The spread and acceptance of realistic art in China，The influence of the realistic tradition in Chinese art，There is also the result of the reference of the Soviet -Russian art，It is the product of the new cultural movement and Marxist communication。Realist art enriched the main category and propositions of traditional Chinese art theory，The basic mode of Chinese art criticism，conforms to the Chinese Revolution、Need to build and literary development，It shows the innovative nature of creative methods、Openness and tolerance，This is the historical value of realism。In the new era，We want to highlight the banner of art criticism，Lead the development direction of Chinese art in the new era;，Real care and mission of strengthening art; adhere to the actualist position，Correct nihilism in the practice of current art creation、Sensoryism and other tendencies，This is the era of realist art。

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As an art idea，Realism emphasizes art that art reflects real life，and use appropriate styling means to show，Performance of realistic performance，Pay attention to the truth of the details。mid -19th century，French painter Kurber has gradually formed a scientific rational tradition and empirical materialistic attitude formed since Western classicalism，Created a realist genre，Profile to unified life of life and artistic truth，provided realistic templates for the art world。The creative method and ideas of "the truth of life and the truth of art" has already existed in Chinese art traditions。As Han Feizi "Dog and Horse、Ghost Charm Easy "，Cao Boxing "Mistake Pen Flies"，"Yizhou Famous Pictures" records West Shu painter Huang Yan Painting Crane、The story of the "Fake True" of the Bamboo Pheasant。Division Nature in Chinese painting、Write God in shape、Tuzhen, etc., all contain the spirit of realism，Some ideas and principles that embody realism。But as an artistic idea、Method、Position and attitude，Realism is gradually established in the 20th century。

1915，Chen Duxiu published the article "The Education Policy of Today" in "Youth Magazine"，He said: "Only their respect and authenticity，Then people are governed Bet365 lotto review by people ...，Realism，Naturalism，All ideological behavior，Mo Bai Zhi based on real life。"He proposed that realism as the first policy for national education，In fact, he is one of the measures that use realism as a measure to support "Mr. Sai"。1918，Xu Beihong's "Method of Chinese Painting Improvement"，It advocates that Western classical realistic oil paintings as the standard，Improved freehand person painting。After that，He goes to France to study sketches and classical oil paintings，Establish the concept of "Sketch is the foundation of all styling art"。These claims and practice prepare the prerequisite concept and realistic techniques for the upcoming realist art of China in the early 20th century。With the spread of Marxism，In the 1930s, Chinese left -wing art theorists were very concerned about the Soviet Union's realism theoretical movement。1933，Zhou Yang published "About the Realism of Socialism and Romanticism of Revolution"，Reflect real life from artistic authenticity、The combination of realism and romanticism of the revolution、Typical viewing and the shape of the heroic image，Compared the Soviet Union's realism，and propose Sinicization's realist art proposition。At the same time，"Book of Science Art of Art" by Feng Xuefeng，further explained the theory of revolutionary realism。1942，Mao Zedong "Speech at the Yan'an Literature and Art Symposium"，I proposed literary and art to show a public life，Literature and Art Services，Since then, the realistic direction of Chinese art has been established。1950，Soviet artist Maximov at the Oil Painting Training Course organized by the Central Academy of Fine Arts，Introduction to realist oil paintings needed realistic skills，Cultivated a large number of realist painters，Promoting the development of realistic art in China。

　　The realist art of Chinese realism in the 20th centuryhistorical value

The spread of realistic art in China，enriched the theoretical category of traditional art，It affects the criticism of Chinese art; artists pay attention to observing life，Analysis of society，Typical image，Broadly and truly displaying social life，Fixed a colorful social historical picture in a specific era，Therefore, it has precious historical value and social cognitive value。In the creative bet365 best casino games method，Realism of realistic art absorption and borrowing romanticism、Expressionism and other creative methods，With innovation and openness。

