Actively explore the development path of people's livelihood construction and social policy development

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China，my country's people's livelihood protection and social policy have entered a new period of development。The Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core is based on the actual situation of the country，Social policy and people's livelihood security system for innovation and development of Chinese characteristics，Get important progress。2013，"Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on several major issues on comprehensive deepening reforms" emphasized，"Realize the results of development more fairly and benefit all the people，Must accelerate social cause reform，Solving the people's most concerned and direct and realistic interests，Efforts to provide diversified services for the society，better meet people's needs "，And proposed in education、Employment、Income allocation、Social Security、Pharmaceuticals and other aspects of strengthening reform and development requirements。2017，General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out in the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China，Must conspire the benefits of people's livelihood、Explain the worries of people's livelihood，Make up the shortcomings of people's livelihood in development、Promoting social fairness and justice，Nursery in children、Learn to teach、Doctors with disease、Doctors with disease、Elderly supports、Living for a living、Weak support has continued to achieve new progress，In -depth poverty alleviation，Ensure that all people have more sensations in the construction and sharing development，Continuously promoting the comprehensive development of people、All people are wealthy together。2018，General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized when inspecting in Shandong，The people are looking forward to，Politics and direction。2019，"The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on persistence and improvement of socialist system with Chinese characteristics、Decision to promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capabilities "emphasizes，my country's national system and the national governance system have many significant advantages，Including adherence to the people -centered development ideas，Continuous guarantee and improve people's livelihood、Improve people's well -being，The significant advantage of taking the common prosperity road。2022，General Secretary bet365 Play online games Xi Jinping further emphasizes the need to adhere to the people -centered development thoughts in the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party，Maintain the fundamental interests of the people，Promoting the well -being of people's livelihood，Continuous development for the people、Development depends on the people、Development results shared by the people，Let the results of modernization construction more fair and benefit all the people。April 3, 2023，General Secretary Xi Jinping in the important speech at the study and implementation of Xi Jinping's new era of socialist ideology with Chinese characteristics，once again emphasized the need to protect and improve people's livelihood。

Under the unified leadership and deployment of General Secretary Xi Jinping and the Party Central Committee，The weak links of the party committee and governments at all levels in response to the existence of people's livelihood protection，Actively formulate and implement social policy，Promoting people's livelihood construction has achieved new development。The first is to thoroughly implement the people -centered development idea，Efforts to overcome the effects of various unfavorable factors，Persist in doing a good job of guaranteeing and improving people's livelihood，Strengthen and optimize social policy，Continue improving people's livelihood protection and level of public service，Established and improved the government's public service list and standard，and continue to improve the financial investment in the field of people's livelihood in accordance with the principle of doing its best to do with our best efforts，Continue to force in all aspects of people's livelihood protection，People's life has been improved in all aspects，Promoting common prosperity。Second, attach great importance to the fairness of people's livelihood protection and social policy，Work hard to promote equalization of basic public services，The merger of pension insurance and medical insurance between urban and rural residents，Reform of the pension insurance system for institutions and institutions for institutions，Further optimized the system specifications of the central and local governments in terms of public services and the sharing of public services and the central government's transfer of payment to the local area，Make urban and rural、Between regions and groups are more balanced on the level of people's livelihood protection，More fair。Third is to comprehensively promote rural poverty alleviation，Adhere to precision poverty alleviation，Winning the largest battle against poverty in human history，Get major achievements，Historically eliminating absolute poverty，made a major contribution to the world's poverty reduction cause。

　　Social policy action system with Chinese characteristics is initially formed

After years of exploration and development，my country has initially formed a social policy action system with Chinese characteristics，Play an important role in protecting and improving people's livelihood。Summary to see，Social policy action system with Chinese characteristics has the following significant features。

