As a practical thing,In ancient China, seals have been worn for a long time for use。Therefore,For portability,Most of the bet365 mobile betting buttons have perforations for tying the bet365 mobile betting ribbon。
However,There is also a buttonless bet365 mobile betting in ancient seals,Generally private printing,Mostly flat square,A few are square、Rectangle、Cylinder or elliptical cylinder and other shapes,Perforated on the opposite side of the bet365 mobile betting for easy wearing,So it is called the belt bet365 mobile betting (about the shape of the belt bet365 mobile betting,Please refer to the "Threading bet365 mobile betting" article in Ye Qifeng's "Ancient Seals and Identification of Ancient Seals")。simultaneously,Due to the bet365 mobile betting、Images and other content are often engraved on the upper and lower printing surfaces,So it is also called double-sided bet365 mobile betting。for example,Ma Guoquan said in "Introduction to Han bet365 mobile betting": "Double-sided bet365 mobile betting,Also known as the belt bet365 mobile betting。Founded in the Warring States Period,Popular in the Han Dynasty。Square and flat,Seals engraved on both sides,There is a flat hole across the middle,There are also those with round holes,To put on the belt,For wearing purpose。”
Judging from the information available so far,It can be determined that the belt bet365 mobile betting appeared in the pre-Qin era。For example, the Palace Museum has collections of "Dian Gang·Jing", "Shi□·□", "Hou□Bang·Hou□□", "□Moonlight·Private Sentences" ("Selection of Ancient Seals from the Palace Museum"),"Dongfang Wei Wei" double-sided Warring States Ancient Seals collected by Tianjin Art Museum ("Selection of Ancient Seals Collection of Tianjin Art Museum")。Affected by the shape of the bet365 mobile betting,Most of the perforations with seals are generally flat and square in shape,Those with circular perforations also have single holes、Double holes。Perforated shape、Difference in quantity,It also reflects the difference of the times: "Warring States、Qin square belt bet365 mobile betting,The seals of the Qin Dynasty and Han Dynasty are all flat and square。” ("Ancient bet365 mobile betting and Ancient bet365 mobile betting Identification") such as the belt bet365 mobile betting included in "Selection of Ancient Seals Collected by the Palace Museum",The double-sided bet365 mobile betting "Wang Yang·Chen Yang" (pictured) in the Qin Dynasty is a round double hole;The Han bet365 mobile betting "Sun Gui Sun Fu" has a flat hole。
Since most of the surviving belt seals are double-sided seals,So academic circles often directly equate the two。But,Judging from the various unearthed and handed down materials currently disclosed,Ancient actual belt bet365 mobile betting,There are also a certain number of single-sided printing、Three-sided printing and four-sided printing。In other words,Except for the two sides of the perforation,Threading printing has the possibility of engraving text or patterns on one side or multiple sides。
For example,The belt-wearing bet365 mobile betting unearthed and recorded in the past,One side is printed with the "Fang Jiangji" bronze bet365 mobile betting collected by the Palace Museum ("Selection of Ancient Seals Collection of the Palace Museum")、The ancient bet365 mobile betting of the Three Jin Dynasties "Xiao (Zhao) Chun" collected by Zhen Qin Zhai ("Zhen Qin Zhai Zhen Zhen·Warring States Chapter")、The "Chun Yu Chun" copper bet365 mobile betting collected by the Art Museum of the Chinese University of Hong Kong ("bet365 mobile betting Collection of the Art Museum of the Chinese University of Hong Kong")、"Cao Xi" copper seals collected by Nanjing Museum ("Selected Seals Collection of Nanjing Museum");There are Chinese seals printed on three sides: "Gong Fu·Gong Shaogong·Gong Shaojun" ("Han bet365 mobile betting Collection of Xiwu Youzhai Copy")、Han bet365 mobile betting "Zan Chang Sun Yin·Zan De·Chen De" ("Collection of Seals Unearthed in the 20th Century")、Han bet365 mobile betting "Duan Xuan Private Collection·Duan Xuan·Duan Changsun" ("Dafengtang Ancient bet365 mobile betting Ju");The bet365 mobile betting of Chu is printed on all sides "Zangtao·Zang□·Yours sincerely·Xinxi" ("Zhen Qinzhai bet365 mobile betting·Warring States Chapter"),Han bet365 mobile betting "Hou Ying·Image·Image·Image" ("Hunan Ancient bet365 mobile betting"), etc.。
