Chinese opera has a long history，At first it was a song and dance，After the Han and Tang Dynasties evolved，Developed into comprehensive opera art from the Song Dynasty，It is a literary form that integrates visual art and hearing art。Cheng Yun defines the opera as，Breeding in China、The traditional drama categories of various nations exist。Ye Changhai thinks，Traditional Chinese Drama Class is a kind of literature、Music、Dance、Art、Acrobatic and other factors，and the overall performance art of singing and dancing as the main expression。

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Chinese opera through various means，If I refine、Exaggerated、Transformation、Virtual, etc.，Reality from different angles，Gradually form its own particularity。First，Baili Miscellaneous。There are comprehensive music、Dance、Acrobatic、martial arts、funny performances and other forms。2，rooting native。There are singing and white、There are songs and dance，Language is vivid，Local color is strong。third，Cultural and military emphasis。Different from ancient Greek drama and Western operas, the main performance method，The traditional Chinese opera expression limb (body) body language is the unique performance skills and narrative methods。Fourth，Quartet One。Four -sex is imagination、Virtual、Freehando、Performance，Artistic of real life。

where，Especially worthy of further excavation is the special nature of traditional Chinese opera's own language and Bet365 app download text。First，Pay attention to literary and artistic attention。Literate to real life、artistic，Nianbai and singing sections are often written in poems，Also with the long time existing poetry、Ci Fu Mutual Text，Even the phenomenon of a new poem is often combined with historical poems to form a new poem，Unique aesthetic value。2，Introduction to the attention of language polishing。Words can flexibly choose classical Chinese and vernacular as needed，And you can also flexibly combine the two，Its poetic singing rhythm has a strong sense of rhythm，Various rhythm mode，Sometimes you can still be grasped by actor improvisation with actual performances。third，Pay attention to character characteristics and dynamic characteristics。Stage character display character identity，Its language has character characteristics and dynamics。The dynamic characteristics of the drama are characterized by its expression，Can shape the character image and psychological activity，Show the contradiction and conflict of drama，Rich character emotion，Make the storyline more tortuous、Vivid。Any classic script，All these features are reflected。Even in modern opera，This feature is still clearly visible。Stage language display character character，The character language should express character personality，Highness and cultural literacy of the role of character status。Fourth，Pay attention to the combination of characters and language。Characteristic characteristics of character language display。Each character has the characteristics of its professional identity。For example，Officials and followers、commander and military division，Bet365 lotto review Its language has professional characteristics，Even the sentence pattern of professional character language has distinctive characteristics。Fifth，Pay attention to the language (body) body language。programmatic limbs (body) body language is a typical performance features of traditional opera，rich virtuality，Expressive strength。For example，Open the door and close the door、Paper Walking Boat、Spur the horse、Paper Walking Boat、Lift the sedan to take a sedan and other basic actions。These characteristics of traditional Chinese opera，Often surprised foreign audiences。

　Drama Translation and Chinese Opera Translation

Drama translation is generated with the birth of the translation。Ancient Greek tragedy can be spread without translation，and Western drama entering China or Chinese drama cannot be separated from translation。

Translation of Chinese opera，Is Western missionary、Diplomats and Sinologists first performed。The first Chinese drama they translated is "Zhao's Orphan"，Translated into French in succession、English and other languages。But most translators are easy to avoid refuge，Only translated dialogue，No translation。Visible，Their strategy is to move closer to the translation。Later，The strategy of their translations of other Chinese dramas is also similar。and some Chinese translators have innovated when translating Chinese drama into foreign languages，tend to adopt a complete transplant strategy，Whether it is the festival and the full translation, maintain the integrity of the selected text，and theoretical theory of your own experience，Deepen the understanding of the translation theory of "Cindaa"，Think "letter" is fundamental、Especially for Ya、"Ya" is level，Keeping bet365 live casino games innovation with this。Especially for Ya，I have got rid of the understanding of narrow machinery，Shi Ya Shiya，It is not forcibly elegant when it should not be elegant，Taking loyalty to the original text。

