Diren's re -disciples、One of the representatives of the Delai School OTTO Friedrich Bollnow in his research on Dilai's monograph "Dilai Philosophy" (1936)，Deliven it as a life philosopher and interpretation of life。This book lays a paradigm for the research of Deltai philosophy to some extent。Began from Heidegger、Gadamer's further improved philosophical interpretation also respects Dilai's thought source。Traditional interpretation theory first emphasizes text interpretation，But Delai expands the scope of interpretation。Not only text can be called an object of understanding，I am rather，Understand for all life expression。Further,，Where to，The main function of the interpretation is to determine the methodology for the foundation of psychiatry。It is worth pointing out，Dilai's construction of psychiatric science has two different ways: psychology entering and interpretation of learning.。Delai students such as Georg Misch and Bernhard GroETHUYSEN believe，The late thought of Dilai has "interpretation of learning steering"，That is, the way from psychology to the road to interpretation academic road。This determines the division and cognitive framework of Dilai philosophy to some extent。

The argument of psychological entry is based on，Although the research object of psychiatric science is bet365 best casino games society、People in history，But the foundation lies in the individual's psychological activities and mental state。Of course，This is not an explanatory psychology (Erkl? 觌 Rende Psychology)，but describing psychology (Beschreibende Psychology)。Explanation of psychology based on natural scientific explanation method，The main method is analysis and comprehensive。Although it understands the spiritual life as a whole，But this whole is a compound overall，The overall reorganization based on individual psychological facts and behavioral patterns。Dilai obviously oppose the overall in this sense，He believes that psychological activity itself is the overall source，​​that is, as an overall association experience (Ericbnis)。The basic object of describing psychology is to experience the overall life，The method is to think of life (SELBSTBESINNUNG)。Description Psychology is also a kind of understanding of psychology (Verstehende Psychology)，That is, in its structural association，Understand the experience of life based on life。In this sense，Psychology is the basis of interpretation。

The "Interpretation of Academic Entry Road" in the late Dilai's "Interpretation of the Road" has broaden the early psychological entry。Its core question is，How is understanding? Or，How to ensure the objectivity of understanding? This problem is even more prominent in understanding of others: How do we understand others?。Our understanding of others，Based on our bet365 live casino games own experience。Others are another "yourself"，So the understanding of others is achieved by the analogy of "self -understanding"，The basic way is empathy。The question is，Emotional understanding can certainly pass through emotional，But can the recognition understanding only use this "analog reasoning"? also，Analog reasoning preset that my psychological structure of myself and others is the same，Of course, this is of course right，but not exactly the same way。For example，People with different cultural backgrounds，Some aspects cannot be understood by analogy。In short,，Psychology road will be limited to pure psychological understanding，It is some kind of narrowization of understanding。

The interpretation of the late Dilai's interpretation of the road provides another set of answers for this question。Where，The interaction of experience and understanding is expanded into a triple structure，Experience、Association of expression and understanding。Here，The introduction of "expression" is the key。Expression is the externalization and objectiveization of experience，and it constitutes the carrier of meaning、Objects of understanding。and，Intermediaries expressing as experience and understanding are indispensable。Delai thinks，Experience itself is uncomfortable，Only with the help of expression，We can understand the experience。That is to say，The understanding of experience is the understanding of the expression of experience，Bet365 app download All understanding is the understanding of expression。If the experience is still subjective，So "expression" as an objectiveization of experience，already has some kind of inter -subjectivity and even objectivity。In this sense，With expression，Dilai guarantees the objectivity of understanding。

The spiritual world of "expression"，Not a purely subjective spiritual world，It is not an external object in nature，but the product created by people。Expressing different types，Dilai roughly distinguished three different expressions: Action、expression of theory and experience。As a concept、Proposition、The expression of theory is pure and objective，If mathematical axiom does not follow time、Displaying locations; the expression of action as action is a complete situation，It depends on specific situations。Delai attaches importance to the expression of experience: it is neither completely objective，It is not completely situation，Instead of between the two。It has a certain situation characteristics，But surpassing specific situations，Get some relative constant nature。For example，A piece of art work，It is created by the artist，But once it is created，It is separated from specific creative activities，and obtained relative constantability，As a fixed object, it becomes an object that has been repeatedly explained later。So，We often say，"We can better understand its works than the author"。A work，Once created，It is separated from the bet365 live casino games author and its spiritual activities。And on the one hand, we can better grasp its background premise than the author，Because these background knowledge is sometimes subtle，Not known to the author's own; on the other hand，What the author wants to express and what presented in its expression is often not the same thing，Great works have unlimited interpretation space，This means，We can interpret things that transcend the author's intention from it。

It is here，Dilai introduced the concept of objective spirit。Objective spirit is an expression，But it is not an individual life expression，Instead of multiple expression of interweaving status and the overall connection contained in it。In short，This is a cultural atmosphere，Or cultural -Linguistic entity。The word "objective spirit"，originated from Hegel，But it has a wider meaning than the use of Hegel，It not only includes law、Moral、Ethics、Country，It also includes things that Hegel gives absolute spirit，Ru art、Religion and philosophy。Hegel's objective spirit around the rational self -movement，and Dilai believes that the starting point of the objective spirit is life，Therefore, it also includes irrational elements。All the continuous spiritual creators based on common life、The continuous objectiveization of the spirit in social products constitute an objective spirit。In this sense，Objective spirit as the expression of historic -social life process，The object of psychiatric science。

On the one hand，Objective bet365 best casino games spirit as a historic expression，The characteristics of no eternal truth。That is to say，Objective spirit accompanies the rise of historical consciousness，It is historic、Occasionally、relative，Depending on its specific association。But on the other hand，It has general validity to some extent。You can see，Introduction to the objective spirit，Delai indicates，The object of psychiatry is not just an individual，It can also be universal、General structure。For example，We need to understand a piece of art work，Except for empathy to the author's spiritual world to re -experience，Also understand the cultural background of the era created by art works。That is to say，Psychiatric scientists have to face the universal person，A general proposition。You can see，Individuals for external culture、Society、Religious conditions cannot be dominated，The latter has a great impact on the individual。This means，Objective spirit is always reflected in some subjective expression，At the same time, there are some features that transcend the subject，In addition to the control ability of the subject。

Introduction to the introduction of "expression" and "objective spirit"，Dilai provides another answer to understanding others，An intermediary of the objective spirit。The cultural background we was born and embedded in it constituted our meaning field，That is our "former understanding"。This "pre -understanding" makes us understand the expression of individual bet365 Play online games life as possible。Through interpretation of learning to enter the way，Delai overcomes the limitations and problems of "analogy reasoning" in the road of psychology，So provides another answer for the objectivity of understanding。

　　bet365 Play online games

(Author Unit: Department of Philosophy of Hunan University)