There are many basins and plains in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River，Suitable for the development of agriculture，The development and prosperity of ancient mobile bet365。The Neolithic mobile bet365 in the middle reaches of the Yellow River can start from the Lijiagou mobile bet365 about 10,000 years ago，Establish Peiligan mobile bet365、Yangshao mobile bet365、Complete prehistoric cultural sequence such as Longshan Period mobile bet365。In this sequence, Tao Temple emerged in the late Longshan period、Shimao and other large-scale prehistoric cultural city sites，By the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, a brilliant bronze civilization had been achieved。The Houli mobile bet365 was also established in the lower reaches of the Yellow River、Beixin mobile bet365、Dawenkou mobile bet365、Typical prehistoric cultural sequence of Longshan mobile bet365。After the late Dawenkou mobile bet365，This region has also achieved many important civilizational achievements。

The prehistoric civilization in the Yangtze River Basin was concentrated in the middle and lower reaches。Neolithic mobile bet365 in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River，Starting from the Fairy Cave and Jade Toad Rock 10,000 years ago，via Pengtoushan mobile bet365、Chengbeixi mobile bet365、The development of Daxi mobile bet365 and other stages，reached its peak during the Qujialing mobile bet365 and Shijiahe mobile bet365 periods。This stage，The civilization in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River not only built the Shijiahe Ancient City with an area of ​​1.2 million square meters，And they keep committing crimes to the north，Collision with the Yellow River Civilization in the north，Occupied the southern Henan and northern Hubei areas that were originally part of the Yellow River Civilization area，Contended with the Yellow River Civilization for hundreds of years。Civilization in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River began with the Shangshan mobile bet365 more than 9,000 years ago，Via Kuahu Bridge、Majiabang、The development of Songze in various cultural periods，reached its peak during the Liangzhu mobile bet365 period。

The western Liaohe River Basin belongs to the upper reaches of the Liaohe River，Located between the Daxinganling and Yanshan Mountains at the junction of Inner Mongolia and Liaoning in the western part of Northeastern my country。The prehistoric mobile bet365 in the Xiliao River Basin began with the Xiaohexi mobile bet365 about 10,000 years ago，Jingxinglongwa mobile bet365 and Zhaobaogou mobile bet365，reached its peak during the Hongshan mobile bet365 period，formed into exquisite jade objects、Large altar、Goddess Temple、The Hongshan Civilization characterized by stone tombs。

About 9000-5000 years ago，mobile bet365 in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River begins to flourish。The old official platform mobile bet365 is formed in the north and south areas of Huashan，The Peiligang mobile bet365 was formed in the north and south of the Yellow River in Henan，Cishan mobile bet365 formed in northern Henan and southern Hebei areas，The formation of Post-Li mobile bet365 in the north and south areas of Mount Tai。Although these four cultures share common characteristics of the times，But the difference is obvious。Rulaoguantai mobile bet365 is represented by three-legged deep-belly jars and flat-bottomed deep-belly jars covered with interlaced rope patterns，Peligan mobile bet365 is represented by plain polished three-legged vessels，Cishan mobile bet365 is represented by flat-bottomed bowls and stands，The main feature of Houli mobile bet365 is the plain-faced round bottom cauldron。

About 7,000 years ago，The archaeological cultural pattern of the Yellow River Basin has undergone significant changes。The Peiligang mobile bet365 located in present-day Henan has formed at least five branches。The first branch evolved locally into the early Yangshao mobile bet365 represented by the three-legged tripod and the first three phases of Dahe Village。The second branch enters Shanxi，The formation of the "Zaoyuan Type" of Yangshao mobile bet365。The third branch expanded northward and replaced the Cishan mobile bet365 in northern Henan and southern Hebei，The formation of the "Hangang type" of Yangshao mobile bet365 represented by Ding。The fourth branch develops northwest along the Han River，Enter the north and south areas of Huashan，Expelled the old official mobile bet365，The "zero-mouth type" of Yangshao mobile bet365 characterized by small-mouthed flat-bottomed bottles。The fifth branch develops eastward，Entering the north and south areas of Mount Tai，Replaced the post-Li mobile bet365，The Beixin mobile bet365 represented by tripod was formed。

About 6,000 years ago，Distributed in western Henan and southern Shanxi with hook leaves、Dot、The Miaodigou type of the Yangshao mobile bet365, characterized by arc-edge triangular painted pottery patterns, has suddenly emerged。This type continues to radiate around，Form north to central Inner Mongolia、South to northern Hubei、East to East Henan、The huge Yangshao cultural circle from west to Longdong。The Beixin mobile bet365 distributed in the north and south of Mount Tai is also prospering，Evolved into Dawenkou mobile bet365，Expanded to the entire Haidai area。

