Boblo Neruda is a well -known contemporary Chilean poet，At the age of 13, he started publishing poems，19 years old published a collection of poems "Dusk"，The 20 -year -old is well -known for its famous work "Twenty Love Poems and a Desperate Song".。1928 Neruda entered the diplomatic community，I have been in Myanmar、Ceylon、Indonesia、Spain and other places to work，In the meantime, a large number of revolutionary poems such as "Spain in my heart" and "Man Song"，Won the Chile National Literature Award in 1945，1971 won the Nobel Prize in Literature。Due to his huge influence in the history of Latin American literature，It was evaluated by Garcia Marquez as "the greatest poet in all languages ​​in the twentieth century"。

For Chinese readers，When it comes to Neruda，The first thing you think of is his most well -known love poem "Twenty Love Poems and a Desperate Song" (hereinafter referred to as "Love Poems")，So many domestic young readers only know that he is a love poet，But he is also a political poet，A real patriotic fighter。Neruda opposed the war，Pursue peace，Praise light and justice，His poetry is impassioned，铿 powerful，Stiring people's heart，"The fate and dream of a recovery of the mainland"。

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Neruda's early creation of the love poem "Love Poem" is the eloquent germination of his younger bet365 best casino games period、Youth Notice for Pursuing Love，The verse is naturally smooth、Simplicate Wuhua、Exquisite rhythm、Exquisite rhythm、Beautiful artistic conception，It is widely read in Latin America。With Neruda engaged in various diplomatic and political activities，He started to pay attention to the hard work of the hard work，The theme of poetry is gradually transferred，Shin from expressing the feelings of men and women to singing to ordinary people。1934，Fascism is very loud，Start at that time，Neruda has a new understanding of her duties。He wrote: "The honor of the poet is on the street，Go to participate in this or that kind of battle。"The war in full swing in the fire stabbed Neruda’s heart，Passion that makes him ignite justice。Especially witnessed that the best friend Lorga was shot and killed，His sadness in his heart，So the grief and anger into the verse，Starting the creation of political poetry。The poem "Angry and Pain" created by Neruda in 1934 marks the beginning of the creative theme and content transformation。When recalling the creation of this poem，He wrote: "This poem is written in Spain，Now there is a ruins here。唉! If you use some poems and love to calm the anger in the world，How good should it be! However, only by fighting and determination can it be done。The world has changed，My poem has also changed。”

The poem "Spain in my heart" published by Neruda in 1937 shows it in front of the world with a new look，Represents the fundamental change of its creative Bet365 lotto review content。"You will ask me: your poems/why don't tell your dreams、Leaf/and the volcano of your motherland ... Look at the blood on the street/Come and see the blood flowing on the ground。"This collection of poems criticized the fascist atrocities，Expressing deep sympathy for the Spanish people，praise the heroic struggle of the soldiers。Since then，The poet enters the golden period of poetry creation，From 1936 to 1961，He has created immortal political poems such as "Singing Stalin", "Anti -Metrician Wake up", "Vineyard and Wind" and "Wind Songs"。Among them, the most representative of which is his 10 -year -old worker -"Man Song"。This epic work is the pinnacle of Neruda，Unprecedented scale and depth，and a unique creative method shows a gorgeous colorful、Morganization、A majestic Latin America Humanities History Picture。

　　A new political lyric poem

　　In "Love Poem"，Neruda trys to get rid of the restraint of realism，Use symbol、Metaphorical method，Combined with soil、Stars、waves、Dewdrop and other natural scenes to create，Show symbolicism to the fullest。After that，Neruda went to the mysterious oriental country as a diplomat。At that time, the West is popular with surrealist ideology，Neruda tried to express the sense of loneliness and sadness of sorrow and sorrow。The masterpiece of this style "Residence on the Earth" Although the appearance is novel，But because of excessive pursuit of "novel" artistic effect，It is slightly obscure and difficult to understand，Lack of logic。

