Lin Zhichun (1910-2007)，Pen Name Day knows，One of the founders of the New China World History Discipline，Ancient History of the World、Chinese and Western classical civilization comparative studies famous scholars。Born in Fuzhou on November 11, 1910。Entering the Department of History of Shanghai Daxia University in 1941。After graduating in 1944，I have been in Shanghai Temporary University、Teaching of Zhongzheng University in Shenyang and Shanghai Daxia University。1950，Faded as an associate professor at the Department of History of Northeast Normal University，Professor "Qin and Han History" and "History of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties"，Later to Professor World Ancient History。1955-1957，Assisting Soviet experts to launch "Young Teachers' Course"。1979，The "Ancient History of the World" written by the host was published by the People's Publishing House; the same year，Starting as the editor -in -chief of the "Grand Encyclopedia" "Foreign Archaeological Group"、Deputy Editor -in -Chief of the "General Theory Group"。August 23-29, 1979，Hosted in Changchun, Jilin, hosted the establishment of the Chinese World Ancient History Research Association，and serve as the first chairman。October 1980，As a member of the Chinese History delegation and Xia Yan、Liu Simu、Qu Tongzu、Wu Yu、Zhang Zhilian and others attended the 15th International History Science Conference in Romania。November 1981，The list of doctoral tutors of the first batch of doctoral students in the Degree Committee of the State Council; the same year，Promote the establishment of "West Asia at Northeast Normal University、North Africa、European Ancient History Research Office "。1984，and Zhou Gucheng、Wu Yuzheng's "Opinions and Suggestions on Strengthening the Research on the History of Classical Civilization of the World"，August 30 of the same year，The Ministry of Education issued the "Approval of the Establishment of World Classical Civilization History and Laboratory in Northeast Normal University"。1986，English journal Journal of Ancient Civilization，This is my country's first historian foreign language journal。1988，and Zhou Gucheng、Wu Yu、Monday Liang、Ren Jiyi、Zhang Zhengyi and other nine famous scholars jointly sponsored the editor -in -chief "World Classical Civilization Series"。1989，Editor's "Research on the History of Ancient City State" was published by People's Publishing House。Starting in 1994，Prested by the "History and Status Status" subtitle of the "History and Status of the Ancient Dynasties of the World" in the "Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties Project"。1997，"Millennium History of Chinese and Western Classical Civilizations" was published by Jilin Cultural and History Press。

Mr. Lin Zhichun is one of the founders of the world's history of the world of New China, especially the ancient historical discipline of the world。Knowing his pen name，Take from Gu Yanwu's "Knowing Record"，also contains "Gou Ri Xin，Daily New，Nihon New "meaning。He fully practiced the meaning of this pen name in his life，Daily diligence is tireless，Written farming。Bet365 app download Lin Zhichun was born in Fuzhou，Study in Fuzhou and Shanghai,，After the founding of New China, go to Northeast Normal University in Changchun City, Jilin Province to participate in Soviet experts to teach in China，Since then lived in North Kingdom。From the warm and humid Fuzhou to the cold and dry Changchun，Climate Environment、The living environment is very different，Mr. is not suitable for，But he often sighs，Changchun's climate is too suitable for working。Summer cool，Writing in the desk，Draft paper will not be soaked by sweat; there is heating in the winter room，You can reach out and flip the book at will，I won't be frozen to shake。More than 50 chills come to summer and go，Mr. Mr. Drilling carefully，Become a practitioner of Marxist history; Mr. Hard work，The academic concept of classical Chinese and Western classical science was proposed; Mr. meticulous planning，From nothing to the establishment of an ancient historical discipline system in China，Cultivated a large number of professional talents with specialized learning。

