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Psychology is a science of a study of people's psychological phenomena and psychological activities。The research object of psychology is "people"，Psychological activity comes from the subject of man。The subjectivity is a basic feature of human，It is the ability that people show in practice、Function and status，It is an autonomous motility that a person shows as the subject in the relationship with the object，For example, creativity、Autonomous and selective。The subjectivity is the sign and manifestation of the individual's subject status，This requires psychologists to respect the dignity and value of people in the research process，"People -centered"，Pay attention to the subjectivity of people。But looking at the history of psychology，Psychologists do not pay enough attention to the subjectivity of people，The shaping of the image of "people" is not complete，isolated "people"、The phenomenon of one -sided and excessive tools frequently appears，This may be related to the "natural science" of psychology。One of the most doubts faced from the date of psychology is the question of "science"，In order to allow psychology to become "real science"，Psychological researchers began to move closer to nature science，Scientificism at the methodology level is accepted by mainstream psychology and becomes the methodological principles of mainstream psychology，The direct consequence of its cause is that psychology is built as a natural science，I wiped out the subject characteristics and essence of the psychology itself，Make the development of psychology under the bet365 best casino games shroud of natural sciences。It is worth noting that，Natural science focus on people's natural attributes，and the subjectivity of people、Socialism and other fundamental characteristics are not attentive，At the same time, it uses quantity、Objective empirical method，To ensure the scientific nature of research，The subjectivity of a person cannot be accurately quantified due to the inability to be accurately quantified、It is not in line with the principle of objectivity, but can only be abandoned by mainstream psychology。

　　Interpretation of "People" for mainstream psychology

mainstream psychology advocates natural science，Pursue empirical and quantification，The subjectivity that cannot be objective and quantitative is easy to be forgotten by researchers，The subjectivity of a person is lost in the process of arbitrarily interpretation and shaping，Behavioralism and cognitive psychology, which is in the mainstream, is a typical representative of this research orientation。

First，behavioralism's interpretation of "people": Animals、Machine。The main disadvantage of behavioralism is often criticized by obvious biological tendencies，equal to people and animals，By studying the reaction of mammals to represent the behavior and explanation of people's behavior，Then promote the results of animal research to people，Ignoring people's social historical and subjective initiative。At the same time，Behaviorism describes people as a negative passive machine structure，Simply attributed behavior as a connection of stimulation and reaction，Damage to human subjectivity，shakes the subject's main position。

Counterist pursuit of absolutely objective and weakening the subjective consciousness of people is another manifestation of the subjectivity。Watson once said in the article "Psychology in the Mind Bet365 app download of Behaviorism": "Psychology is actually an experimental branch of natural science，and is pure objective。"He believes that psychology wants to obtain the same position as natural science，During the research process, all subjective concepts and categories must be abandoned outside，The tendency of this weakening consciousness is also reflected in his theoretical point of view，As about emotions。Watson pointed out，Emotion is just a response to specific stimuli，Specific manifestation of a physiological response after being affected by external stimuli，Genetic heartbeat acceleration and other phenomena，Then generate external emotional changes，This process completely denies any role from consciousness and internal sensation。Behaviorism regards people as animals and machinery，Ignoring the consciousness and energy of the subject in the study，Lack of emphasis on subjectivity，On the one hand, it shakes the subject of the person，On the other hand, it is not conducive to the scientific nature of your own research。

2，Information processing cognitive psychology interpretation of "people": Computer。Information processing Cognitive Psychology is the mainstream of modern cognitive psychology，It starts from the perspective of information processing，Take people as an information processing system，Use a computer to simulate human brain，Discussion on people's cognition and internal psychological processes through human -computer categories。Although information processing brings a new research perspective to the field of psychology，But at the same time as the human -machine type，The subjectivity of a person is also worn out a little bit。First，People are a life、Self -conscious individual，It is often accompanied by purpose and plan in the cognitive process，Expressing obvious self bet365 best casino games -energy motion，and the computer can only rely on a single -sedentary instruction and statement，Unable to compare the flexibility when facing people's special problems。Next，Human brain is a structure with precision and complexity，Regiting computers also have essential differences with the human brain，Not to mention that people's cognitive process itself is more complicated，Human brain accepts information from the outside world，Then processing，Converted into an inner psychological activity and ultimately guide people's behavior，In this process，Individual values、Experience and Emotions have a great impact on people's cognition，These are the computers that cannot be done。