One is to enrich the main category and propositions of traditional Chinese art theory。Chinese traditional art theory is developing for a long time、During the evolution process，formed many valuable theoretical categories and propositions with the characteristics of the Chinese nation，such as shape and God、seemingly and true、Reason and method、Article and Context、Elegant and Vulgar、pen and ink、Vivid charm, etc.。These categories and propositions have a profound impact on traditional Chinese painting aesthetic theory。With the spread and development of realism art in China，Some categories and propositions related to it，Ru art typical、Creative method、World View、tendency and other concepts are widely accepted by the art world。Western literary theory has a large number of discussions on typical typical，However, the typical problem is Marxism。Mao Zedong discussed the way of literature and art higher than life -typical。He pointed out，"Literature and art will focus this daily phenomenon，Typical contradictions and struggles，Creation into literary works or art works "。1936，Zhou Yang put forward his own typical view in "Realism"，Typical figures "with a specific era，Features shared by a specific social group，At the same time, he has the individual style that is different from the social group he represented "。It is the interpretation and artistic practice by literary theorists，These theoretical categories and propositions related to realism，It is an unavoidable problem to become Chinese art，thus enriching the main category and propositions of traditional Chinese art theory，Promoting the development of art creation。

Second is the basic mode of Chinese art criticism。Chinese realist art theory also affects the basic mode of Chinese art criticism。Chinese traditional calligraphy and painting appreciation and comments，In addition to the God of God、Artistic Well、elegant、Pen Ink and other art works in the body of the body of art work to examine outside，Also often uses painters and artists、Personality、Born、temperament、Life experience, etc.，The so -called knowing the world。accompanied by the spread of realism，Art and Life、tendency and authenticity、Content and form、The relationship Bet365 lotto review between art and politics has become the main content of the construction of Marxist art，Observe with dialectical materialism and historical materialism、Evaluate Chinese art phenomena and art creation as the mainstream method and attitude，It plays an important role in criticism of Chinese art。

Third is to conform to the Chinese revolution、Need to build and literary development。Chinese court painting mainly serves the royal political documentary、Military Notepad、Cultural Entertainment and other court activities，Reflected the royal aesthetic consciousness。Literary paintings are more to express the qi in the chest of literati、Joining morale，Joining morale、Yipin，Pens and ink fun，Emphasize Shen Yun，Pay attention to calligraphy、Literature and other cultivation and expression of artistic conception in painting。Under the impact of Western trend，The Art Revolution advocates "realism" to improve Chinese painting，It caused a shock in the art world，Its thought was by Xu Beihong、Lin Fengmian、Liu Haisu、Gao Jianfu and others inherited and developed，Face the real theme and realistic technique，laid the foundation for the development of realism。With the deepening of the Chinese social crisis，The focus of the Chinese social movement from cultural enlightenment to the political revolution，The focus of Chinese art also explorates from artistic style and form language，Seeking and adapting to the value of the social value of art。This，Chinese art has shifted from art revolution to revolutionary art，The creative principle of revolutionary art is realism，It can be said that the emergence of realism in China，conforms to the needs of the development of Chinese revolution and Chinese literary and artistic development，is the choice of history and the times。In Yan'an and Liberated Area，Ancient Yuan、Hu Yichuan、Luo Gongliu、Qunqun、Wang -style profiles and other creations created a large number of woodcut prints，Their work vividly reflects the revolutionary appearance of the military and civilians in the Liberated Area.，full of strong life atmosphere and fighting spirit，National liberation and class struggle, the people's labor production and new democratic life become the theme of the work。After the founding of New China，Realist art truly reflects the historical Bet365 app download process of the difficult and twists and turns of the old China and the overwhelming historical changes in New China，The artists have created a group of classic art works，such as Dong Xiwen's "Faculty of the Founding"、Sun Zixi's "Apocalypse in Tiananmen", etc.。