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Bet365 app download Lin Zhichun was born in Fuzhou，The death of a young father。To reduce the burden on the family，His mother intends to let him end the study in private，Go to the grocery shop as an apprentice。Because Lin Zhichun's performance in private school is very good，Mr. Private School persuaded his mother，Let him be a young man in private school，and bear the cost of continuing to study, and eating in private school。Fuzhou was once an important port of foreign exchanges in China，It is also the center of cultural education in the southeast coast of modern China。1920s，Some new schools have appeared in Fuzhou，Professor study、Disciplines that are not opened in private schools such as sports。He teaches in private school，Study at a new school，Learn both traditional Chinese culture，also accepted the influence of many new science and new ideas。1930，He goes to Shanghai to continue studying，Reading at Daxia Middle School and Daxia University successively，Taught in Shanghai in the next long term。It is during this period，He exposed to some Chinese Communists，Also actively participate in the activities of the Chinese Left Wing Writer Alliance。He later reviewed this time to associate with the Shanghai party organization，mentioned that I planned to go to Yan'an，After various reasons, failed to do it。but，The idea of ​​the Communist Party and the concept of serving the public has penetrated into its heart，and deeply affect his later work and life。

1950，Lin Zhichun recommended to go to Northeast Normal University to carry out historical teaching work with the Institute of History of the Ministry of Philosophy and Social Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences。Because I studied English and Latin in Shanghai，and published a policy about British Prime Minister Chamberlain、Current affairs review articles in the gains and losses of appeasement policy，The scholars who have studied and built the history of world history at that time，Short -long to attack the world history，Assisting Soviet experts to carry out the teaching work of ancient world history。He officially began to accept Marxist materialist history at this period，Carry out research。The 1950s and 1960s，Mr. Actively participated in the major discussion of the Chinese historic community on the "Five Golden Flowers"，In the history of ancient history、Putting your own opinions on issues such as the feudal system。This big discussion is "One of the most influential academic phenomena after the dominant position of Chinese Marxist history"。For the above problems，and the Oriental Autocracy that later appeared、Asian production methods and other problems，He studied Marxist works in depth，Especially for "Family、The Origin of Private and State "" The End of the End of the End of the End of the End of the End of Louvigi Ferbaha and German Classical Philosophy "has conducted in -depth research，He seriously compares German、English original and Russian、Chinese translation，Work hard to clarify key concepts and terms，Completed a series of relevant historical issues in Marian's works。This is his preliminary attempt to play a profound Chinese ancient book research and demonstration skills to engage in foreign issues research，It is also the useful exploration of Chinese historical research methods in foreign historical research。

In order to better complete the task of assisting the teaching of Soviet experts，Better personal teaching and research work，He invited scholars in related fields，The young teacher who participated in the training at that time，Translation Published a number of Soviet history works such as "History of Ancient World" written by Jacconov and Nicarsky and Pavlov's "Ancient Oriental History"，Editor published "Ancient World History Communication" magazine，Coupled with Monday Liang、The "History of the World" compiled by Wu Yuyu edited the historical collection of "Ancient Egypt and the Ancient River Basin"、"Selection of the History of the World" (Ancient parts) and other documents such as auxiliary reading information。These tasks have laid a solid foundation for the establishment of ancient historical disciplines of the world of Chinese world under the guidance of materialist history。In this process，He has a relatively in -depth and comprehensive understanding of Marxist history theory represented by Soviet history。

Based on this，He tried to study China and foreign historical issues with materialistic history。The "Ancient History Outline bet365 live casino games of the World" (upper and lower volumes) published in 1979-1981 reflects his thinking and application of historical materialism。In the precedential of the book, it is openly pointed out: "This book is trying to use Marx Leninism、Through specific historical facts，Through specific historical facts，Explain the development process of human society ...。"The book implementation of this concept，For the original society、Ancient West、Ancient Egypt、Ancient South Asia、Ancient Greece、The historical process of ancient Rome、Political System、Social structure, etc.，Focus on discussing "Labor Creation Humans", "Primitive Groups and Primitive Communes", "Age and Barbarous Age", "Agricultural"、The Development of Artificial Irrigation and the Origin of Civilization "" Class Relationship and Class Strike of Slave Society "," Mid -Stage of Public Ownership to Private Ownership "," struggle between large land ownership and small land ownership "," slave city -state and slavery 9 main problems such as the empire "and" three main forms of the country "。"Ancient History in the World" was published by People's Publishing House，The first batch of world history professional textbooks published after the end of the "Cultural Revolution"。But，This work is more regarded as a academic work in depth of ancient history of the world by historians，The book not only conducts an in -depth interpretation of the discussion of the world's ancient history in the book，It also used a large number of latest archeological materials and documents as the argument，Criticism and analysis of core concepts such as "Oriental Autocracy" and "Asian Production Methods"，Evaluate the different perspectives of Soviet scholars and Western scholars，and put forward the opinions of Chinese scholars。