Information processing cognitive psychology ignores human subjectivity，It is also reflected in the research method。Cognitive psychology inherits the objective methodology of behavioralism，Also existing mechanicalism、Limitation of objectiveism。Thinking emotion unique to people、Miscellaneous personal experience and flexible energy，High walls that built the difference in human -machine cognitive mode，This is also the difficult gap of the computer。In the field of cognitive psychology, the introduction of computers to the people's cognitive field and comparing the two，The subjective pillar of a person has begun to be crumbling。

　Reflection of the subjective side

While the psychological waves are constantly promoting natural science，Empiricalism occupies the dominant position in the middle and long -term mainstream psychology，The subjectivity of a person is forced to leave the track of psychology，Frequently ignored and slowly moved towards decline。Side of subjectivity and subjectivity，Not conducive to the overall development of psychology，The main manifestations are the following points: first，Natural and objectiveization Bet365 lotto review of psychological research methods。Second，The enthusiastic pursuit of empiricalism and the absolute and objective pursuit will exacerbate the theory of psychology、Method Theory towards bias，Humanism psychology、Critical Psychology、discourse psychology、Social Constructionism、Cultural Psychology, etc., all criticized the mainstream psychology。third，Psychology as an objective science has obvious disadvantages，For example, personal、The core issues such as free will and the unpredictability of human behavior are put on hold more or less。Another，Because human subjectivity does not conform to the principle of "operating and measured" "measurement and measurement"，Its uncertainty、complexity、Unique、Contradictions and dynamics all determine that it cannot be included in the research category of empiricalism。

Psychology uses people as research objects，If you continue to treat people as animals、Computer or other objects to look at，Try to make psychology objective at the cost of losing the subjectivity、Scientific words，That psychology is likely to be decomposed，Lost independence，Gradually evolved into other scientific subsidiaries。The subjective goal of psychology is "Develop a science about people"，But the general assumption (de -subjective) of the above -mentioned scientific inquiry essence hinders the realization of this goal，Psychological studies have long been committed to developing a scientific model with objective value as the core，Often reducing people in psychological activities to secondary status，Ignoring the psychological nature of people，At the same time, the pursuit of absolutely objective pursuit also limits the understanding of people's psychological richness。Because subjectivity can be used as an available resource in psychology，Bet365 app download Make the psychological research process and the result of the result is more context and rich，More authenticly reflects human psychological activities。Objective contradictions of psychological subjects have long been evolved towards the model of "master and guest complementarity"，The subjectivity has re -valued and developed。

　　Return of subjectivity

With the development of mainstream psychology，and the disadvantages of the pursuit of absolute objectivity gradually appear，Ignoring the subjective psychology does not seem to have become better and better on the road of "objective science" as researchers conceived、Go further and go farther，Instead, new problems are constantly emerging，The development of psychology was once in trouble，This prompted psychologists to start thinking: Can psychology be a humanities that are associated with the subject? Some scholars give their own opinions。Delai sharply pointed out，Psychology belongs to humanities science，He connects natural science with interpretation，Link human science with description，I believe that natural science understands the world from the inside，Humanities that describe the world from the outside should also be valued。Since then，Psychology is constantly dialing away the fog under purely objective，Re -incorporate the subjectivity into its own subject construction。

The subjectivity is complex、flow，and personal、Interpersonal and social environment related。In simple terms，The subjectivity refers to special content，Science refers to ordinary things。Psychological Research U.S.，and everyone has their own uniqueness in the psychological process and behavior performance，Respecting the subjectivity of the individual is one of the manifestations of recognition of individual differences，It is also bet365 live casino games the basis for understanding the concept of "people"。Although the subjectivity of a person is so important，But how to better maintain and retain people’s subjectivity in practical research is still a problem in front of modern psychology，You need to further discuss in future research。

　(Author Unit: School of Education, Guangzhou University)