Except for the belt bet365 mobile betting used alone,Can also be used as a component of overprinting (primary and secondary printing),If overprinting "Chen Xin (Mother bet365 mobile betting)、Gong Changsun·Gong Xin (Ziyin)" ("Hunan Ancient Seals"),The double-sided belt bet365 mobile betting "Gong Changsun·Gong Xin" is used as a sub- bet365 mobile betting set in the "Chen Xin" bridge button master bet365 mobile betting。Another example is the overprint of the bridge button from the Han Tomb No. 5 in Huchang, Hanjiang, Jiangsu, "Letter to wish you to come forward (mother bet365 mobile betting)"、Wang Fengshiyin·Wang Shaosunyin (Ziyin)"。Proposed by Ma Guoquan's "Introduction to Han bet365 mobile betting",Among the seals in the Shizhongshanfang Collection of the Palace Museum, there is "Wang Shaoweng Rili (Mother bet365 mobile betting)"、Wang Jia·Changguang (Ziyin)" and other five sets of double-sided seals,"That is, within a slightly larger double-sided bet365 mobile betting,Put on a slightly smaller double-sided bet365 mobile betting”。There is also "Huo Cheng's private bet365 mobile betting·Chen Cheng (mother bet365 mobile betting)" in "Dafengtang Ancient bet365 mobile betting Ju"、Huo Cheng·Image (sub-print)" double set of two-sided printing。
Since it is usually privately printed,There are no special restrictions on the material of the belt printing。Any other materials available for private printing,Generally can be used for wearing belt printing。Judging from the excavated data,The bulk of belt seals are copper seals,Other materials include jade、Silver、Teeth、Bone、Wood、Stone、Mud,Wait。For example, the "Collection of Seals Unearthed in the Twentieth Century" contains the double-sided jade bet365 mobile betting "Sun Xi·Zheng Zhu",Double-sided ivory bet365 mobile betting "Wang Xi·Li Ye" "Zhang He's bet365 mobile betting·Zhang He's words",Double-sided wood bet365 mobile betting "Lelang Prefecture King Guangzhi bet365 mobile betting·Chen Guang" "Zhang Yan·Zhang Bo",Double-sided stone bet365 mobile betting "Tang Ziping·Tang Ziping",Double-sided mud bet365 mobile betting "Sima Xi·Sima Zhongru";The Nanjing Museum has a double-sided silver bet365 mobile betting "Gongshi Tiaoyin·Gongshi Changjun";"Ancient Chinese Seals: Collection of Cheng Xunyi's Ancient Seals" includes the double-sided bone bet365 mobile betting of "Wei Chu Ke·Chen Chu Ke"。
In terms of printing size,The strap is printed for easy wearing,Generally not too large,Should be consistent with the private print size of the same period。For example, in the Han Dynasty, the size of belt printing was mostly within a square inch,Basically the same size as ordinary private printing。Occasionally there are prints that are slightly larger than the square inch,For example, the wooden "Yellow Emperor's Divine bet365 mobile betting" unearthed from a Han tomb in the early Eastern Han Dynasty in Hushu Town, Jiangning, Nanjing,Side length 3.4 cm ("Selected Seals from Nanjing Museum"),The other side has white bet365 mobile betting script and five elements of bet365 mobile betting script,line of four characters,Shi Jiege,The bet365 mobile betting is unclear。Belt seals made by ethnic minorities in remote areas,The size may vary greatly,For example, the Goguryeo double-sided private bet365 mobile betting unearthed in Ji'an, Jilin reads "Middle of the first month of the year of Guihai·Zhan Tian Ru Lang □ Middle" (the interpretation of this bet365 mobile betting is different,This interpretation is based on "Collection of Seals Unearthed in the 20th Century"),Print size is 6.0×5.8cm,Much larger than the general belt printing size in the Central Plains。