　　Chinese and Western Classical:From simple contrast to formation system

Lin Zhichun's Chinese learning skills are very deep，Nian Non -weak crown has been in private school，Enlightenment for young children。1944-1950 During the work of work in various universities, Chinese ancient books were also the main。Due to assisting the Soviet Assistance Chinese experts to carry out ancient history teaching work，He started to study foreign ancient history，Comparison of ancient history of Chinese and Western ancient history has gradually become the characteristic of its governance。

Lin Zhichun’s comparative research on China and the West has always been based on Chinese civilization，It is expected that the uniqueness and openness of Chinese civilization through comparative research，And provide Chinese civilization to the world with a discourse system that can be understood。His research has generally experienced learning the Soviet Union、Learn to the West、Based on China、Establish four stages of Chinese and Western classical learning。

The first stage was from 1950-1958，He is a teaching assistant in ancient history research class in the Soviet expert。Through translation and writing textbooks、Literature and materials compilation，He systematically studied Marxist Material History and World History，and use Soviet history research methods to engage in Chinese and world history research。This stage is also the stage of the establishment of ancient historical disciplines in China。

The second stage is about 1972-1984，Mr. Starting consciously get rid of the influence of Soviet history traditions，Learn from Western History Method，Pay attention、Literature, materials and reference books，The origin of the western academic circles such as civilization and the origin of the country、Archaeological stage、Democratic politics、Urban State Government and other issues conduct research。It is also during this period，He began to think about how to build a world ancient historical discipline system in China。

The third stage is about 1984-1990，The study of the study of ancient history of Chinese and Western ancient history began to be clearer。In "Research on the History of Ancient City State"，He expressed the overall idea of ​​comparison of ancient Chinese and Western history: "Use the method of comparative research，Cultural relics of ancient Chinese and Western countries，Chinese and foreign classical civilization text records，Added each other，Compare each other，Demanded each other，The Effects of the Three Available。"This stage is the stage of a large amount of data reserves，Because the connection with the international academic community is becoming more frequent and convenient，He reserved a lot of Chinese and foreign materials，Some research ideas are implemented。Bet365 lotto review On the one hand，He selects some topics to conduct comparative studies，For the Athens Empire and the Zhou Dynasty、Chinese and Western classical democratic politics and other comparisons; on the other hand，He observes ancient Chinese and foreign systems from China and foreign perspectives，For example, the political system from Junzheng Wangzheng to noble politics，State State in Zhou Li、"Chinese", "Called", etc.;，He also uses Chinese and foreign materials to verify some focus issues、Explanation and criticism，If the mistake of "feudal"、"Oriental Autocracy", "Asian Production Methods -No problem with it", etc.。

The fourth stage is after 1990，He started to systematically explain the basic concept of Chinese and Western classical research，Published a series of works and papers，Including "Millennium History of Chinese and Western Classical Civilizations", "The Political Science of Confucius", "On Chinese and Western Classical Studies", "Reconstruction of Chinese and Western Classics", "Three Confucian Chinese and Western Classics", etc.。In these works，He explicitly proposed that "Classical era is the growth period of young people in human society，This classical era in the West，China also has this classical era。The same classical era，Similar to the times，Social achievements are also quite，The basis of this study ‘Chinese and Western Classical Studies，Also ‘Chinese and Western Classical Scholars’ must be raised! Chinese and Western classical learning is full of mutual comparison in history，Materials and content inspired by each other，Classical Chinese and Western classics is valuable! "