First, adhere to the party's leadership。Adhere to the leadership of the Communist Party of China is one of the significant signs of socialism with Chinese characteristics and Chinese -style modernization，This is fully reflected in formulating social policies and promoting the livelihood construction action system。General Secretary Xi Jinping clearly pointed out，Promoting the well -being of people's livelihood is the fundamental purpose of development，It is required to solve the most directly and most realistic interests of the people by protecting and improving people's livelihood，Improve the sense of gain and satisfaction of the people，Meeting the people's growing good life needs，Continuously promoting the comprehensive development of people、All people are wealthy together。The Party Central Committee deeply pointed out that there are still many shortcomings in the field of people's livelihood in my country，Requires to make up for the shortcomings of people's livelihood，It has determined the key areas of my country's people's livelihood construction，Requires to be nurtured in children、Learn to teach、Doctors with disease、Doctors with disease、Elderly supports、Living for a living、Weakly supports multiple fields to continuously achieve new progress，and improve the national basic public service system。The Party Central Committee puts forward clear requirements for the construction of people's livelihood protection and social policy system，Require social policy to support，To promote social fairness and justice，bet365 Play online games Protection and improvement of people's livelihood must do their best to do their best，Pay attention to strengthening inclusiveness、Basic、Fundamental people's livelihood construction，Persist in and improve the people's livelihood guarantee system for urban and rural areas，To deepen the reform of the social system，Innovative public service provision method，Improve the basic public service system，Improve public service level，Enhance the balance and availability of public services，Encourage the support of social forces to promote office welfare，Meet the people's multi -level and diversified needs，Efforts to solve the problem of the people's urgency and anxiety。The Party Central Committee also puts forward specific requirements for the reform and development of people's livelihood in various fields，and continuously adjust and optimize the specific requirements of all aspects with the deepening of economic development and the practice of people's livelihood。Under the guidance and requirements of the Party Central Committee，Party committees at all levels across the country attach great importance to the construction of people's livelihood，It played an important leadership role in formulating and implementing social policies and promoting people's livelihood construction。Especially in the poverty alleviation operation, the fifth -level secretary caught poverty alleviation、The situation of the whole party mobilized the situation，It has laid an important political foundation for poverty alleviation and people's livelihood protection。

Second, a relatively complete basic people's livelihood guarantee system was established according to the needs and conditions of the people。my country's current people's livelihood security system is quite wide，All aspects of the people involved in the lives of the people。The first aspect is the establishment of the employment and people's livelihood guarantee system，Play an active role in protecting the employment rights of the people and maintaining the fairness of employment。The second aspect is to establish and gradually improve the social insurance system，Including endowment insurance、Medical Insurance、Work Injury Insurance、unemployment insurance and maternity insurance，and the pilot of long -term care insurance。The third aspect is to gradually realize the goal of "doing a good education for the people" by strengthening and optimizing the social policy of education，Popularized free nine -year compulsory education，Non -expanding the scale of non -compulsory education，The gross enrollment rate of higher education exceeds 50%，effectively safeguard the educational rights of the people of the people，Actively promote education fairness and improve the quality of education。The fourth aspect is to build a relatively complete health and health service guarantee system，It is being further expanded and strengthened in this field through the Health China Action Plan，Gradually improve the full -scale full -cycle health service guarantee。The fifth aspect is through poverty alleviation operations and social assistance policies，strengthened rescue and assistance to all kinds of difficult people。After completing the task of poverty alleviation in 2020, he turned to rural revitalization actions。The field of social assistance has formed a relatively complete institutional system，The development of social assistance systems that are currently classified by layered classification，Incorporate more low -income and other difficult people into it。The sixth aspect is expanding the elderly、Social welfare services for children and disabled。where，strengthened the construction of the pension service system under the national strategic action system of the population aging.，Increased the education of the social security system and the care service system of the disabled people in the disabled person、Employment、Rehabilitation、Social Security、Services in the construction of barrier -free facilities，and in the "Moderate Inclusive Social Welfare" operation, a protection service system for children with difficulties and care services for rural left -behind children。In short,，my country has widened the formulation and implementation of social policies through extensive formulation and implementation，The people's livelihood guarantee system with a relatively complete content，It played an important role in people's livelihood protection from all aspects。

Three is to continuously improve the level of people's livelihood protection bet365 live casino games that adapts to my country's economic development。First，The coverage of the objects covered by the people's livelihood protection projects generally reached the highest level of history。In terms of inclusive projects，Pension insurance achieves full coverage of the system，Medical insurance has basically achieved the full coverage; free compulsory education has been popularized in the country，The enrollment rate of non -compulsory education has increased significantly; a public health and disease prevention system for the whole people。Social assistance system is expanding to low -income households，Social welfare services are also developing in a moderate inclusive direction。Next，The treatment level and service quality of each project in the livelihood security system are continuously improved。With the development of economic development and the increase in per capita income，The government continues to improve the level of pension insurance payment、minimum living security standard、Orphan allowances、Social security treatment levels such as two subsidy standards for the disabled，and gradually expand the medical insurance reimbursement directory according to the actual situation，Increase the proportion of medical insurance reimbursement，At the same time, pay attention to improving education、Employment、Quality of social services such as public health and disease prevention，Gradually meet the people's high -quality education、High -quality public health and disease prevention、The needs of high -quality employment。Last，Governments at all levels in terms of people's livelihood security rising rates generally exceed the speed of increased domestic GDP，It also exceeds the growth rate of the total government fiscal expenditure。Generally speaking，my country's overall welfare level is continuously improved。

