As a research method，field operation (also known as field survey) in ethnicology、Sociology、Anthropology、Long -term practice in social sciences such as folklore，Related criticism and reflection are also constantly going deep。With the continuous cross -crossing of humanities and social sciences、Fusion，Field homework is also increasingly borrowing and using the humanities discipline，For example, history、Literature, etc.。The fields understood by different disciplines and the purpose of carrying out field operations are different，This presents a diversified orientation。

But，Whether it is social science or humanities，All studies centered on "people"。This approximateity lays the foundation for understanding "fields" and "field operations" as a whole。Stealing as，"Field" is where people are，Everyone's place，is the field。Fields not only exist in reality，At the same time, it also exists in the literature。

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field operation，Derived from people's exploration of strange people and unknown worlds，Try to understand different human culture，and reflect on yourself，To obtain the bet365 live casino games overall understanding of the development of human society。This original intention，Pind the objects they are concerned about to those "unknown", "barbarous and backward" crowd。In the early Chinese field practice，The term "field" is more involved in "rural" and "remote areas" corresponding to the city，Field homework was an important research method for in -depth understanding of rural and border and ground，There are thousands of contacts with the two。Especially outside the academic world，Speaking of field surveys，A Tan Lianyu Mo immediately appeared in people's minds、Village scene of small bridge flowing water，or desert smoke、The frontier style of the long river sunset。Field Survey is often mistaken for "going to the countryside"，Persistent with the color of "Hunting and Hunting"。This is simple、stereotypes，In fact, it has been criticized and corrected by many people。But to this day，Many amateur people still use this narrow vision to understand fields and field homework。

In fact，Field operations as an effective means and method for understanding and studying "people" and their activities，The category of its practice has never been static，But keep pace with the times、Continuous innovation。With the development of society，and the adjustment update of the research bet365 live casino games objects of various disciplines，Field operations are no longer limited to the old categories of "villages" and "border"。Speak in truth -seeking，The academic community has already returned to the field of field homework as a method of exploring "people" activities to understand "field" and launched related survey activities，Where there is someone，is "field"。

In terms of this meaning，"Field" is the academic community to understand people's production、Various fields of life practice。"Field" can be big or small，It can be as small as a house、A courtyard、A building、A building、A village，can also be a settlement、A area，or as large as a basin、A area，etc.。"Field" does not have urban and rural，It can be a rural society，Can also be a urban community。Object of the field operation，It can be a person's activity，It can also be a group of people's activities。Speaking，"Field" is the space category of people's activities，As long as someone is here，There is "field"。It can be said without exaggeration，In real life，"Field" is everywhere。

"field" in the literature

"Field" everywhere in real life，But it is not equivalent to saying that "field" is only in real life。The ancients had a cloud: "Read thousands of books，Wanli Road。"" In fact, the two basic paths of learning have been clearly clear: one bet365 Play online games is "field" in reality，"Wanli Road"。It launched a field survey in daily life，Let's understand people’s production、Life and its social significance。The other is the "field" in the literature，That is "Reading Wanjuan Books"。It is a record of the relevant literature，To understand a method of people's past and current active status。

The latter is established，Because to a certain extent，The literature itself is a record of people's various activities，It is also the product of human activity。Literature can be、In fact, it is also an important carrier to understand human activities，It is an important medium that human civilization can inherit and continuously continue for generations。Through in -depth reading and understanding literature，We can also achieve the purpose of understanding people and their activities。So the literature also has the nature of "field"。From this view，There are also people and their activities in the literature，Someone will have "field"。"Field" not only exists in real life，Also existing in various documents。

But，Do "field" in the literature，Unlike "field" in reality。Do "field" in reality，Mainly obtain relevant information through participation and in -depth interviews; do "field" in the literature，It mainly forms related understanding through text reading and analysis。Although the Bet365 lotto review two have different exploration methods，But they have similarities in the grasp of the "field" category。That is to say，Whether in real life or in literature，"Field" is essentially a field of understanding and analyzing people's activities，The two are selecting the layer of "field"、The range has relative openness and tolerance。At this point，They can have consistency。

　"Towards the scene of history": the interoperability of reality and literature

Do "field" in reality and "field" in the literature，Not contradictory、Conflict，They can be a relationship of complementary and mutual assistance。"field" in reality，Can provide us with various lives for us to know human activities、Rich background information，But the grasp of durability has a great deficiency。"field" in the literature，The origin of can know human activities for us、Development provides durable clues，But I often can't see the complicated factors such as the environment behind the activity。Through the two to learn from each other、Supplement，We are on the issue of related related issues，often unexpected gains。

"Towards the scene of history" is an important academic concept that many scholars in the "South China School" of History Anthropology。If reading the literature emphasizes the time and context of historical events，Then the field that enters the reality Bet365 lotto review is the "sense of place" and "local sense" of historical events。In the study of social history and cultural history，Only combine the sense of time and place，Combining the past historical events with the current social life，can better pursue the inner context and development logic of regional social history，As Chen Chunsheng said，"Only researchers who have participated in field work can truly understand，alone，Or a group of groups from all over the world、Peers with different discipline backgrounds，Go to the historical scene，Survey History，Interview with Lao Lao，Collect literature and legend，Make deep dense discussions，Connect the past and the present，academic thinking about the sense of historical and ‘live sense’，What does it have "。

No matter what，Field operations as a scientific research method，It should not be limited to a few disciplines，and should play its due value in various disciplines of humanities and social sciences。For history，Perform field operations in reality and literature，helps us better combine the grand historical narrative with the micro social life，To better understand the historical process formed by regional society and the internal mechanism of its cultural changes。

(Author Unit: Institute of Confucianism Higher Research in Shandong University)