He successively proposed the concept of compiling "World Classical Civilization Series" and "Chinese and Western Classical Dictionary"。He drafted "Editing the Early Performance"，The goal of the "World Classical Civilization Series" is "In order to promote Chinese and foreign classical cultural exchange，In order to introduce Western classical civilization into China，spread our classical culture to the world，Especially in order to cooperate with the currently on -the -way filling my country in West Asia、North Africa、European classical civilized blank discipline work needs，Special Edit Editing This World Classical Civilization Series。The "Ancient Chinese Chronicle" published by Northeast Normal University Press in December 1993 adopted Chinese and English in the form of Chinese and English，It is a bold attempt，It also laid the basic style of this series of books。After that，His organizational strength translates Chinese classics such as "■" and "Sleeping Tiger Qin Jian" to English，Translate the literature written by the "Hammurabi Code" and "History since the establishment of the city", etc.，All in the form of Chinese and foreign languages。Another，He hopes to edit a "Chinese and Western Classical Dictionary" in his later years，will include China、Ancient West、Ancient Egypt、Ancient India、Ancient Greece、The basic concept of the world's main ancient civilization, including ancient Rome、The term is edited into a multi -volume dictionary，to bridge the gap between Chinese history and foreign history，Provide a reference book for historians and students。Unfortunately，Due to more language、Difficulty in translation、Seriously insufficient staff、Funding shortages and other difficulties，"World Classical Civilization Series" for many years，Failure to continue publishing，Re -continuing in recent years。"Chinese and Western Classical Dictionary" is even more difficult，Failure to officially start。

His Chinese and Western classical thoughts are not only reflected in the above -mentioned works，Now with Zhang Zhengzheng、Hu Houxuan、Ren Jiyi、Zhou Gucheng、Wu Yu、Zhang Zhongpei、The communication between outstanding scholars in various fields and other fields is also reflected in their personal diary，Reflected his thinking、The journey of exploring Chinese and Western classical science，It contains the content of Chinese and Western classics、Method、Thinking of the topic and other issues，It also includes construction of relevant disciplines、Talent training、Discussion on specific matters such as textbooks and data system construction。In these discussions，Talent training becomes the most important content。

　　World Ancient History System with Chinese characteristics: From nothing to

Cultivation of ancient historical disciplines of the world and Western Chinese and Western，Construction of the world's ancient historical discipline system，Is Lin Zhichun's most thinking、The most practical question，It is also his most important academic contribution。

Before the establishment of New China，Chinese world bet365 live casino games ancient historical teaching and researchers are very rare，The subject system cannot talk about。1955-1957，28 young teachers from various universities across the country began to study ancient history with the help of Soviet aid experts。This group of young teachers later became the backbone force of ancient historical teaching and research in China，Mao Zhaoxing、Liu Wenpeng、Cui Lianzhong、Liu Jiahe、Zhou Yitian and others are distributed in the history of the original society、History of Ancient West Asia、History of ancient Greece、Ancient South Asian (India) History、History of ancient Greece、Ancient Roman History and other major research areas。This period，He edited and published the world's ancient historical textbooks and brief history、Literature and materials compilation，and translated a group of textbooks and works written by a group of Soviet scholars，The ancient Chinese historical discipline system with distinctive Soviet characteristics is gradually formed。

The 1950s and 1960s，He started to pay attention，Order a large number of English research works、Journal and Tools Book。Although there was no condition for learning foreign language and text at the time，But he applied for the first time to purchase the ancient West Asian wedge text、Ancient Egyptian pictographs、Ancient Greek language、Dictionary of Guladin、Dictionary，This batch of tool books is the basis of officially started the teaching of ancient language and text after 1986。Even during the "Cultural Revolution" period，He only needs to be in Changchun，All will go to the Jilin Provincial Library to view English newspapers，Collect the latest foreign archeological discovery information and cultural information，Understanding the research dynamics of ancient history in the Western academic community。1973-1974，His full use of the new discovery of the Western academic community、New point of view，Written and completed the teaching plan of the history of the History, Farm and Farmers of Northeast Normal University，This is also the main reason for "Ancient History in the World" at the fastest speed。