Chinese translators have gradually formed their own practice -based translation theory。For example，Xu Yuanchong's ideological theoreticalization summarized from poetry translation，Also used for its drama translation，Pursuing the beauty of translation、Yin beauty and shape; Wang Rongpei's translation of poems theory，It is also used for its translation of classical drama; Li Zhengluo summarizes the thinking formed from the practice of poetry translation into the principles of loyalty to，Applicated in its opera translation，It can be said that its opera translation results are verification of the principles of translation。

　　Translation strategy of Chinese opera

The strategy adopted by Chinese and foreign translators varies from time to place due to time: someone deletes the original，If only translations are not translated，or only festival translation; some people turn the opera text into prose; some people alienate，Someone returns，There are also people who are alienated naturalized and used。As for skills，is literal translation、Free translation、Slightly translation、Adult translation and different methods。Overall，Opera translation should be to reproduce the taste of the show，I want to interpret the ideological content of the same place，It is also necessary to take care of the reading habits of translation readers。To make the translation and pass the original style of opera，Pay attention to the following factors and take the corresponding strategy。

First，Keep consistent bet365 best casino games with the author's creative intention。Emphasize the understanding of the translator's understanding and the author's understanding，Because understanding is the basis of translation，If the understanding of the translator has a big gap with the author's creative intention，It cannot guarantee the accuracy of the translation。

Second，Pay attention to the style and tone of the original work。When the original work is simple，Translation is not to be embarrassed; the original tone is full of praise or irony，Translation should not be wiped out，but try to reproduce as much as possible。

third，Pay attention to retain the original composition category and style。The original work is poetry，Translation should also be poetry，Do not translate poems into prose，and the translation of the original rhyme should also be rhyme。The original work is prose time，Translation does not need to be translated into a poem。

Fourth，Pay attention to transplanting the original culture to promote cultural exchanges and civilization mutual learning。For example，In terms of Chinese cultural allusions，You can adopt the strategy of full -time literal translation of alienation strategies and ducts。The alienation strategy of full -time literal translation is to move closer to the original text，Originally presented the Different Delivery Eye、Name and meaning，Readers can in -depth understanding of the actual meaning of this allusions by checking the relevant information。The strategy of the text in the text is a strategy that moves closer to the reader，It can be called a naturalized strategy，Only explain the meaning of the original allusion，No longer uses the words and names or place names of the original allusion，Save translation of readers to understand the energy of allusions，But the translation bet365 best casino games of language culture has a certain degree of loss。Faithful and other principles pursue the translation style and the original style of the original style，The effect of the translation of translation on the readers of the translation is generally consistent with the effect of the original reader of the original text。Cultural transplantation is an important requirement of this principle，Random changing the original culture is disrespect for translation of language culture。

other，Also try to strive to translate in play。In addition to paying attention to the above four factors，Also retain the taste of the show，Especially the taste of lyrics。Since most of the singing words are close to poetry，and very literary，Should try its best to restore its style，Strike the strategy of translating poems with poetry。If you follow the aria for translation，The effect will be better，But the difficulty is too great。Therefore，We may wish to make appropriate changes in the singing，Only turn it around，Apply some words，Sacrifice some details，Just like a translation song。but，Even if it can be translated according to the aria，The effect of singing with foreign language is not necessarily ideal。Therefore，It is better to replace a strategy，Let the translation appear in the form of subtitles，Starting on both sides of the stage during performance。Kunqu (drama) can be welcomed internationally，to a large extent is because the translation strategy of subtitles and performances is used。Although it is difficult to translate with the show，But it is significant，Strive to dedicate the opera to the reader of the translation in the original loyalty and other places in the original place，Make sure bet365 best casino games to accurately spread Chinese opera culture。

　(This article is the State Social Science Foundation Project "Research on the Translation and Communication of Lefu Poetry in Human Destiny Community" (2020BYY038) phased achievement)

(Author Unit: School of Foreign Languages ​​from Hebei Normal University)