Fourth, a livelihood guarantee system with Chinese characteristics and adapting to my country's economic and social development。The people's livelihood protection in contemporary society is an institutionalized action system，You need to construct and improve the relevant system，The responsible subject to clearly formulate and implement social policies，enable various social policies to run stable for a long time。Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China，my country's main structure and related system of people's livelihood guarantee constantly improving people's livelihood protection，A combination of government responsibility with social forces，Governments at all levels、The people's livelihood construction system for reasonable division of labor and cooperation between the government's various departments。The government shoulders the main responsibility in the guarantee of people's livelihood，Construction in the basic system、Social policy formulation and implementation、Resource supply and management and supervision play the main role。Community、Social organizations and enterprises and institutions are widely participated in the construction of people's livelihood in various ways，Play an increasingly important role in resource supplementation and service provision。In terms of government subjects，Establishing a system for the distribution system of public services between the central and local governments in the relevant public services of people's livelihood construction，Gradually clarify the responsibility of the government's right to affairs at all levels，According to the actual needs of people's livelihood construction, the departments of governments at all levels and their functions of functional division of labor，and established and improved the coordination mechanism of the government's people's livelihood security work of cross -department。

Five is to explore the establishment of a people's livelihood guarantee mechanism that has continuously optimized the combination of public services and market mechanisms。Minsheng Security cannot rely on the government to formulate social policies and provide public services，It is necessary to give full play to the role of the market mechanism。For this，my country has innovated "basic public services", "non -basic public services" and "non -public services" in the field of people's livelihood security。where，Basic public services are mainly responsible for the government，Through the formulation and implementation of social policies, it provides a basic public service to those in need，Meet the basic needs of the people in all aspects。In terms of non -basic public services，Government and market subject cooperation，Bet365 app download Provide the public with higher levels of services，Meeting the needs of higher levels。instead of public services is mainly provided through market players，The government can give certain policy discounts，It mainly meets the high -level needs of the people's diversification。In addition，In basic public services、Non -basic public services and non -public services three levels of people's livelihood protection，Different combinations of welfare mechanisms and market mechanisms。The main level of basic public service is the welfare mechanism，But also introduced a certain market mechanism to expand participation and improve service quality and operating efficiency。Emphasizing the organic combination of welfare mechanisms and market mechanisms at the non -basic public service level，Mobilize more market resources with a certain public resources。and at the non -public service level, it mainly runs through the market mechanism，Supplemented by a certain welfare mechanism to improve the availability of the service。

Six is ​​to strive to improve the fairness of social policy。Fairness is an important basic requirement for formulating and implementing social policies and people's livelihood。The formulation and implementation of social policies to a large extent distribution of public resources in public operations，The fairness of social policy emphasizes the distribution and guarantee service of public resources provided in the quantity、equality and quality of level and quality。For the problem of non -equal public service in the past for a long time，Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China，my country has increased the pace of equalization of basic public services，Innovatively narrowing the level of people's livelihood protection between urban and rural areas and groups through the integration of the livelihood security system，and institutional practice of the differences in regional differences in people's livelihood through expansion of central affairs and superior fiscal transfer payment。Through years of hard work，Between urban and rural areas、The level of abnormality and gap between people's livelihood protection between regions and groups has been significantly reduced，The fairness of my country's social policy has increased significantly。

To sum up，After years of extensive formulation and implementation of social policies，my country has established a relatively complete people's livelihood security system，In protecting the basic life of the general public and improving the well -being of the people's livelihood，It has played an important role in promoting economic and social development，Getting major achievements，and gradually accumulated the practical experience of Chinese social policy in this process，With more prominent Chinese characteristics。

　　Policy suggestions for further strengthening people's livelihood construction

2016，General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized when visiting and condolences in Jiangxi，Guarantee and improve people's livelihood without endpoint，Only a new starting point for continuous continuous。This shows that the construction of people's livelihood is a step -by -step、Continuous improvement、The process of continuous development。Although the construction of people's livelihood in my country has achieved outstanding achievements，But there is still a certain shortcoming from the perspective of development，In the future of Chinese -style modernization, it still needs to continuously improve the level of people's livelihood construction。For this，We must carefully analyze the shortcomings of my country's people's livelihood construction and social policy formulation and implementation，Grasp the new challenges and new tasks that will appear in the future，On this basis。

