Western philosophy has always paid close attention to the issue of free will，But I can’t even tell whether bet365 bonus code louisiana exists or not，The result is that this very ordinary life phenomenon is cast with an impenetrable charm。To this，Even the masters of thought are at a loss，For example, Kant admits that the existence of freedom cannot be proved，Mill believes that freedom of will has nothing to do with actual freedom，Berlin pointed out that freedom is a vague term that can be interpreted in any way，Hayek even lamented that its definition is so broad that bet365 bonus code louisiana cannot be achieved。However，If the charm problem like how many angels can stand on the tip of a needle is mainly caused by the interference of non-cognitive needs，The issue of the charm of free will is relatively lacking in similar influencing factors，That’s why many philosophers and scientists are stuck in the quagmire of thinking。Therefore，Our efforts to dispel this temptation should be targeted to the situation，Start by clarifying where their thirst for knowledge went astray。

Since ancient Greek philosophy equated necessity with fate from the very beginning，Failed to distinguish the subtle similarities and differences between the inevitable in the cognitive dimension and the irresistible in the volitional dimension，Therefore, Western academic circles always tend to regard "whatever you want，The free will of “doing whatever you don’t want to do” and “it may be so”，This may or may not be the case” is confused with random chance，Compare the former with "it must be so"，The causal inevitability of "it can't be otherwise" is opposed。In the context of rational philosophy，This binary opposition has a bit of black humor，Because human reason can only understand the certainty of cause and effect，I am helpless when encountering random uncertainties。In fact，Even if you just use rational thinking to "define" random chance，That is to say, bet365 bonus code louisiana subject to the inevitable regulations of cause and effect，That is to say, bet365 bonus code louisiana identified as "certain" in terms of "uncertain"。For that matter，Going to the extreme to assert that free will is "a random accident that is not necessarily determined by any cause and effect"，Obviously bet365 bonus code louisiana a round square，Because such a thing is exactly the object of Wittgenstein's declaration that "we must remain silent"，There is absolutely nothing to say about it，To say so is to make it subject to the inevitable rules of cause and effect。Unfortunately，For two thousand years, Western philosophy has been talking about the issue of free will around this unspeakable thing，That’s why the more you talk, the more confused you become，I don’t even know where I am talking。

In view of this，We want to solve the mystery of free will，We should start with the anti-binary opposition structure，Reveal its deterministic causal connection with rational thinking，Especially grasp the pivotal role that "need" plays in this relationship。According to biological explanation，Needs are always formed because something is missing in the organism，Otherwise, there would be no "want" on the basis of "need"。At this point，The pictographic structure of the word "desire" is very instructive: once a person is short of millet，There will be corresponding demands。Of course，Human beings are not only more developed than other animals in terms of psychological functions，And it greatly broadens the field of survival，Except for utilitarian material needs，And morality、Cognition、Spiritual needs such as faith，And be able to transform them into "want-will (will)" in the conscious mind，Then push yourself to engage in various behaviors with the help of emotions and the guidance of cognition，Get what you need to maintain your existence。In this sense，“Freedom” is nothing but an inherent attribute that “will” must have，I want my “needs” to be fully realized。In other words，bet365 bonus code louisiana precisely because of the lack of my own existence，Only then can people form the "want-will" to pursue freedom；The more serious the deficiency is，The stronger people’s pursuit of freedom is in “want-will”。

Look from here，Rousseau’s famous saying “Man is born free，But he is always under shackles”，And Sartre’s similar proposition “I am destined to be free”，Although it sounds a bit mysterious，But bet365 bonus code louisiana completely feasible in the following sense: arbitrary and willful free will from the moment it arises，Wear the shackles of "lack-need" created by the inevitable chain of cause and effect，Otherwise it would not have been produced。So，People are also destined to pursue freedom as they please，Only in order to make up for one's own shortcomings，Maintain one's own existence。The two principles of human logic are also established in the inevitable chain of cause and effect: first，Free will must tend toward good things that help satisfy needs，Avoid bad things that hinder the satisfaction of needs；Secondly，In case of conflict，Free will must be to obtain important good things，Don’t hesitate to give up lesser good things。Otherwise，Violates these two principles，Not only are people unable to make up for their own shortcomings，On the contrary, your own existence will be seriously damaged。

If we confirm another difficult mystery of "need" in philosophy - the mediating effect in the relationship between "is and should" (only by relying on need can people deduce value from facts)，The mysterious charm that Western philosophy has placed on free will will disappear: any value in life，No matter positive or negative，Whether instrumental or purposeful，bet365 bonus code louisiana inseparable from the ultimate source of free will rooted in the "lack-need" chain。Accordingly，As the total value of life，The essence of freedom does not lie in being "free from the shackles of the inevitable chain of cause and effect" in a random and accidental way，bet365 bonus code louisiana about “freeing yourself from the shackles of lack-need” in a way that is consistent with human logic。To put it bluntly，Getting rid of the shackles of the inevitable chain of cause and effect will only make people fall into the randomness of running around like a headless fly，No value at all；Getting rid of the shackles of "lack-need" can allow people to overcome their own limitations，Enrich your own existence，The value is self-evident。You may wish to ask yourself: whether bet365 bonus code louisiana freedom in the market or freedom in marriage，Whether bet365 bonus code louisiana cognitive freedom or creative freedom，What kind of freedom do you desire to achieve in life，The purpose is to make people become random things，Instead of letting people achieve arbitrary demands？

　In this sense，Freedom is certainly not what Western scholars advocate，Although bet365 bonus code louisiana infinitely beautiful，But no matter how you explain it, you can，The ivory tower ideal that cannot be realized。Rather，bet365 bonus code louisiana the ordinary value of life，Ordinary to the point where I can’t leave even for a moment。The reason is simple: a person may not be able to achieve (or even often have to give up) this or that specific freedom value in real life，But bet365 bonus code louisiana impossible to have no free value at all。Because of that，He will have no way to make up for his shortcomings、Meet your own needs、Maintaining one's own existence。In other words，bet365 bonus code louisiana precisely because of the "lack of need" in life，That’s why “free will” exists，So "freedom" is "indispensable" to life，So much so that it can be said that the entire content of life lies in the pursuit of freedom，In other words, the pursuit of freedom constitutes the entire content of life。Look further，Does a person’s life have value and meaning、Isn’t it colorful，In the final analysis, it depends on whether he has realized his pursuit of freedom，Are the freedom types achieved colorfully?。

Now we can directly answer the difficult question that has always puzzled Western philosophers: rooted in the causal chain of "lack-need"，The existence of free will is possible，bet365 bonus code louisiana inevitable again，Still necessary，Otherwise it would be impossible to live in this world。In the final analysis，No matter what is missing in life，bet365 bonus code louisiana possible to make up for it by appealing to free will；The only thing missing is free will，Man is missing everything that makes him human，I can no longer maintain my existence as a human being。For that matter，Due to the required hub effect，People’s free will in the value dimension and people’s ontological existence in the fact dimension are not binary opposites，But it can achieve inner unity。So，Today bet365 bonus code louisiana necessary for us to break the superstitious worship of the various charms of Western philosophy，In-depth revelation of the true nature of freedom of will and freedom of reality，Thus laying a solid factual basis for further exploring various issues of ought value。

　(Author’s affiliation: Institute for Advanced Study of bet365 bonus code louisiana, Fudan University)