■The picture shows the special topic "Dialogue between Jin Zhengxi and Qing Dynasty literati" exhibited by the National Art Museum of China in 2019。The exhibition presents the Korean epigraphists in the first half of the 19th century、Calligraphy works of calligrapher and poet Kim Jung-hee (1786-1856)。With his efforts，Qing Dynasty scholarship centered on epigraphy was introduced to North Korea，has achieved great development in the local area，And has had a profound impact on modern and contemporary Korean calligraphy and painting art。 An Ran/photo

The widespread and lasting spread of bet365 new customer offer classical culture in East Asian countries，The "East Asian Cultural Circle" or "bet365 new customer offer Character Cultural Circle" has been formed with bet365 new customer offer classical culture as the core and radiating to other parts of East Asia，Also known as "Confucian Cultural Circle"。bet365 new customer offer classical culture uses bet365 new customer offer characters as language tools、Taking bet365 new customer offer literature as the main perceptual form、Introduced to ancient East Asia with Confucianism as the main value core，Has a broad and lasting impact on East Asian society，And gradually accumulated into a collective unconscious prototype of ancient East Asian society，In turn, it contributes to the construction of East Asian cultural system。Today，The spread of bet365 new customer offer classical culture in East Asia is still in literature、History、Has considerable influence in the fields of philosophy and art。

　　bet365 new customer offer characters have contributed most to the spread of bet365 new customer offer classical culture in East Asia

As an autonomous script, bet365 new customer offer characters are the only ideograms among all existing languages ​​in the world，It is the most significant and unique symbol of bet365 new customer offer culture，It is also an important factor in the continuation of bet365 new customer offer culture to this day。At the same time，It is also the main medium to carry and spread bet365 new customer offer culture。To a certain extent，bet365 new customer offer traditional material culture、Spiritual culture and institutional culture rely on the unique communication function of bet365 new customer offer characters，Only then can it be widely broadcast in East Asia and continue to be broadcast。Fairbank once said: "If there were no influence of bet365 new customer offer characters，East Asia will inevitably not become such a unique whole in world civilization。” According to historical records，bet365 new customer offer characters and bet365 new customer offer culture were introduced to various parts of East Asia very early。

The Korean Peninsula began to accept bet365 new customer offer characters on a large scale in the 2nd century BC，And gradually use bet365 new customer offer characters as the standardized official text，Although the writing forms of "Xiangzha" and "Lidu" were created in the 4th century，But Korean is still recorded in the form of bet365 new customer offer character transliteration。15th century，Although North Korea created its own national script - Hangul,But not until the end of the 19th century，bet365 new customer offer characters have always been used as official characters。In ancient Korean Peninsula，Regardless of its country name and official title，Still its basic system，Even his literary creation，Mainly recorded in bet365 new customer offer characters。This shows that the spread and use of bet365 new customer offer characters on the Korean Peninsula has reached an extremely high level。

Although Japan’s acceptance of bet365 new customer offer characters was later than that of the Korean Peninsula，However, the gold seal of the "King of the Slaves of Han Dynasty" from the Eastern Han Dynasty and the currency of the Xinmang Period were unearthed in Japan，It can be proved that bet365 new customer offer characters were introduced to Japan during the Han Dynasty。The "Man'yoshu" of Japan's Nara period was entirely recorded using bet365 new customer offer characters as the medium。At the same time，Japanese borrows the pronunciation of bet365 new customer offer characters "yindu" and "training"，And imitate the structure of bet365 new customer offer characters to create "katakana" and "hiragana" to form Japanese characters，Reflects the spread and widespread use of bet365 new customer offer characters in Japan。

Vietnam’s acceptance and use of bet365 new customer offer characters is even greater than that of the Korean Peninsula and Japan。Before the Vietnamese writing，bet365 new customer offer characters have always been used as its only official text，Vietnam’s ancient historical documents are all recorded and circulated in bet365 new customer offer characters。Until the 11th century，Vietnam only created its national character - Nom based on the structure of bet365 new customer offer characters。National policy of ancient Vietnam、Law、Historical books、Literary Creation，Even family trees, etc.，All written in bet365 new customer offer characters，This shows the popularity and use of bet365 new customer offer characters in Vietnam。

Chen Yinke once said: “According to today’s exegetical standards，Any explanation of a word is a cultural history。” The spread and use of bet365 new customer offer characters in East Asia，Make it an irreplaceable cultural symbol connecting China and East Asia，bet365 new customer offer characters have contributed most to the spread of bet365 new customer offer classical culture in East Asia。

　　Confucianism is the driving force behind the spread of bet365 new customer offer classical culture