Fourth is the innovation of creative methods、Openness and tolerance。Realist creation method，As far as its spiritual nature is concerned，It has considerable innovation、Openness and tolerance。In artistic thought，Realism requires artistic mastering the world，The real nature and historical essence of the objective world real，and truly express the emotion of the artist's main view of the world、Knowing and attitude。In terms of expression，Realism, although emphasizes realism，But not at realistic，Instead of absorbing and adopting various artistic techniques。After reform and opening up，Artists work hard to explore art style and artistic language，Make realistic art creation continuously to depth、breadth expansion。Such as Jin Shangyi's "Bride Tagik" and "Fruit" and other works，Method of absorbing Western classical painting，Make Chinese portrait oil painting creation a new height; Luo Zhongli's "Father" borrows the technique of photographic realism; Wen Lipeng's "Red Candle" borrows the artistic language of expressionism and symbolism，It is extremely expressive and deep; Chen Danqing's "Tibetan Painting" borrows some methods of naturalism; Qian Shaowu's "Li Dazhao Monument" absorbs certain factors of cubism。Visible，Realist art takes root in real life，Start from real social life，Traditionally inherited and developing realistic tradition，Absorbing romanticism、expressionism、symbolism and other elements and art experience，So as to be innovative、Openness and tolerance，This is also the reason why realism has strong vitality。

　　The era of realist art in China

Banner of Gao Yang's criticism of art，Leading the development direction of Chinese art in the new era。Traditional Chinese painting has a traditional score review，From pen and ink and cultivation、Homing and God，Divide the work into "Yi、God、Miao、Energy "Four items。But with oil painting、Watercolor、Installation art and other paintings、The increase and richness of the door class，Art School、Graise of artistic style，Traditional evaluation methods obviously not adapt to the new situation。bet365 live casino games Under the conditions of the market economy，Art criticism standards and guidelines are also chaotic。In the new era，Realist art must continue to criticize the banner，Follow and criticize this "weapon"，Grasp the "steering wheel" of the comments，Use history、The people's、Art、Aesthetic viewpoint judgment and appreciation works，Build a good cultural ecology，Promote art criticism with criticism of criticism，to promote the health of the literary and art cause、Prosperous Development。

Rooting realistic tradition，Real care and mission of strengthening art。Realist art with realistic tradition and authenticity，Pursuing Truthfulness, Charity and Beauty。But the authenticity of realism，Not a simple imitation and copy of life，It is not stiff logical reasoning and scientific judgment，Instead, describe life by real reproduction of typical characters in typical environments，It is the painter's understanding and perception of social life。The good pursuit of realism，refers to art to reflect the respect of life、The pursuit of moral ideals、The yearning for a happy life，Reflection of moral power。No good in art works，It is difficult to move people，Its educational value cannot be achieved。On the basis of true goodness，Art works fully reflect artistic quality，Give people spiritual pleasure，This is beauty，Specific reflection of formal beauty、Beauty of Artistic State、Beauty of the image。Art creators only take root in people's life and social practice，Through the in -depth mining and comprehensive observation of life and human nature，Caring for the fate of the people and even human beings，Works can respond to people's expectations，Complete the mission to pass the truth, goodness and beauty。

Persevere in realism，Correct nihilism in the practice of current art creation、Sensoryism and other tendencies。After reform and opening up，Post -modern art rise，Its significant feature is the uncertainty of meaning。In postmodern art，No more fixed rules and standards，Everything is changing，The significance of art works is also uncertain。Postmodernism of traditional art，Solving、Diluted the social functions and recognition functions of art。Realist art based on social life，Always stick to its historical and social value，Play bet365 Play online games the spirit of criticism，helps to correct the tendency of nihilism in art theory and creation。Consumerism、Postmodernism has led some art workers to abandon the aesthetic and thoughts in art creation，blindly catering to the market。They no longer care about social life，Blind making gimmick，deliberately catering to some vulgar fun，The humanistic feelings of eliminating the art of art、Responsibility and mission。In the new era，Artists only adhere to realistic art position，Performing social responsibility，Adhering to the correct view of righteousness，Establish a lofty artistic ideal and value pursuit，Focus on expressing real life，Correctly handle the relationship between art and life，Only to create more people's inspection、Boutique masterpieces of historical test，can we usher in the peak of art creation。

(This article is the theoretical and practical research of the teaching research and reform of Hunan University of Science and Technology "the theoretical and practical study of the integration of the teaching of art disciplines" (916-G31832) in the phased achievement)

(Author Unit: Academy of Art of Hunan University of Science and Technology)