Due to the separation of lakes and swamps，There are also differences between the cultures of the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River，Therefore, the phenomenon of the civilization in the middle reaches of the Yellow River integrating with the civilization in the lower reaches appeared。There were differences between the two places at the beginning of the formation of Yangshao mobile bet365 and Beixin mobile bet365，These differences become more significant with long-term independent development。The middle reaches of the Yellow River in the early Yangshao period、mid-term period，Both maintain their own sphere of influence with the Dawenkou mobile bet365 in the lower reaches。But it was late in the middle period of Yangshao mobile bet365，Dawenkou mobile bet365 began to spread westward，Its distribution range once reached central Henan。Since then，The cultures of the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River intersect or confront each other in eastern Henan。Mid Shang Dynasty，Business mobile bet365 begins to develop eastward，And occupied most of Shandong in the late Shang Dynasty。Affected by this，Most of the Yue Shi mobile bet365 migrated southward to form the Huaiyi mobile bet365，One of the branches develops northward，The formation of Pearl Gate mobile bet365 in Jiaodong Peninsula。The lower reaches of the Yellow River were included in the civilization of the middle reaches of the Yellow River。

Late Yangshao mobile bet365，The mobile bet365 in the middle reaches of the Yellow River began to split。The area in southern Henan and northern Hubei is gradually controlled by the Qujialing and Shijiahe cultures in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River，Eastern Henan is occupied by Dawenkou mobile bet365。But at this time, the Hongshan mobile bet365 in the Liaohe River Basin declined，The Yangshao mobile bet365 in the Hetao area and the Dawenkou mobile bet365 in Shandong area began to move northward，The formation of small riverside mobile bet365 in the Liaohe River Basin。This breaks the 3,000-year-old tradition of zigzag-shaped cylindrical jars from the Xinglongwa mobile bet365 to the Hongshan mobile bet365，Incorporating the Liaohe River Basin into the scope of the Yellow River Civilization。

Late Yangshao mobile bet365，The Yangshao mobile bet365 in Longdong area developed into the Majiayao mobile bet365，And continue to develop westward，Occupied Qinghai、Ningxia and most areas east of the Hexi Corridor。Late Longshan Period，A branch of the Majiayao mobile bet365 migrated south，The Karuo mobile bet365 was formed in the Qamdo area in northeastern Tibet，Then continued southward，Entering the Lhasa Basin，The formation of Qugong mobile bet365。About 4000 years ago，The Hakka mobile bet365 in the Guanzhong area expanded westward again，Form Qijia mobile bet365 together with local mobile bet365。Majiayao mobile bet365 continues to develop in the Hexi Corridor area，Evolved into Siba mobile bet365，And continue westward，The formation of Tianshan North Road mobile bet365 in northern Xinjiang。

The Baodun mobile bet365 from the Neolithic Age to the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties was discovered in the Sichuan Basin located in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River、Sanxingdui mobile bet365、Twelve Bridge mobile bet365 and other archaeological cultural sequences。Because the cultural landscape before Baodun mobile bet365 is still unclear，Its relationship with the Yangshao mobile bet365 at the northern end of the basin is still unclear。However，Bronze ware in Sanxingdui mobile bet365、Wine giftware、Yazhang and pointed-bottom jars are obviously influenced by the Yellow River Civilization。

The prehistoric mobile bet365 in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River began to advance into the Central Plains during the Qujialing mobile bet365 period，Occupied the northern Hubei and southern Henan areas。But around 4300 years ago，Civilization in the middle reaches of the Yellow River begins to counterattack。The Wangwan III mobile bet365 in central Henan and the Zaolutai mobile bet365 in eastern Henan jointly moved southward，Not only regained the lost ground，And the Xiaojia Roof mobile bet365 with Central Plains style was formed in the core area of ​​Jianghan mobile bet365，Even pushed the influence to the south of the Yangtze River，Unified the cultural development of most areas in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River into the Yellow River civilization。The prehistoric civilization in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River reached its peak during the Liangzhu mobile bet365 period，But around 4300 years ago，Liangzhu mobile bet365 begins to collapse。The law-making mobile bet365 in eastern Henan took the opportunity to move south，Via Anhui to the Taihu Lake Basin，Integrate with local mobile bet365 to form Qianshanyang and Guangfulin mobile bet365。

(The author is a professor at the School of History and mobile bet365, Henan University)