If bet365 new customer offer characters are the perceptual form of bet365 new customer offer classical culture spread in East Asia，Then，Confucianism is undoubtedly the most important driving force for the widespread spread of bet365 new customer offer classical culture in East Asia。bet365 new customer offer classical culture is an open collection，The core values ​​of Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism have spread and influenced to a certain extent in various countries in East Asia，But the most notable among them is undoubtedly Confucianism and its value system。The ethical basis of Confucianism、Rites and music education、Values ​​such as the isomorphism of family and country, as well as benevolence, justice, propriety, wisdom, and trust、loyalty and filial piety、Forgive yourself and forgive others、Dezheng、Order、Modern、Harmony and other value demands at the personal level and the family and country level，To the ancient Korean Peninsula、The spiritual culture and institutional civilization of Japan and Vietnam have obvious building functions。

On the Korean Peninsula，Since the early 1st century AD，People began to accept Confucian classics such as The Analects。4th century AD，Baekje establishes Confucian Five Classics doctoral education system。6th century AD，The rise of Confucianism in Silla，After the unification of Silla, the central government established a national academy to teach Confucian classics。Goryeo Period，Establish the Imperial College in the central government，Establish rural schools in local areas，Promote Confucian education。958 years，Goryeo implemented the imperial examination system，List Confucian classics as scientific examination content，This will quickly promote the dissemination of Confucianism on the Korean Peninsula。Joseon Dynasty，Pay more attention to Confucian education，Especially admire Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism，Established two modes: official school and private school，Popularize Confucianism，It has a certain positive effect on maintaining and consolidating its dominance。

The purpose of accepting and identifying with the culture of “others” is to build and improve the culture of “self”。Confucian philosophy of life and ethical values ​​had a profound impact on the ancient Korean Peninsula，It has even accumulated into a collective unconsciousness that penetrated into the social and cultural psychology of ancient Korea，Become an important part of its history and culture，Potentially affecting the material culture of Korean Peninsula society、All aspects of spiritual culture and system construction。Even now，This influence has not disappeared yet，As Korean scholar Lee Seo-hang said: "The Korean nation has established contact with Confucianism from very early in ancient times，This has played a great role in adjusting and establishing the country’s development direction and the nature of national culture。”

In Japan，End of the 3rd century，The Analects of Confucius and other Confucian classics were introduced to Japan from Baekje。6th century，Baekje sends Doctors from the Five Classics to Japan regularly to teach Confucianism，Confucianism spread rapidly in Japan。Early 7th century，Prince Shotoku formulated the "Twelve Levels of Crown Ranks" to reform the political system in accordance with Confucian ethics，And draw on the principles of Confucian ethical order to promulgate the "Seventeen Articles of the Constitution"，The language in its provisions is mostly taken from Confucian classics。Early 8th century，Dahua reformed and promulgated the "Dabao Law Order" with a special "Xue Order" chapter，Provide Confucian education with "The Analects of Confucius" and "The Classic of Filial Piety" as compulsory courses in universities or bet365 new customer offer studies。Edo Shogunate Period，Zhu Zixue became an official school in Japan，Confucian classics are used as textbooks in schools at all levels in all vassals。After the 17th century，Yangmingism has become mainstream consciousness in Japan，The psychological unity advocated by Yangming School、Conscience and the unity of knowledge and action，Promote the Meiji Restoration for Japanese society、Developing capitalism has positive significance。

In the process of cultural dissemination，The recipient’s acceptance activity is by no means a simple mechanical copy，Often intentionally or unintentionally, the culture of “others” is transformed into the new quality of “self” culture。Hayashi Razan in the Edo period advocated the integration of Zhu Xixue and Japanese Shinto，To achieve the unity of God and Confucianism。Ishida Meiyan advocates the integration of the three religions of Confucianism and Buddhism，Even through social indoctrination campaigns，Let Confucianism gradually penetrate into all levels of Japanese society，Becoming the main building force of Japanese social and cultural psychology。So，After the bet365 new customer offer classical culture with Confucianism as the backbone was introduced to Japan，It has a significant impact and role on Japan’s historical and cultural development and its social progress。Modern Japanese scholar Naito Honan believes: “If you want to know the roots of Japanese culture，You must first understand bet365 new customer offer culture。”