1979，With Lin Zhichun's positive mediation and effort，The Chinese World Ancient History Research Association was established in Changchun，He was elected as the first chairman of the Research Association。The world's ancient historical community unite teachers of various universities and scientific research institutions in China、Scholar，Actively participate in the discussion of basic theoretical issues such as Asian production methods，Carry out the history of the original society、Ancient West Northern Africa History、Discussion on the Topics of Ancient Indian History and Ancient Greek Roman History，and discuss the issue of teaching materials。

1984，He and Zhou Gucheng、Mr. Wu Yuzheng jointly brought the Ministry of Education，Hope to strengthen the study of ancient civilization in the world，Fill the discipline gap，Express the image of a great Chinese culture country。1985，Approved by the Ministry of Education，With the strong support of the State Foreign Experts Bureau，The first World Classical Civilization Demonstration Class opened at Northeast Normal University，From Peking University、Beijing Normal University、Nankai University、Fudan University、Nearly 20 undergraduate 4 undergraduate history and foreign language and literature majors from 6 key universities in Wuhan University and Northeast Normal University participated in learning，From Germany、Three foreign experts in the United States are teachers。Zhou Gucheng、Wu Yu、Lin Zhichun three senior scholars are exhausted，Disciplinary layout of Chinese world history in detail，Students from the Classical Civilization Demonstration Class have been carefully selected by colleges and universities，cover major domestic universities and major regions;，Among them, the field of India is not set up because of a good research foundation in Peking University; students' professional choices also have more clear pertinence，Graduate students also take the goal of returning to various universities，Try to form a characteristic field with the advantages of personnel configuration。

1986，The Institute of Classical Civilization History of the World (referred to as "Classical Institute"，English name Institute for History of Ancient Civilizations，IHAC) Established at Northeast Normal University，He is the first director。The Institute Establishs Classical Studies、Assyrian School、Bet365 app download Egyptian learning、4 majors in Hezi Xue，Admissions from the History Department of major universities in the country to recruit a junior undergraduate student with a professional foundation of history and foreign language and literature, professional learning。The teachers of the teaching are foreign experts in various fields，He specially invited Yang Chi, a doctor of Assyrian, who graduated from the University of Chicago as the deputy director of the supervisor，Responsible for the teaching work of Benshuo students。According to the characteristics of different majors，He has formulated a detailed teaching plan with Yang Chi and foreign experts。Classical Greek and Latin Wen、Ancient Western wedge -shaped text and ancient Egyptian pictographs became compulsory courses for students of different professional students，Arami language was also included in ancient language compulsory courses。Another，Archeology、Basic Linguistics、Comparative Linguistics、Disciplinary courses such as literature，Ancient Greek History、Ancient Roman History、Ancient East History、English writing and French、German and other modern foreign language courses。From 1986 to the present，From Germany、United States、UK、Russia、Spain、Canada、Poland、Iraq、Sweden、More than 30 foreign experts in Nigeria and other countries teach at the Classical Institute。A considerable number of scholars in them were internationally renowned scholars in various professional fields at that time，Some later became top scholars，For example, Billie Jean Collins， Charles Crowther，Johan de Roos， RAINER H. G.hannig，Silvin KO? 觢 AK，Edmund Meltzer， Fritz-Heiner Mutschler，ozaki tohru， david warburton; etc.。Under the system training of these foreign experts，The first batch of scholars who can be proficient in modern Western languages ​​and ancient words began to engage in teaching and research in domestic universities and scientific research institutions。So far，Ancient historical disciplines in China have become the highest degree of internationalization、The best research foundation、The relatively the most relatively practitioners in the world historical discipline。Classical Institute also gradually won prestige in the international academic community，The English journal Journal of Ancient Civilizations, hosted by Bet365 lotto review the classical classical journal, founded in 1986，More than 30 periods have been published so far，Many internationally renowned scholars have written documents; the Classical Institute invites scholars from various countries to visit，Opening a series of academic lectures，Maintain close contact with the international academic community; some foreign students also come to the name，Reading a degree，Magnus Widell, who graduated from the Classical Institute, has now become a starting show in the international African academic community。