About the printing content of the belt bet365 mobile betting,Ma Guoquan once listed seven combinations of double-sided seals in "Introduction to Han Seals": name bet365 mobile betting and table character bet365 mobile betting、Name bet365 mobile betting and Concubine bet365 mobile betting、Name bet365 mobile betting and Auspicious Language bet365 mobile betting、Name bet365 mobile betting and Xiao Shape bet365 mobile betting、Auspicious language bet365 mobile betting and Xiao-shaped bet365 mobile betting、Two-faced auspicious words、Double-sided figure。With the continuous discovery of various materials in recent years,The printed content shows more combination methods,For example, the combination of double-sided seals has the same name (or epithet) on both sides as "Jiang Quji·Jiang Quji" ("Selection of Ancient Seals from the Palace Museum")、"Zhao Shengke·Zhao Shengke" ("Shizhongshanfang bet365 mobile betting Ju")、"Tang Ziping·Tang Ziping",The combination of official position, name and concubine bet365 mobile betting "Lelang Prefecture King Guangzhi bet365 mobile betting·Chen Guang" ("Introduction to Ancient Seals"),Double-sided speech bet365 mobile betting "Sun Hong Yanshi·Sun Hong Baishi" ("Shizhongshanfang bet365 mobile betting"), etc.。As for the combination form of multi-sided belt printing,It will be more abundant and diverse。
It’s worth noting,Double-sided name (or first name) combination in belt bet365 mobile betting,There is also a situation where two people have different surnames (or different names at the same time)。As listed in "Shizhongshanfang bet365 mobile betting Ju", "Dongli Bao·Chu Zhigong", "Zhang Wuzhi·Huo Wuzhi" and "Tian Jian·Fifth Jian";"Wang Xi·Li Ye", "Sun Xi·Zheng Zhu", etc. contained in "Collection of Seals Unearthed in the Twentieth Century"。The reason for this situation,Still awaiting further research in the academic community。
The most important function of the belt bet365 mobile betting,Just as a portable bet365 mobile betting。After the death of the owner of the bet365 mobile betting,They are often buried in tombs as funerary objects,So it has been unearthed in many tombs。There are also belt seals that are specially made for use as bright objects,For example, "The bet365 mobile betting of Lelang Prefecture King Guang, Chen Guang" ("Introduction to Ancient Seals")。In addition,The belt bet365 mobile betting is also used as a religious bet365 mobile betting,The wooden "Yellow Emperor's Divine bet365 mobile betting" with round holes and double-sided seals unearthed from the early Eastern Han Dynasty tomb in Hushu Town, Jiangning, Nanjing mentioned above,It is a Taoist bet365 mobile betting。
What needs to be explained is,Different from the belt bet365 mobile betting that is generally used as a private bet365 mobile betting,There is also a double-sided official bet365 mobile betting found in archaeological discoveries and handed down documents。This kind of double-sided printing does not have perforations,Academic circles generally regard it as a model。For example, the lead "Wuyuan Hou bet365 mobile betting·Wuyuan Duwei bet365 mobile betting" stored in the Palace Museum、Stone "Qia Ping Ma Cheng bet365 mobile betting Gongxian Tu Cheng bet365 mobile betting"。Such a stone double-sided bet365 mobile betting "Quanzhou Cheng bet365 mobile betting·Fanyang Cheng bet365 mobile betting" has also been unearthed from the Baodi Qincheng Site in Tianjin ("Excavation Report of the Baodi Qincheng Site")。In addition,The two-sided official bet365 mobile betting "Chang'an Yucheng·□Garden□ bet365 mobile betting" included in "Sixteen Golden Fu Zhai Seals"、The two-sided official bet365 mobile betting "Gaoling Cheng bet365 mobile betting·Yangling Cheng bet365 mobile betting" collected in "Shizhongshanfang bet365 mobile betting Ju",Also regarded as a bet365 mobile betting model ("Introduction to Ancient Seals" and "Introduction to Han Seals")。
(Author’s unit: Institute of Language and Literature, Hebei Academy of Social Sciences)
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