First，We must carefully analyze the shortcomings of the existence of people's livelihood construction and social policies in my country，The point is insufficient protection and service、Short boards with uneven and high quality。First, there is a certain degree of unemployment and employment unstable in terms of income，and problems with low employment quality。Second, there are insufficient supply of high -quality educational resources in learning and teaching、Educational quality between urban and rural areas and the problem of unfair education caused by it。Third, there is insufficient medical service resources in the disease in the disease，Especially insufficient supply and uneven supply of high -quality medical resources，and the problem of the general low level of medical security。Fourth, there is a problem with low -income "housing needs" groups in some cities in terms of living and living.，and some difficulties in the renovation of dangerous bet365 live casino games houses in some rural areas。Fifth, there are some workers who have not been included in the endowment insurance system in the old age，Urban and rural residents' endowment insurance treatment level is too low，and the lack of effective supply and quality of long -term care services，The elderly economic guarantee of some people has real difficulties or potential risks，The fairness of the entire basic pension insurance system is also inadequate。Six is ​​a short board with insufficient supply of child care services in children's education，It affects the quality of childcare，Also leading to a parenting family，Especially for parenting mothers encountered many problems in balanced parenting and career development。Seventh, there is insufficient social assistance coverage in weak support、Insufficient service assistance、Education quality and employment quality of the disabled are generally low，Insufficient quality of rehabilitation and auxiliary device for disabled people，Mystery -free facilities and service development problems。Generally speaking，At present, it is mainly a short board in terms of quality and equilibrium，It is necessary to gradually make up in the future development。

Next，We must carefully analyze the new opportunities faced by the people's livelihood protection in the new period、New challenges and new requirements。First is the new challenge proposed by my country's transformation of economic development methods to the people's livelihood protection、New opportunities and new requirements。The change of economic method may bring new unemployment and income gap to expand the pressure，Requires to further improve the livelihood security system to cope with its challenges。At the same time，Economic development methods mainly based on technology -intensive industries will reduce the restriction of labor costs on economic development，to provide new opportunities for improving the level of people's livelihood。In addition，High -quality development in the future also requires social policies to make greater contributions to improving human capital and expanding domestic consumption，So as to improve the well -being of people's livelihood，Also promotes economic development。Second, my country's rapid population aging will put forward new challenges to the protection of people's livelihood，Requires to strengthen and optimize social policies to help cope with serious problems caused by increasing the burden of pension and reduction of labor。Third, the increase in uncertainty and risks in economic and social operations in the future also brings new challenges to the formulation and implementation of social policies，Requires the government to innovate the system of people's livelihood construction and mechanism and optimize social policies，In order to formulate and implement various social policies in the background of the uncertainty and social background。Fourth is the rapid development of science and technology in the future，Especially network information technology development will provide new opportunities and conditions for the development of social policy，It will promote the further scientific and rationalization of social policies，and provide technical conditions for improving the operating efficiency of people's livelihood protection operations。

Last，Facing the existing shortcomings and new opportunities that are appearing、New challenges and new requirements，We should be based on national conditions，Further optimize people's livelihood construction and social policy。First, to continuously improve the protection and improve the level of people's livelihood in development。According to the requirements of the high -quality development and follow the common prosperity road requirements in the future，At present, my country's overall welfare level is low，It is necessary to further improve。Second, it is necessary to further enhance the fairness of social policy，Including the integration of further promoting the urban and rural people's livelihood security system，and improve the overall level of the people's livelihood protection project as needed，The gap between the level of people's livelihood guarantee between urban and rural and between regions is further reduced。Institutional integration of people's livelihood security and social service level between different groups，Pay attention to improving the quality of education and health services in rural areas，Gradually improve the level of pension insurance and medical insurance in urban and rural residents，and expand the coverage and treatment level of social assistance and social welfare projects for the people in the bet365 best casino games difficulties。Third is to promote more positive social policies，Focus on the development of education that has a positive effect on human capital、Health and other people's livelihood protection areas，and pay attention to introducing professional social work into the field of people's livelihood protection，The economic guarantee for low -income groups will be more closely integrated with its ability improvement and motivation incentive services。Fourth is to further optimize the main structure of people's livelihood protection，Further mobilize social forces to actively participate，Optimize the cooperation between the government and social forces，and the division of labor cooperation system and mechanism between the government levels and departments。Five is to further optimize the operating mechanism of people's livelihood protection，Pay attention to the introduction of market mechanism through reasonably，Optimize the formulation and implementation of social policies，and strengthen the management of people's livelihood protection projects，Improve the social benefits and operating efficiency of public funds in the field of people's livelihood，Limited funds for government and society can play a greater role in improving people's livelihood。Six is ​​to speed up social policy research and talent training，Strengthen discipline construction、Construction of theoretical research and teaching system，Lay an important theoretical basis for the long -term sustainable development of people's livelihood guarantees and social policies with Chinese characteristics，Cultivate high -level management service talents。

　　(The author is a professor at the Social Construction and Management Research Institute of Nankai University)