Please come in，Going out is also Zhougu City、Wu Yu、The important aspect of the subject construction concept of Lin Zhichun and others。They recommend young students to study abroad through various channels，Wu Yuhong、Gongyu Book、Huang Yang、Jin Shoufu, etc., go to the UK、Germany Learning Assyria、Classical learning、Egyptian learning。After the 1990s，They have successively returned to China，Become the backbone of the study of ancient history in China today。Since then，More and more scholars and students go abroad，Study or engage in research in universities and scientific research institutions in major countries in Europe and the United States，Also participated in the field archeology、Archaeological Data Compilation、Literature Edit、Toolbook compilation and other basic work，The research results of more than 10 scholars are published and published in well -known foreign academic publishers and well -known academic journals。Ancient historians of the world in China have become increasingly integrated into the international academic system，Form international influence。

Data construction is an important part of discipline construction。mentioned earlier，Lin Zhichun started collecting and teaching information in the world's ancient history and teaching information in the Soviet Union and the British and American academic circles in the 1950s。1983，He and Zhou Gucheng、Mr. Wu Yuzheng jointly believes in the Ministry of Culture，Initiative to set up Western Classical Civilization History Library at the Beijing Library and Shanghai Library at the time。When Bet365 lotto review the classical classic was established in 1986, the data room was established simultaneously。The construction of the classical data room is innovative in many aspects: first，Diverse sources，Except for the uniformly purchased by the Library of Northeast Normal University，In the early 1990s, the Classical Institute of the early 1990s won funding from UNESCO，I purchased a large number of book materials; foreign experts who came to teach brought a copy of a large number of documents and materials，For example, Polish expert Hanna Rozkowska copied more than 70 volumes of KBO and KUB from Warsaw University; Yang Chi and foreign experts also used personal influence，I have won books and papers given by a large number of scholars，There are also some foreign scholars who presented their personal collections to the classical information room after retirement;，English Journal Journal of Ancient Civilizations and some professional journals and scholars or institutions establish data exchange relationships，Get a number of important series and journal information。Next，Book digital work has begun in the late 1980s，At that time, foreign experts prepared digital book and catalog system，Data Camera、Borrowing、The query is extremely convenient，provides fast and convenient services for scholars and students at home and abroad; enter the new century，Book digitalization process accelerates，More scholars and students benefit from it。

In the teaching of classical civilization class，Lin Zhichun's comparative research idea is clearly reflected。China is an important center of ancient civilization，It is an important part of the study of the history of classical civilization in the world。In order to practice the concept of Chinese classical science，Classical Institute specially opened courses such as "Pre -Qin History", "Qin Han History", "Reading of the Analects", "Shangshu Reading" and "Yijing Reading"，Invite professional teachers to teach Oracle and golden texts，He personally participated in the classics of the Analects of Confucius, Shang Shu and Yijing，and use the English translation of the above Chinese classics as the main reference book，Organize students to analyze and compare。In English journal Journal of Ancient Civilizations and later Chinese version of "Ancient Civilization" journal，Research on the comparative study of ancient Chinese history and Chinese and Western civilizations has always been the main issue。

November 11, 2020，At the symposium on the 110th anniversary of the birthday of the anniversary,，Mr. Lin Zhichun's students and scholars from all professional fields in the world of ancient history reviewed and summarized the contribution of his lifelong learning, teaching and educating people，Appreciate the concept of Chinese and Western classical sciences he proposed。This forward -looking and creative concept may be possible to become our constructing Chinese historical discipline system、One direction of the academic system and discourse system。

　　(The author is a researcher at the Institute of World History of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences、Special Researcher Invited Researchers at the Research Center of Chinese Civilization and World Ancient Civilization)