With the huge change of poetry theme and content，Neruda's poetic style has also begun to change。In the early stage of political poetry creation，Neruda still continues the previous symbolic style，But some of these metaphors and suggestions are not easy to be understood by ordinary people。Neruda deeply realizes the shortcomings of the original expression，Can't achieve the expected social effect，It is not possible to resonate with people，So I started to study the way of expression that is more suitable for political poetry。In this regard，He mainly borrowed the style of the three foreign poets。One is the American poet Whitman，Neruda has kindly called him "Brother Wisdom"，and learned the form of the free body from him。When talking about the change of poetic style，Neruda said: "Give me the voice of you (Whitman)，Give me the power that bury you in the soil ... "，Neruda directly borrowed Whitman's row sentences: "Book is as glorious as a monument。/Each book records a hero。/Each book contains a story of death。/Each book represents a petal piece of this eternal glory。"Another poet who gave him a huge inspiration was the Soviet Marcovsky，Its political poems are full of passion，Not mechanically "shouting slogans"。Neruda understands from his poems how to turn passion into the poem。He wrote: "His (Ma Yakovsky) sounds like a carpenter's hammer。The poet stretches out his hand，Stretching to the collective heart，He found the power here，enough bet365 best casino games to create a new melody。""，Neruda also appreciates the political sensitivity and spoken expression in Mariakovsky's poems。To improve the expression of symbolism，Neruda also imitates the traditional rumor style of Spanish poet Lorga，To break the inherent formalism in symbolism，At the same time，Make obscure metaphors and metaphors more vivid and specific，Easy to understand，Formed a profound meaning、It is easy to understand、Unique style with a strong sense of rhythm。For example, "Spain is in my heart"，To express love for Spain，Neruda used a series of vivid and exquisite metaphors，Sentence symmetrical and rhythmic rhythm: "Oh，Spain，Black yellow jade! /Red and hard pomegranate fruit!，You are the pillar and backbone of the world，//You are a guitar that has been burned red，//You will not be extinguished by the flame，/You are my beloved gem。"is exactly the enlightenment of these three poets，Neruda gradually explores her own road，Open the new situation of the Latin American political lyric poems。

　　Uncontroller with China

Neruda visited China three times，Formed a fate with China。1928，He stayed in China for a few days when he served as a consul in Southeast Asia，The travel notes written during the meter published on the Chilean "National News"。The second visit to China was in 1951，He came to Beijing to meet Song Qingling，I will award the "Lenin Peace Award"。At the award ceremony，He recited the "Awards to Mrs. Sun Yixian" for bet365 Play online games this。During the visit to China，Neruda met Ding Ling、Mao Dun、Ai Qing、Xiao San and other Chinese writers and poets。In order to promote cultural exchanges between China and Zhi and China，Neruda and former Chile President Aliande and famous Chilean painter Wanwelley founded the earliest Latin American friendly organization "Chile -Chinese Culture Association" in 1952，So far, it has played a positive role in exchanges and cooperation between China and Zhi.。1957，Neruda during the third visit to China，Come to Chongqing，I visited the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River in the cruise ship，Terminate the humanistic and historical style of the millennium ancient country，I have a new understanding of this mysterious land in China。

Neruda's three visits to China made him have deep feelings for China，It also inspired his creative passion。At that time, China just achieved the revolutionary victory.，He is greatly encouraged in his mind and spirit，With the beautiful expectations of the revolution，The Poetry of the Creative Group "Keeping to China"，Expressing my deep care of the Chinese people and the beautiful longing for communism，included in the Poetry Collection "Vineyard and Wind"。In the poem "Giant" in it，He compares China as a "tall giant"，At this time, China has achieved a phased victory under the leadership of the Communist Party，"Growing up step by step" has aroused the attention of the people of the world。Neruda is both a great poet in the history of Latin American literature，It is also bet365 Play online games a model of the era of the 20th century。He linked his personal destiny with human destiny，Written revolutionary passion and political beliefs into poetry，Bring the Voice of Justice for the "Lost People with Sound"，Give them courage and hope，Inspired the people in the direction of light。

(Author Unit: School of Foreign Languages ​​from Fujian Normal University)