researchers must Bet365 lotto review continue to be close and deepened at the experience level。Many studies have been destined to fail to fail when choosing a topic，Because the life experience of researchers is too far away from the daily world of research objects，It is very likely to cause the livelihood structure of traditional settlements and non -understanding of folk customs、Don’t adapt to the rhythm and dietary habits，or cause the cultural atmosphere and internal discourse of the special group of people、Disagreement of communication methods and communication habits。Of course, this is true，and even in the fields of relatively mature government behavior and corporate organizations，This phenomenon is also not uncommon。Reasons for the reason，I am afraid that it is a lack of researchers and research objects、It is also difficult to build a set of interoperability and shared discourse system，No kind of symbiotic interactive relationship。The so -called investigation process has always been on the surface、Wandering shallow layer，Interview、A discussion、Watch the "front desk show" in routine investigations such as external observations，and cannot enter the natural state to get further information。Final，The author conducts the righteousness based on the "suspended" material、Final -Final interpretation，Use self -conscious theory，For the actors and facts endorsed by themselves。To avoid the occurrence of the above situation，Researchers need to consider the closeness between themselves and the theme field when choosing a topic，Consider the accessibility of field surveys。This kind of closeness and may not be physical、In the sense of physical body，but in culture、Life、Emotional and incorporated approach and accessible，Only this can constitute a prerequisite for in -depth investigation and bet365 Play online games empathy understanding。Of course，What needs to be emphasized at the experience level is，Get a statement about facts from multiple angles as much as possible (such as different voices of the labor and the capital、The respective positions of members of the village committee and villagers、Differential attitude of superiors and subordinates)，Grasp the incident process as continuously as possible (such as the cause of the cause、Different stages、Important steering and logic behind it)，Reappeares the parties' expression as much as possible、Speech and explanation (instead of using the academic expression and conceptual language of researchers to replace it prematurely) — the diversity of statement、The integrity of the event、Native nature of text，You can tighten the reins imagined by researchers from three aspects，Maximum the hegemony of theoretical hegemony into the iron cage。

Last，Researchers must grasp the rhythm and amplitude at the analysis level。The risks described in the previous preceding are likely to be generated in two cases: one is，Researchers have completed the interpretation of empirical materials、Summary and refinement process，Instead，A sense of splitting between the basic facts and the grand theory in intuitive，The result of the so -called "fast use theory"; the other is the process of almost no analysis and refinement，After a slight description of the phenomenon，"Putting Facts and Term" has become "Putting the Facting Hat" -The hat selection becomes the "pan -use theory"，The hat buckle becomes "wrong theory"。In the analysis, you can appropriately reduce the risk in such a practice: First, analyze it step by step、Movement layer，The self -discovery of the text and key expressions of the interview or observation of the text obtained as the first discovery，Based bet365 live casino games on this, the factual general level is intermediate discovery，The basic conclusion (that is, "affairs") based on this is a relatively high -level discovery; the second is to adhere to the promotion of the promotion from "affairs" to "learning"、Attitude of limited promotion，Try to place the research conclusion in other similar groups or larger backgrounds，Examine its applicable space boundary and time range，To determine the experience of micro -locality to find out whether it can rise to the level of macro theory dialogue。

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