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The neutrality of text: the challenge of artificial intelligence to author literature

00:52, April 03, 2020 Source: "China Social Sciences", April 3, 2020, 1900th, author: Xu Xiaojun

　　Microsoft Xiaobing Publishing Poetry Collection brings new challenges to many fields: legal copyright issues、Ethical problems at the sociological level、The relationship between the relationship between technology and art、The subject of the main body of writing and structured writing。With Microsoft's announcement of the abandonment of copyright，Although some practical problems can be solved partly at the legal level，But it doesn’t mean that this problem does not exist。Artificial intelligence writing one of the challenges of "literature is human learning"，It is to bring the confusion of "what is the author" again to the theory of literature，Make it a problem that must be faced。

　　Xiaobing seems to verify the structure/post -structuralism theory to some extent: The author is just a modern myth，He/she is just a functional existence。In literary criticism，Once and for all -time thinking slackness is the meaning of literature、Value and author's life、Feelings、Psychological and interesting association，This will no longer need to think about the complexity of literature。But，The author has always been a question。

　　The author as the past bet365 live casino games of the text，It is not the root of literary value。This is not derived from the "Author's Death，Starting Structure Theory after writing，Bart just discovered this phenomenon again in theory。We can find it in Aristotle's "Poetry"，Value of King Oedipus、meaning、Aesthetics is not rooted in the author named Sorfuklerus，It is not rooted in the historical era of the author and the interpreter，but derived from the structure of the work、Language and various auxiliary techniques。Aristotle determined: "The duty of the poet is not describing what has happened，and describing what may happen，That is what happened according to the law or inevitable law。"This cuts off the connection between literature and past，It also cuts off the association of literature and author's career，It is announced that the constituent elements and rules that are universal are the main points of literary research。Aristotle did not take us to pursue the life experience of Sorfuchlers、Internal Psychology，I did not describe the historical appearance of a period in detail，Instead, the meaning of literature is excavated with the help of the text。Literature for the future，Where the author is dead，The meaning of the text is still。

　　Even in the reality writing，The meaning of the author is also suspicious。Balzac is known as the greatest novelist，And he is just the secretary of history。Literature bet365 live casino games is record reality、Model writing reality，The meaning of literature is the meaning of reality，Balzac passed himself，Crossing the author，Hook the meaning of literature with reality。Author of as a clerk，Only sincerity is left、Loyal virtue。

　　Roland Bart announced the author's death with the help of Balzak's "Sarain"，This is obviously not a random choice。It is exactly a realist writer like Balzac，instead of those avant -garde modern and post -modern writers prove，"Writing is neutral、Combination and indirect space，Our main body has slipped away; writing is also a negative space，Where the identity of the body writing is determined，But ending with all identities "。Reader、Critics are just looking for writing in the symbols of books and placing in it and being continuously denied。The author as the ultimate designated person in text meaning，Doubt at the beginning of the writing。Back to the original starting point of literature，Nothing to return to the author to write the first character of the text of the text。Foucault is "What is the author? There are two examples in the properly: Marx and Freud。When we analyze the text with Marx's theoretical analysis，We have returned to a longer longer than the author、More complex social and political and economic conditions; when we use Freud's theory to spy on the internal psychology of the text，What we recover is the unconscious childhood Bet365 app download that the author cannot dominate。The purpose of criticism is not to rebuild the relationship between the author and the text，The author's inner experience is also unable to find，The rest is just a functional existence，Gathering many texts together，Form a mutually literary observation。In the huge space left by "The Death of the Author"，discourse open its uncertainty in this space。Text is just the stage of discourse performance，instead of traces left by the author。

　　Bart and Foucault's meaning in the theoretical structure as the founder of the author。It is "the death of the author"，Leave it for artificial intelligence to start the possibility of creation。Writing of the text is no longer a proprietary privilege for the author，but the endless possibility of discourse structure。Although Microsoft announced the abandonment of Xiaobing's author copyright，But this is not important，Because the copyright is not at the beginning。The important thing is，Artificial intelligence after Bart and Foucault，In the final biological sense, the author gave the author the most fatal blow。Roland Bart's body writing is no longer necessary，The author is no longer a name that gathers a series of related texts，but a code: AI。

　　Maybe，As long as AI is willing，It can learn through big data，Write various styles of text。Although the literary nature of these texts bet365 best casino games is also questioned by some writers，But whether it is the various texts left by the ancient unknown，It is still a literary research that criticized and developed in modern forms，Or is the work popular on the Internet today，It seems that the "literary nature" of the text is not determined by the author，but the language presented in text、Method and structure。The opening of various writing courses，It also illustrates that literary creation is taught、It can be learned in the future。Artificial intelligence compared to people as creatures，It is super strong、Sleeping information receiving ability、Learning ability and use ability。Although，Artificial intelligence writing will not replace the author writing in the short term，Even we can say that as long as we are willing，We can turn off artificial intelligence writing; but the possibility of artificial intelligence writing，But forcing us to re -think about how to know literary text。

　　Foucault is in his theory，Division of the actual author as a unique individual and the theoretical symbol author built as a criticism method，Still retaining the author of the author's biological sense exist。The emergence of artificial intelligence will make the author's biological value be greatly impacted。Reading and analysis of artificial intelligence text，Readers and critics no longer need to pursue who the author is，What kind of age and what kind of society was born，What bet365 live casino games kind of life experience has it、Emotional encounter，What kind of interest is; there is no need to pursue its childhood experience and unconscious trauma。A word to cover it，The author's identity is completely eliminated，It provides one of us to re -know those authors that cannot be found、Another possibility of text that is not very clear in time and space。Poems can be said，Poems are words。Whether it is Aristotle in Greece，Still our Confucius，None of the author said poetry，But Poetry still has its value。

　　Maybe you can say that，From ancient times，Text is considered to be neutral。Its meaning is not determined by the author。Try to rely on the author to make the internal structure of the text at value、The same sense，Anchor the text on a fixed point，This is an impossible job，To some extent, it does not meet the laws of the dialectical movement of the text itself。

　　Text is created by the text，I have my own career in time and space，Explanation around it，It became a "never being exhausted" text。It is the neutral of the text，This is not exactly dependent on the author's words space，Make Roland Bart's "writing neutral" into possible。The neutral whisper from Foucault- "Who is talking about what is the relationship" -、The author's main body dissipates today，Maybe it will become a deafening shout。

　　(Author Unit: School of Literature, Northwest Normal University)

Editor in charge: Changchang