After the unification of Qin，Confucianism has already spread in today’s Vietnam。Three Kingdoms Period，A large number of Confucian scholars from the Central Plains came to ancient Vietnam to preach Buddhism and Taoism，Daxing Confucian Education。Sui and Tang Dynasties，Cultural exchanges between ancient Vietnam and the Central Plains are growing，Greatly promoted the spread and development of Confucianism in ancient Vietnam。968 years，Unification of Vietnam，Although in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, the policy of "advocating Buddhism and suppressing Confucianism" was implemented，But the spread and practice of Confucianism has not been interrupted。Although the Li Dynasty and Chen Dynasty from the 11th to 14th centuries pursued the policy of "both respecting Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism"，But still regards Confucianism as the ideological basis for governing the country。1400 years，The Hu Dynasty implemented the policy of "restricting Buddhism and respecting Confucianism"。1428 years，The Le Dynasty implemented the policy of "Confucianism only"。1778，The Ruan Dynasty of Xishan still respected Confucianism。1802，Nguyen Phuc Ying Nguyen Dynasty was the last feudal dynasty in Vietnamese history，Continue to pursue the national policy of “exclusively respecting Confucianism”。

An examination of “other” culture、Absorb、Reference，Essentially, it is to better create a "self" culture。Compared to ancient Korean Peninsula and Japan，The spread and influence of Confucianism in Vietnam are wider and more profound。After thousands of years of dissemination and influence，Confucianism has penetrated deep into the collective unconscious of Vietnamese society，Potentially affecting the way of thinking of Vietnamese people、Behavior Pattern、Cognitive psychology, customs and habits, etc.。At the same time，Confucianism has a certain "prototype" meaning in Vietnamese culture，Become the source of ideas for the development of modern society。Professor Nguyen Kim Son of Hanoi National University in Vietnam believes that Vietnamese Confucianism “is the result of the spread and development of Confucianism in Vietnam，It is also the result of the localization of Confucianism in Vietnam”，Vietnamese Confucianism “enriches the face of Confucianism，Is an important part of bet365 new customer offer Confucianism and global Confucianism”。

　　bet365 new customer offer literature plays an important role in the spread of bet365 new customer offer classical culture

The initial spread of bet365 new customer offer characters and bet365 new customer offer classical culture with Confucianism as its backbone in East Asia was limited to the elites in various places，It still exists in a small area。The widespread spread of bet365 new customer offer characters and Confucianism in East Asia，That is, the development from the upper class to the general public，It can only become a reality with the help of a strong narrative。East Asian bet365 new customer offer literature is the best bearer of this narrative method，It has an irreplaceable role and value in the spread of bet365 new customer offer characters and bet365 new customer offer classical culture in East Asia。Different from the rational way of existence in Confucianism，bet365 new customer offer literature uses the medium of bet365 new customer offer characters in a perceptual way，Played an important role in spreading bet365 new customer offer classical culture throughout the history of ancient East Asia，In turn, it played a positive role in promoting the construction of ancient social culture in East Asia。

East Asian bet365 new customer offer literature refers to all literary phenomena presented in the history of East Asia using bet365 new customer offer characters as the medium and all literary issues caused by them。In short，That is, bet365 new customer offer literature in the areas covered and radiated by the East Asian cultural circle in history。Except China，The geographical scope is mainly ancient Korea、Japan、Vietnam, etc.。The development process roughly has the following stages:

7th-9th century，Is the period when East Asian bet365 new customer offer literature occurred。bet365 new customer offer literature creation during this period to learn bet365 new customer offer culture、Accepting and imitating the literature of Jin and Tang Dynasties as a characteristic。bet365 new customer offer poems by Silla poet Choi Chi-won、Japanese bet365 new customer offer poetry collection "Huaifengzao" and other collections are deeply influenced by "The Book of Songs" and the style of Tang poetry。

10th-14th century，Is the development period of East Asian bet365 new customer offer literature。A large number of East Asian and bet365 new customer offer literary writers emerged during this period、Collection of essays、Diverse styles。On the principle of creation，Mainly study the Tang and Song Dynasties，The system of bet365 new customer offer literary criticism is initially formed。The overall creative value orientation is based on Confucian poetic concepts。

15th-17th century，It is the mature period of East Asian bet365 new customer offer literature。The creation of lyrical literature and narrative literature in East Asian bet365 new customer offer literature has reached a certain height。The creation of bet365 new customer offer prose such as "Yan Xing Lu", "Chaotian Lu" and literati's written talks, which record the cultural exchanges between East Asian countries, are popular。

18th to early 19th century，The heyday of East Asian bet365 new customer offer literature。The peak of prosperity is the growth of the group of writers from various countries、Many schools，Rich works、Various forms、Criticism Prosperity。The prosperity of bet365 new customer offer literature in East Asian countries during this period and the politics between countries、Imperial examination system、Cultural exchanges, etc. are closely related。Looking at it as a whole，The ideal pursuit of bet365 new customer offer literary creation during this period was still the value world dominated by Confucianism。

　Later 19th century to early 20th century，It is the period of transformation of East Asian bet365 new customer offer literature。Afterward，East Asian bet365 new customer offer literature is gradually being replaced by new literature。Although East Asian bet365 new customer offer literature has declined in form，But the historical and cultural traditions contained in it，But it can be continued，And for the development of modern East Asian literature，Laid the ideological and cultural foundation。

East Asian bet365 new customer offer Literature on bet365 new customer offer Characters and bet365 new customer offer Language，Especially the widespread spread of bet365 new customer offer classical culture in ancient East Asian societies，Its role and value are limitless。Nguyen Kim Son believes that Confucian literary documents “can reflect the profound influence of Confucianism on Vietnamese Confucianism and the Vietnamese people’s way of thinking and aesthetic concepts”。Not only Vietnamese and bet365 new customer offer literature，It is also the commonality of the entire East Asian bet365 new customer offer literature。

　　bet365 new customer offer classical culture helps East Asian civilization move towards a better future

bet365 new customer offer classical culture is essentially the culture of the "three religions in one": Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism，The three paths are different but they lead to the same destination，The ultimate ideal is the pursuit of the complete realization of the value of individual life。So，It can be said that bet365 new customer offer classical culture relies on bet365 new customer offer characters、The widespread and lasting spread of major elements such as Confucianism and bet365 new customer offer literature in East Asian history，And then gradually built up Confucian moral cultivation in ancient East Asian society、Etiquette Order、An East Asian cultural value system with the core of the ethics of loyalty, filial piety and the ideal of equality and equality。

The reason why East Asia can be under the continuous influence of bet365 new customer offer classical culture dominated by Confucianism，Gradually building a relatively stable East Asian cultural system，It is because bet365 new customer offer classical culture, as a "summoning structure", satisfies the "expectation horizon" of ancient East Asian social culture，Through the experience and interpretation of "intersubjectivity"，The inevitable result of finally entering the "shared world"。The "people-oriented" moral trend in East Asian culture、Focus on the value orientation of the country and the collective、The philosophical spirit of "harmony between man and nature" has condensed profound cultural heritage for the construction of the East Asian cultural system。

The construction of the East Asian cultural system is a long historical process，It is generally believed that it was conceived in the 4th-5th century AD，Formed in the 8th century，Beginning of decline in the late 19th century。As a cultural system，The ultimate value orientation is simply "harmony"，In other words, it means "harmonious coexistence" or "harmony and symbiosis"。Under the guidance of this value ideal，The East Asian cultural system includes the isomorphic ethical principles and hierarchical order of family and country、The values ​​of “three religions in one”、The epistemology of Yin Yang and Five Elements、The content and characteristics of the Huayi view centered on "China" and the "moderate" attitude towards doing things。On how to treat East Asian culture，We may be able to get some inspiration from the Japanese sinologist Okamura Shigeru。When talking about the relationship between Japanese culture and bet365 new customer offer culture, Okamura Shigeru pointed out: "Japanese culture is formed on the basis of bet365 new customer offer culture，bet365 new customer offer culture has been integrated into the blood of the Japanese，It cannot and cannot be abandoned and let go。"Only "continue to learn and inherit bet365 new customer offer classical culture and thought，Only Japan can maintain its unique culture，Without being completely westernized and Americanized”。For East Asian Culture，We should also observe this。

What’s more important is，bet365 new customer offer culture is the historical cornerstone for bet365 new customer offer civilization to move toward the future，bet365 new customer offer civilization is the source of power for bet365 new customer offer cultural innovation。Because bet365 new customer offer culture often means adhering to historical traditions，Respect for the uniqueness of bet365 new customer offer culture；bet365 new customer offer civilizations often point to the future，means recognition and practice of common human values。From the perspective of the influence of bet365 new customer offer culture on bet365 new customer offer civilization，Keep in mind that bet365 new customer offer cultural traditions are the foundation of bet365 new customer offer civilization；Actively accepting the progressive nature of other cultures is the driving force for bet365 new customer offer civilization to understand and strengthen itself；Transforming the excellent elements of other cultures into the new qualities of one’s own culture is the only way for the long-term vitality of bet365 new customer offer civilization；Integrating the spread of bet365 new customer offer spiritual civilization and promoting the exchange and development of bet365 new customer offer material civilization is a necessary condition for the prosperity of bet365 new customer offer civilization；Adhering to the principle of peaceful coexistence of heterogeneous cultures is the only way for bet365 new customer offer civilization to go global。To some extent，These concepts are also consistent with the "community with a shared future for mankind" advocated by China，It is the spiritual wealth to realize the common development of mankind in the new era。

　　(This article is a phased result of the National Social Science Fund Key Project "Document Collection and Research on the Spread of bet365 new customer offer Poetry in Ancient Korean Peninsula" (18ww004)

　　(The author is the director of the Northeast Asia Research Center of Hunan Normal University、"Xiaoxiang Scholar" Distinguished Professor)